Individual testimonies to nursing care after the atomic bombing of Hiroshima in 1945.

Aim: The aim of the present research is to clarify the nursing care conducted just before and after the atomic bombing of Hiroshima in 1945.

Methods: Five surviving nurses, who were registered nursing staff at that time in Hiroshima, offered to participate in this research. Individual interviews were conducted in order to obtain the information concerning the nursing activities in the disaster-stricken areas.

Structural visualization of highly-specialized practice on nursing and midwifery: Nurse-midwife's monitoring and caring during labor and delivery.

Structural visualization was implemented on nurse-midwife's care during labor and delivery, requiring highly-specialized practice on nursing and midwifery. From discussion about our former researches and literature review, and using an algorithm notion method, we made an algorithm of the monitoring and caring process by the nurse-midwife. It is thought that the visualization of nursing and midwifery practice and the thinking processes of expert nurse-midwives which have not been expressly stated previously can become a foundation for more advanced nursing care throughout the profession.