Publications by authors named "Ryota Hayashi"

Marine debris poses a major threat to marine life including sea turtles. It has been identified as a cause of death in endangered sea turtles and is critical concern in its conservation efforts. In this study, we discovered a large clear plastic sheet (106 cm × 118 cm) in the gastrointestinal tract of a dead stranded leatherback turtle.

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DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) trigger the recruitment of repair protein and promote signal transduction through posttranslational modifications such as phosphorylation. After DSB induction, ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) phosphorylates H2AX on chromatin surrounds the mega-base pairs proximal to the DSBs. Advanced super-resolution microscopic technology has demonstrated the formation of γH2AX nano foci as a unit of nano domain comprised of multiple nucleosomes.

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Schwannomas consist of both high-cellularity regions (Antoni A area) and hypocellular regions (Antoni B area) in histopathological findings. Neurofibromas characteristically consist of CD34 positive spindle cells with thin, wavy, nuclei and wavy collagen bands. Previous reports have described segments of schwannomas with neurofibroma features as hybrid tumors, although hybrid tumors were diagnosed based on partial CD34 positivity in many previous reports.

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The fatal outcomes in DIHS/DRESS are reported to be associated with CMV reactivation. However, CMV reactivation is also observed not only in DIHS/DRESS but also in other diseases when high doses of corticosteroids are administered. Currently, it is difficult to distinguish whether CMV reactivation in DIHS/DRESS is caused by steroid-induced immunosuppression or the pathology of DIHS/DRESS.

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Purpose: Recent radiation therapy (RT), such as intensity modulated radiation therapy and particle RT, has improved the concentration of the radiation field targeting tumors. However, severe adverse effects still occur, possibly due to genetic factors in patients. We aimed to investigate the mechanism of exacerbated inflammation during RT.

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The diagnostic accuracy rate of live videoconferencing (LVC) teledermatology, by board-certified dermatologists compared to non-dermatologists has not yet been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of board-certified dermatologists, dermatology specialty trainees, and board-certified internists in LVC teledermatology. We examined the diagnostic accuracy of clinicians from different specialties in diagnosing the same group of patients.

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Ionizing radiation (IR)-induced double-strand breaks (DSBs) are primarily repaired by non-homologous end joining or homologous recombination (HR) in human cells. DSB repair requires adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) for protein kinase activities in the multiple steps of DSB repair, such as DNA ligation, chromatin remodeling, and DNA damage signaling via protein kinase and ATPase activities. To investigate whether low ATP culture conditions affect the recruitment of repair proteins at DSB sites, IR-induced foci were examined in the presence of ATP synthesis inhibitors.

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Article Synopsis
  • Deep dermatophytosis is a serious fungal infection that typically affects immunocompromised individuals, linked recently to a deficiency in the CARD9 protein.
  • In a reported case, an 80-year-old Japanese man developed this infection after presenting with skin lesions, leading to severe complications despite antifungal treatment, including the amputation of his left leg.
  • Genetic testing confirmed a specific mutation in the CARD9 gene, highlighting the connection between this deficiency and the exacerbated fungal infection.
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  • Infancy associated eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (I-EPF) is a variant of eosinophilic pustular folliculitis that occurs in children and shows distinct clinical and histological differences from classic EPF.
  • A study of two patients with I-EPF treated with topical indomethacin revealed unique patterns of eosinophilic infiltration compared to classic EPF, specifically less perifollicular and more perivascular infiltration.
  • Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that both I-EPF and classic EPF have CD4-dominant T cells, but classic EPF has significantly more CD68-positive cells; HPGDS-positive cells that promote eosinophil activity were also
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The chemokine CCL21 regulates immune and cancer cell migration through its receptor CCR7. The gene encodes the isoform CCL21-Ser, predominantly expressed in the thymic medulla and the secondary lymphoid tissues. This study examined the roles of CCL21-Ser in the antitumor immune response in -knockout (KO) mice.

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CCL21-Ser, a chemokine encoded by the Ccl21a gene, is constitutively expressed in the thymic epithelial cells and stromal cells of secondary lymphoid organs. It regulates immune cell migration and survival through its receptor CCR7. Herein, using CCL21-Ser-expressing melanoma cells and the Ccl21a-deficient mice, we demonstrated the functional role of cancer cell-derived CCL21-Ser in melanoma growth in vivo.

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  • Epidermolytic ichthyosis (EI) is a genetic skin disorder that causes severe skin dryness and scaling due to mutations in KRT1/KRT10, with limited understanding of underlying cytokine profiles and treatment options.
  • This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets by analyzing cytokine levels in serum and skin samples from patients with EI, focusing on the effects of mutant KRT1.
  • Results revealed significantly elevated levels of IL-18 in EI patients, correlating with the severity of their condition, and suggested that mutant keratin may activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, contributing to the disease pathology.
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Although cell-mediated cytotoxicity has been evaluated with various protocols, methods for monitoring cytotoxicity in a time series have not been established. This work describes a method for evaluating cytotoxicity using a multi-chamber real-time luminometer. The efficiency of effector CD8 T-cell expansion from melanoma-bearing splenocytes was analyzed.

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Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia is a rare condition characterized by hypohidrosis, hypodontia, and hypotrichosis. The disease can show X-linked recessive, autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive inheritance trait. Of these, the autosomal forms are caused by mutations in either EDAR or EDARADD.

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Background: Spasticity is evaluated by measuring the increased resistance to passive movement, primarily by manual methods. Few options are available to measure spasticity in the wrist more objectively. Furthermore, no studies have investigated the force attenuation following increased resistance.

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