Screening for amyloid proteins in the yeast proteome.

The search for novel pathological and functional amyloids represents one of the most important tasks of contemporary biomedicine. Formation of pathological amyloid fibrils in the aging brain causes incurable neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's Huntington's diseases. At the same time, a set of amyloids regulates vital processes in archaea, prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Interaction of Prions Causes Heritable Traits in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The concept of "protein-based inheritance" defines prions as epigenetic determinants that cause several heritable traits in eukaryotic microorganisms, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Podospora anserina. Previously, we discovered a non-chromosomal factor, [NSI+], which possesses the main features of yeast prions, including cytoplasmic infectivity, reversible curability, dominance, and non-Mendelian inheritance in meiosis. This factor causes omnipotent suppression of nonsense mutations in strains of S.

Molecular markers of arterial hypertension in patients with normotony, pre-hypertension and hypertension.

We studied concentrations of angiotensin II, HLDF24 peptide, endothelin proteins, S100B, and autoantibodies to them and serum levels of blood natriuretic peptide in patients with different categories of "normal" arterial BP and hypertension. The relationship between blood levels of the above factors and normotony, pre-hypertension, and hypertension in the examined groups was analyzed. The results suggest that the studied molecular factors can serve as potential predictors of arterial hypertension and used for personalized hypertension risk assessment.

[MORPHOFUNCTIONAL MYOCARDIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN PATIENTS WITH MASKED ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND WHITE COAT HYPERTENSION].

The aim of this work was to study morpho-functional myocardial characteristics in patients with masked arterial hypertension (AH) and white coat hypertension (WCH) given antihypertensive therapy (AHT) and without it. This cross-sectional cohort study included employees of a large industrial enterprise who annually underwent routine medical examination supplemented by 24 hr AP monitoring and echocardiography carried out at specified time of the working day. The participants of the study were divided into 6 groups based on the relationship between clinical AP and mean AP during work.

Proteomic screening for amyloid proteins.

Despite extensive study, progress in elucidation of biological functions of amyloids and their role in pathology is largely restrained due to the lack of universal and reliable biochemical methods for their discovery. All biochemical methods developed so far allowed only identification of glutamine/asparagine-rich amyloid-forming proteins or proteins comprising amyloids that form large deposits. In this article we present a proteomic approach which may enable identification of a broad range of amyloid-forming proteins independently of specific features of their sequences or levels of expression.

Identification of PrP sequences essential for the interaction between the PrP polymers and Aβ peptide in a yeast-based assay.

Alzheimer disease is associated with the accumulation of oligomeric amyloid β peptide (Aβ), accompanied by synaptic dysfunction and neuronal death. Polymeric form of prion protein (PrP), PrP(Sc), is implicated in transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). Recently, it was shown that the monomeric cellular form of PrP (PrP(C)), located on the neuron surface, binds Aβ oligomers (and possibly other β-rich conformers) via the PrP(23-27) and PrP(90-110) segments, acting as Aβ receptor.

[Risk factors and the course of myocardial infarction in elderly women].

Aim: to elucidate risk factors and special features of myocardial infarction (MI) in elderly women.

Material And Methods: We included into the study 217 women aged 34 to 89 years who had Q-wave or non Q-wave MI and were admitted for treatment in the cardiology department. These patients were divided into two age groups - younger than 60 years (n=79, mean age 51.

[Lipid metabolism state under exposure to noise and aluminum dust].

Serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides were studied in experimental machinery workers and in reference group. The examinees exposed to occupational hazards demonstrated severe dyslipidemia.

Immunogenicity of a novel, bivalent, plant-based oral vaccine against hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency viruses.

A synthetic chimeric gene, TBI-HBS, encoding the immunogenic ENV and GAG epitopes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and the surface protein antigen (HBsAg) of hepatitis B virus (HBV), was expressed in tomato plants. Tomato fruits containing the TBI-HBS antigen were fed to experimental mice and, on days 14 and 28 post-feeding, high levels of HIV- and HBV-specific antibodies were present in the serum and feces of the test animals. Intraperitoneal injection of a DNA vaccine directing synthesis of the same TBI-HBsAg antigen boosted the antibody response to HIV in the blood serum; however, it had no effect on the high level of antibodies produced to HBV.

[Designing of a candidate edible vaccine against hepatitis B and HIV on the basis of a transgenic tomato].

