Ten new resin glycosides, ipoalbins I-X, from Ipomoea alba seeds.

Ipomoea alba L. (Convolvulaceae) is an annual vine native to tropical America that is cultivated primarily for ornamental purposes. Its seeds are used in traditional medicine as a laxative, and young shoots are consumed as food.

Screening of promising chemotherapeutic candidates from plants against human adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (IX): active principles from .

During the screening of novel chemotherapeutic candidates from plants against adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATL), we found that extracts of plants in the Solanaceae, Annonaceae, Apocynaceae, and Rutaceae families showed anti-proliferative activity in the MT-1 and MT-2 cell lines. We have isolated active compounds from these plants in the present research because Cupressaceae plants showed potent anti-proliferative activity in the cell lines. We attempted to isolate the active compounds from the leaves of .

Eleven new glycosidic acid methyl esters from the crude resin glycoside fraction of Ipomoea alba seeds.

Resin glycosides are characteristic of plants of the Convolvulaceae family and are well-known purgative ingredients in crude drugs, such as Rhizoma Jalapae, Orizaba Jalapa Tuber, and Pharbitidis Semen, which are used in traditional medicine and derived from plants belonging to this family. Isolated resin glycosides have demonstrated diverse biological activities, including antibacterial, ionophoric, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and multidrug-resistance-modulating properties, as well as cytotoxicity against cancer cells. These compounds consist of hydroxyl fatty acid oligoglycosides (glycosidic acids), with portions of the saccharide moieties acylated with some organic acids to form the core structure.

Identification and characterization of organic and glycosidic acids in the crude resin glycoside fraction of Ipomoea alba seeds.

Resin glycosides act as laxatives in crude drugs derived from plants of the Convolvulaceae family. These compounds have exhibited antibacterial, ionophoric, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and multidrug resistance-modulating properties, as well as cytotoxicity against cancer cells. This study investigated the organic acid, hydroxyl fatty acid, monosaccharide, and glycosidic acid components of the crude resin glycoside fraction obtained from the methanol extract of Ipomoea alba L.

Four new resin glycosides from Ipomoea muricata seeds: muricatins XIV-XVII.

Ipomoea muricata (L.) Jacq. seeds (Convolvulaceae) are used as a traditional laxative and carminative medicine.

Screening of promising chemotherapeutic candidates from plants against human adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (VIII): six new withanolides from Physalis philadelphica.

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a malignancy of mature peripheral T-lymphocytes caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I). There are an estimated 5-20 million HTLV-1-infected individuals worldwide. Conventional chemotherapeutic regimens used against other malignant lymphomas have been administered to patients with ATL, but the therapeutic outcomes of acute and lymphoma-type ATL remain extremely poor.

Identification and characterization of organic and glycosidic acids in the crude resin glycoside fraction from the leaves and stems of Calystegia japonica.

The alkaline hydrolysis of the crude resin glycoside fraction from the leaves and stems of the plant Calystegia japonica Choisy (Convolvulaceae) yielded organic acid and glycosidic acid fractions. The organic acid fraction was esterified with p-bromophenacyl bromide to obtain p-bromophenacyl 2R-methyl-3R-hydroxybutyrate (1) and p-bromophenacyl (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate (2). By treating the glycosidic acid fraction with trimethylsilyldiazomethane-hexane, seven new methyl esters of glycosidic acids, namely calyjaponic acid A methyl ester (3) calyjaponic acid B methyl ester (5), calyjaponic acid C methyl ester (6), calyjaponic acid D methyl ester (7), calyjaponic acid E methyl ester (8), calyjaponic acid F methyl ester (9), and calyjaponic acid G methyl ester (10), were isolated along with one known ester (4).

Two new resin glycosides, muricatins XII and XIII, from the seeds of .

Two new resin glycosides, muricatins XII () and XIII (), were isolated from the crude resin glycoside fraction of the seeds of (L.) Jacq. (Convolvulaceae), along with three known ones, muricatins V (), VI (), and IX ().

