Hand Pattern Based on Second-to-Fourth Digit Ratio: Its Relationship to Sex, Body Mass Index, and Physical Activity.

Background: The second-to-fourth digit ratio is measured by dividing the length of the index finger by the length of the ring finger. A ratio <1 means that the ring finger is longer; this is known as the male pattern or "A" pattern. A ratio >1 means that the index finger is longer; this is known as the female pattern or "C" pattern.

Iris melanocytoma in child diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy.

We report a case of large iris melanocytoma in a child diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy. In this interventional case report, cytologic features typical of melanocytoma were obtained by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). FNAB can be used in difficult diagnostic cases if a good sample is obtained, this technique has an accuracy of more than 99% in tumors larger than 3 mm; however, false-negative and false-positive results may be obtained.

Acute retinal necrosis after Boston type I keratoprosthesis.

A case report of a 68-year-old male who developed acute retinal necrosis (ARN) after Boston type I keratoprosthesis is presented. The procedure was performed for multiple graft failure secondary to herpetic keratitis. Clinical data including visual acuity, color fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, laboratory tests findings, and management are presented.

Healed corneal ulcer with keloid formation.

We are reporting a 34-year-old Arabic white female patient who presented with a white mass covering her left cornea following multiple ocular surgeries and healed corneal ulcer. The lesion obscured further view of the iris, pupil and lens. The patient underwent penetrating keratoplasty and the histopathologic study of the left corneal button showed epithelial hyperplasia, absent Bowman's layer and subepithelial fibrovascular proliferation.

Deep anterior lamellar Keratoplasty.

Keratoconus is a disease causing increased steepening of the cornea resulted in irregular astigmatism. Treatment options are Glasses, Hard contact lenses, Cross linking, Intracorneal Segments insertion, Refractive surgery (Gilda et al., 2008), or Keratoplasty.