The synthetic chimeric gene TBI-HBS encoding the synthesis of immunogenic ENV and GAC epitopes of HIV-1 (immunogenes of T- and B-lymphocytes) and of the surface protein (HBsAg) of the hepatitis B virus was introduced into tomato plants var. Ventura by agrobacterial vector pBIN35TBI-HBS; transgenic tomato plants with the integrated gene TBI-HBS were generated. The integration of the TBI-HBS target gene was confirmed by PCR.

Adenylosuccinate synthetase of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae: purification and properties.

Adenylosuccinate synthetase (AS-synthetase) was purified from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The purification procedure included chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, phosphocellulose, and heparin-agarose. The pH and temperature optima for the enzyme activity (7.

[Measurement of proinsulin, insulin and C-peptide in human blood by high performance liquid chromatography].

The technique of measuring insulin, proinsulin, and C-peptide in human blood by high-pressure liquid chromatography is described. Donors, subjects with abnormal glucose tolerance, and patients with type I diabetes were examined. The main advantage of the method over radioimmunoassay and enzyme immunoassay is the possibility of simultaneous differentiated measurement of human insulin and animal hormone administered parenterally, and separation of insulin and its precursor on the basis of difference in molecular weight and charge of molecules.

ADE6 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast encoding formylglycinamidine-ribonucleotide synthetase. Cloning, sequencing, and analysis.

The ADE6 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast encoding the enzyme formylglycinamidine-ribonucleotide (FGAM)-synthetase of de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides was cloned and sequenced. The gene encodes a protein consisting of 1358 amino acids. The flanking regions of 1208 (5') and 728 bp (3') were also sequenced.

[Glycine amide ribonucleotide synthetase (EC 6.3.4.13)--is aminoimidazole ribonucleotide synthetase (EC 6.3.3.1) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae].

The bifunctional enzyme GAR-synthetase-AIR-synthetase (E2-E5) of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been studied. The yeast strain with overproduction of E2-E5 has been obtained. The enzyme from this strain, E2-E5, has been purified and characterized.

[Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADE12 gene, coding for adenylosuccinate synthetase (EC 6.3.4.4). Cloning, sequencing, expression, and superproduction].

The cloning and sequencing of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADE12 gene encoding the structure of adenylsuccinate synthetase (ASS) are reported for the first time. Comparative analysis of all known ASS sequences was carried out. Regulation of ADE12 gene expression by exogenic adenine was carried out.

[The effect of the composition of an artificial gas environment under pressure up to 5.1 MPa on the oxidation-reduction reactions in the human body].

In 500-m dives, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism was found to depend on the composition of hyperbaric gas mixture. Reduction of the oxygen partial pressure for over 2.0 kPa from the optimal one depressed aerobic energy-producing biochemical reactions in the human blood cells.

[Immunologic response of divers working in the conditions of increased microbial contamination of water under pressure up to 5.1 MPa].

The complex investigation of immune and nonspecific reactivity of 30 aquanauts was carried out during five experimental saturation divings up to 350-500 m accompanied by an increase of microbic contamination in water of the hyperbaric chamber. Peculiarities of humoral immune response and phagocyte functions were found to depend on the inflammatory disease of aquanauts. It is concluded that the situational transitory immune deficiency development under the influence of hyperbaric factors is possible and changes in the microbe spectrum are real.

[Evaluation of energy metabolism and physical work capacity of divers for determining the optimal oxygen level during breathing gas mixture under pressure up to 5.1 MPa].

A complex evaluation of energy metabolism, oxygen-transport function of blood and physical work capacity of aquanauts has been performed during three imitation divings at depths of 400, 450 and 500 m in heliox as a breathing medium. These experiments have shown that optimal levels of partial oxygen pressure in artificial chamber environment are 30-33 kPa at 4.1 MPa, 32-35 kPa at 4.

[Effect of hyperbaric factors on the biochemical and hematological indicators in rats (in vivo) and in humans (in vitro)].

The influence of hyperbaric factors on complex of biochemical and haematological parameters was examined in rats (in vivo) on donor blood samples. It was established, that the sojourn in heliox under the pressure 6.1 MPa and rO2 60 kPa results in activation of lipid peroxidation, alteration of erythrocyte oxygen transport function and the suppression of lipid metabolism.

[Various mechanisms of regulation of lipid peroxidation in human erythrocytes after long-term exposure to hyperbaric oxygenation].

Intensity of lipid peroxidation and activity of antioxidant protection enzymes in erythrocytes were measured in three experiments with 10-24 days exposure of aquanauts under 4.6 and 5.1 MPa.