Presentation of two patients with malignant granulosa cell tumors, with a review of the literature.

Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) of the ovary account for 2 to 5 of ovarian malignancies. We present two patients with malignant ovarian adult GCT. In one patient, a combination of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin was effective after initial surgery for malignant GCT.

A case of ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma in a premenarcheal girl.

We report a case of a 12-year-old premenarcheal girl who developed ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma. The tumor, which originated from the right ovary, weighed 1400 g, and had a smooth surface and thin capsule, was extirpated. The cut surface showed multilocular cysts of various sizes and yellowish gelatinous to solid parts that accounted for approximately 40% of the cut surface.

A Case of Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma Simultaneously Producing Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein and Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor.

We describe the first report of an ovarian clear cell carcinoma simultaneously producing parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). A 64-year-old woman complained of general fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and constipation. The results of blood and biochemistry tests were white blood cell count of 21,060 /ml and calcium of 18.

4-Methylumbelliferone inhibits hyaluronate synthesis in human uterine cervical fibroblasts.

Aim: Hyaluronate plays an important role in the regulation of cervical function during parturition. In our previous study we showed that 4-methylumbelliferone (MU) suppresses hyaluronate synthesis by cultured human skin fibroblasts. The present study investigated the effects of MU on fibroblasts obtained from the human uterine cervix and assessed the possibility of controlling cervical ripening with MU.

[Hormone replacement Up-to-date. Effect of estrogen therapy (EP) and estrogen-progestogen therapy (EPT) on the bone metabolism].

Estrogen depletion after menopause become involved with postmenopausal bone loss, therefore ET (estrogen therapy) and EPT (estrogen-progestogen therapy) have been considered as first-line therapy for postmenopausal osteopenia and osteoporosis. However, after WHI (Women's Health Initiative) reports, use of estrogen for treatment of osteopenia and osteoporosis is limited. Because estrogen plays indispensable roles in maintaining female physiological functions including bone metabolism, use of estrogens would elicit much benefits when administered properly.