Formation of specific dipolar microenvironments complementary to dipolar betaine dye by nonionic peptide lipids in nonpolar medium.

This paper describes the host-guest interaction between nonionic peptide lipids and solvatochromic dipolar betaine dyes in nonpolar aprotic organic solvent. We have serendipitously found that the colour of Reichardt's Dye (referred to as ET(30) hereafter, although the term ET(30) has been used as a polarity parameter) in chlorobenzene unusually blue-shifted in the presence of L-glutamic acid-derived peptide lipid 1 with a benzyloxycarbonylated Gly headgroup. Since it is widely accepted that ET(30) shows negative solvatochromism, i.

Molecular structural requirements, dye specificity, and application of anionic peptide amphiphiles that induce intense fluorescence in cationic dyes.

We have previously reported that a double-chain anionic amphiphile capable of intermolecular triple hydrogen bonds could form extremely hydrophobic sites in water and specifically incorporated stilbazolium-based compact hemicyanine dyes as monomeric species, resulting in induction of intense fluorescence emission in the dyes. In this paper, the structural requirements of the intense fluorescence-inducing amphiphiles were investigated. It is noted that the introduction of beta-Ala residues into two long-chain alkyl group moieties was most effective for the amphiphiles derived from L-glutamic acid with relatively shorter side-chain methylenes.

High-loading nanosized micelles of copoly(styrene-maleic acid)-zinc protoporphyrin for targeted delivery of a potent heme oxygenase inhibitor.

Amphiphilic styrene-maleic acid (SMA) copolymer efficiently formed micelles with a potent heme oxygenase inhibitor-zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP). The micelles were constructed by subtle pH adjustments to form non-covalent interaction between the hydrophobic ZnPP and amphiphilic SMA. The micelles (SMA-ZnPP) thus formed were nanoparticles with narrow size distribution in water (mean diameter 176.

Intense fluorescence-inducing amphiphile in cationic dyes and its applicability.

An anionic amphiphile has been found to form extremely hydrophobic sites in water and specifically incorporate stilbazolium-based compact hemicyanine dyes as monomeric species, resulting in induction of intense fluorescence emission.