Four new resin glycosides, calyhedins VII-X, from the rhizomes of .

Four new resin glycosides with macrolactone structures (jalapins), namely, calyhedins VII ()-X (), were isolated from the rhizomes of Wall. (Convolvulaceae). The structures of - were determined based on spectroscopic data.

Calyhedins I-VI: Resin glycosides from the rhizomes of Calystegia hederacea.

Six previously undescribed resin glycosides, calyhedins I-VI, were isolated from the rhizomes of Calystegia hederacea Wall., which are the first genuine resin glycosides isolated from C. hederacea.

Screening of Promising Chemotherapeutic Candidates from Plants against Human Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (VI): Cardenolides from Asclepias curassavica.

In the course of our screening program for novel chemotherapeutic candidates from plants against adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, the extracts of Asclepias curassavica L. showed potent activity against MT-1 and MT-2 cells. Therefore, we attempted to isolate their active components.

Two new glycosidic acids, calyhedic acids E and F, in crude resin glycoside fraction from .

Two new glycosidic acids, calyhedic acids E () and F (), were isolated from the glycosidic acid fraction afforded by alkaline hydrolysis of the crude resin glycoside fraction obtained from whole plants of Wall. Compounds and were characterised as 11-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid 11--β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)--β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)--β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-[-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]--β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-quinovopyranoside and an isomer of , in which the 11-hydroxyhexadecanoyl residue of was replaced by a 12-hydroxyhexadecanoyl residue, respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic data.

Identification and characterization of organic and glycosidic acids in crude resin glycoside fraction from Calystegia hederacea.

Resin glycosides are well known as the purgative ingredients, which are characteristic of convolvulaceous plants. Calystegia hederacea Wall. is a perennial herbaceous vine that is widespread throughout India and East Asia.

Two New Triterpene Glycosides in the Roots of Uraria crinita.

Two new triterpene glycosides, 24-deoxyoxytrogenin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)[β-D-glucopyranosyl]-β-D-galactopyranosyl (1→2)-β-D-glucuronopyranoside and sophoradiol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl (1→2)-β-D-glucuronopyranoside with four known glycosides were isolated from a Chinese natural medicine, the roots of Uraria crinita (L.) DESV. Their structures were determined by chemical and spectral methods.

Role of vasopressin V1a receptor in ∆-tetrahydrocannabinol-induced cataleptic immobilization in mice.

Rationale: Cannabis is a widely used illicit substance. ∆-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the major psychoactive component of cannabis, is known to cause catalepsy in rodents. Recent studies have shown that vasopressin V1a and V1b receptors are widely distributed in the central nervous system and are capable of influencing a wide variety of brain functions such as social behavior, emotionality, and learning and memory.

Screening of promising chemotherapeutic candidates from plants against human adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (V): coumarins and alkaloids from Boenninghausenia japonica and Ruta graveolens.

During the course of our studies towards the identification of promising chemotherapeutic candidates from plants against two human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-infected T-cell lines (MT-1 and MT-2), we screened 17 extracts from 9 rutaceous plants against MT-1 and MT-2 cells. The extracts from the aerial parts and roots of Boenninghausenia japonica, as well as the leaves and roots of Ruta graveolens showed potent antiproliferative effects. After activity-guided fractionation, we isolated 44 compounds from two rutaceous plants, including three new compounds (1-3), which were classified into 26 coumarin analogs (13 coumarins, 8 furanocoumarins, 4 dihydrofuranocoumarins and one dihydropyranocoumarin), 15 alkaloid analogs (7 quinolone alkaloids, 4 acridone alkaloids, 3 furanoquinoline alkaloids and one tetrahydroacridone alkaloid) and 3 flavonoid glycosides.

Screening of promising chemotherapeutic candidates from plants against human adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (IV): phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids from Tylophora tanakae leaves.

