Organic modification of layered zirconium phosphate/phosphonate for controlled release of therapeutic inorganic ions.

The present study aims to develop a layered zirconium phosphate/phosphonate (LZP) powder to control the release of therapeutic inorganic ions. Organically modified LZPs were successfully prepared with various contents of phenyl groups via a reflux method in an aqueous solution containing phosphoric and phenylphosphonic acids. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the crystal structure of the synthesized LZP samples was identical to that of α-zirconium phosphate, even after modification.

Production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) in an ionic liquid, 1-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate.

Production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) from Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) using an ionic liquid, 1-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([MIM]HSO), was investigated. 5-HMF can be produced from C. japonica at temperatures above 120 °C.

NMR-based quantitative studies of the conformational equilibrium between their square and folded forms of ascidiacyclamide and its analogues.

Ascidiacyclamide [cyclo(-Ile-oxazoline-D-Val-thiazole-)] (1) is a cytotoxic cyclic peptide from the ascidian, or sea squirt. Through structural analyses using asymmetric analogues [Xxx: Ala (2), Val (3), Leu (4), Phe (5), cyclohexylalanine (6) and phenylglycine (7)], we previously showed 1 to exist in a conformational equilibrium between square and folded forms. In the present study, five new asymmetric analogues [Xxx: 2-aminobutyric acid (8), 2-aminopentyric acid (9), -butylalanine (10), cyclohexylglycine (11) and -leucine (12)] were synthesized, and their structures were analyzed with X-ray diffraction and CD spectral measurements.