Extraneural metastasis of high grade glioma without simultaneous central nervous system recurrence: case report.

A 21-year-old man presented with extraneural metastases to the peritoneum, pleura, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and other organs from a pulvinar high grade glioma. He had undergone a shunt operation and three tumor removals during a 6-year period. He also received radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy with 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride and interferon-beta.

[A case of subdural hematoma associated with dural metastasis of lung cancer].

A 62-year-old male developed headache, restlessness and left hemiparesis three months after being diagnosed with advanced lung cancer. Computed tomography on admission revealed a crescent-shaped, mixed intensity area in the right fronto-parietal subdural region and multiple tumors in the brain parenchyma. Under a diagnosis of chronic subdural hematoma and multiple brain metastases due to lung carcinoma, burr hole irrigation was performed.

Resection of arteriovenous malformation in the middle cerebellar peduncle by a posterior transpetrosal approach: illustration of a case and correlative microsurgical anatomy.

Background: Lesions located in the posterolateral brain stem, particularly the middle cerebellar peduncle, have presented surgeons with a challenge associated with significant morbidity.

Methods: We present a case of a 20-year-old woman who had a hematoma in the right middle cerebellar peduncle with a ventricular rupture. Angiography revealed an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) located in the same portion, extending from the lateral surface near the entry zone of the trigeminal nerve to the paraventricular area of the fourth ventricle, which was completely resected through a posterior transpetrosal approach.

[Autopsy findings of meningitis associated with multiple brain infarctions in two adult patients].

Cerebrovascular complications of meningitis have been extensively documented in the literature. It is little known, however, that paroxysmal, devastating, and potentially fatal complications can occur when the early signs of infection are subtle and missed. We describe the clinical course and neuropathological findings of the occurrence of brain infarctions during two atypical clinical courses of meningitis.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the brain. A rare autopsy case.

In the present study, a rare autopsy case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the brain is described. The patient was a 49-year-old man who showed brainstem symptoms and signs. These included oculomotor, abducens and facial palsies, dysphagia, dysarthria, and long tract signs such as quadriplegia with Babinski's signs during the 3-year and 6-month course of his illness.

Free perforator flap for the treatment of defects after resection of huge arteriovenous malformations in the head and neck regions.

The authors report two cases of huge arteriovenous malformations in the head and neck regions treated successfully with preoperative superselective transarterial embolization and resection followed by a free perforator flap transfer. Based on the authors' previous cases, en block mass resection of the malformation was possible with bleeding of less than 150 ml. The massive defects could be repaired with free perforator flaps using an anterolateral thigh flap and a deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap.

L-type high voltage-gated calcium channels cause an increase in diazepam binding inhibitor mRNA expression after sustained exposure to ethanol in mouse cerebral cortical neurons.

Mechanisms for increase in diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI) mRNA expression after sustained exposure to ethanol (EtOH) were investigated. Increases in 30 mM KCl-induced [45Ca(2+)] influx and DBI mRNA expression after EtOH (50 mM) exposure for 3 days were completely abolished by nifedipine, but not by omega-agatoxin VIA and omega-conotoxin GIVA. These results indicate that EtOH-induced increase in DBI mRNA expression is mediated via increased Ca(2+) entry through up-regulated L-type high voltage-gated calcium channels.

Gross total removal of gliomas in the pulvinar and correlative microsurgical anatomy.

Tumors in the pulvinar tend to present as circumscribed lesions with exophytic growth into the lateral and third ventricles. These lesions may be best explored via a parietal-transcortical-transventricular approach. If the tumor extends posteriorly or inferiorly, a posterior-interhemispheric-transtentorial approach may provide a good angle of access.