[Dietary intake of calcium in pre-school and school children in Russia: main food sources and eating occasions].

It is known that adequate calcium intake determines formation of skeleton and genetic predisposition of its weight and density peak. Optimal calcium intake in the childhood determines risk reduction of density loss and osteoporosis in the adulthood. This research explored contribution of different food sources, as well as eating occasions on calcium dietary intake among preschool and school children (4-13 years old).

Ste20-like protein kinase SLK (LOSK) regulates microtubule organization by targeting dynactin to the centrosome.

The microtubule- and centrosome-associated Ste20-like kinase (SLK; long Ste20-like kinase [LOSK]) regulates cytoskeleton organization and cell polarization and spreading. Its inhibition causes microtubule disorganization and release of centrosomal dynactin. The major function of dynactin is minus end-directed transport along microtubules in a complex with dynein motor.

Bidirectional transport of organelles: unity and struggle of opposing motors.

Bidirectional transport along microtubules is ensured by opposing motor proteins: cytoplasmic dynein that drives cargo to the minus-ends and various kinesins that generally move to the plus-ends of microtubules. Regulation of motor proteins that are simultaneously bound to the same organelle is required to maintain directional transport and prevent pausing of cargo pulled away by motors of opposite polarity. Debates of the recent decade have been focused on two possible mechanisms of such regulation: (i) coordination, which implies that only one type of motors is active at a given time, and (ii) tug-of-war, which assumes that both motors are active at the same time and that direction of transport depends on the outcome of motor's confrontation.

Immunolocalization of Picornavirus RNA in infected cells with antibodies to Tyr-pUp, the covalent linkage unit between VPg and RNA.

The genomic RNA of picornaviruses is attached to a small protein (VPg) via a covalent bond between a tyrosine and a 5'-terminal uridine phosphate. The same structure is present in potyvirus and calicivirus families. VPgs play a key role in initiation of viral replication by acting as primers for RNA synthesis.

Dynactin subunit p150Glued isoforms notable for differential interaction with microtubules.

Dynactin is a multiprotein complex that enhances dynein activity. The largest dynactin subunit, p150Glued, interacts with microtubules through its N-terminal region that contains a globular cytoskeleton-associated protein (CAP)-Gly domain and basic microtubule-binding domain of unknown structure. The p150Glued gene has a complicated intron-exon structure, and many splice isoforms of p150Glued protein have been predicted.