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a malignancy of mature peripheral T lymphocytes caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). There are an estimated 5 million to 20 million HTLV-1-infected individuals worldwide; their lifetime risk of developing ATL is 3-5 %, and high HTLV-1 proviral loads have been shown to be an independent risk factor. Although conventional chemotherapeutic regimens used against other malignant lymphomas have been administered to ATL patients, the prognosis is often poor.

Screening of promising chemotherapeutic candidates from plants against human adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (III).

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a malignancy of mature peripheral T lymphocytes caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). In our previous paper, 214 extracts from 162 plants were screened to elucidate the anti-proliferative principles against HTLV-I-infected T-cell lines. In this study, 245 extracts from 182 plants belonging to 61 families were further tested against two HTLV-I-infected T-cell lines (MT-1 and MT-2).

Screening of promising chemotherapeutic candidates from plants against human adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (II): apoptosis of antiproliferactive principle (24,25-dihydrowithanolide D) against ATL cell lines and structure-activity relationships with withanolides isolated from solanaceous plants.

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an incurable peripheral T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I. In our preceding paper, 214 extracts from 162 plants were screened to elucidate the antiproliferative principles against ATL cell lines. Several withanolides were isolated and the structure-activity relationships (SAR) examined.

Screening of promising chemotherapeutic candidates against human adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma from plants: active principles from Physalis pruinosa and structure-activity relationships with withanolides.

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a peripheral T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-1). Clinical manifestations of ATL range from smoldering to chronic, lymphoma and acute subtypes. Patients with acute and lymphoma-type ATL require therapeutic intervention.

Expression, purification, and characterization of anti-plumbagin single-chain variable fragment antibody in Sf9 insect cell.

Plumbagin (PL; 5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone) is an important secondary metabolite, mainly produced in the Plumbago zeylanica L. (Plumbaginaceae). A single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody, fusion of the variable regions of the heavy chain and light chain of immunoglobulin against PL (PL-scFv) was expressed by Bac-to-Bac Baculovirus Expression System using Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) insect cells and characterized to investigate potential use of PL-scFv as a tool for plant immunomodulation.

Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine puerarin and its aglycone daidzein.

Pueraria candollei (White Kwao Khuer) is a medicinal plant containing puerarin (8-C-glucosyl-4',7-dihydroxyisoflavone) and its aglycone, daidzein, as major isoflavonoids used for its rejuvenating and estrogenic effects. In order to analyze these isoflavonoids, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed using polyclonal antibody (PAb) against puerarin. Puerarin was conjugated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) to be used as an immunogen for production of PAb from a rabbit.

Simultaneous analysis of isoflavones and saponins in Pueraria flowers using HPLC coupled to an evaporative light scattering detector and isolation of a new isoflavone diglucoside.

The Pueraria flowers, Puerariae Flos [Puerariae Lobatae Flos (the flowers of P. lobata) and Puerariae Thomsonii Flos (the flowers of P. thomsonii)], have been used as crude drugs to counteract the overconsumption of alcohol in Japan and China.

Development of sensitivity-improved fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay using a fluorescent single-domain antibody against the bioactive naphthoquinone, plumbagin.

A fluorescent single-domain antibody (fluobody), a fusion protein of a green fluorescent protein extracted from Aequorea coerulescens (AcGFP), a mutant that has been codon-optimized for mammalian expression, and a single-chain variable fragment antibody (scFv), against plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone; PL) was successfully constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli. The expressed fluobody was purified, refolded, and characterized to develop a speedy, simple, and sensitive fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay (FLISA) for the determination of PL. In this study, two kinds of fluobody containing PL-scFv at the N-terminus of AcGFP (N fluobody) or the C-terminus of AcGFP (C fluobody) were constructed with flexible amino acid linker (Gly(4)Ser)(2) between PL-scFv and AcGFP for comparative purposes.