Undetermined Ruptured Low-Grade Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasm Following High-Energy Blunt Abdominal Trauma Requiring Emergency Laparotomy.

Blunt abdominal trauma causing intraperitoneal injury and/or bleeding can be life-threatening, requiring immediate intervention. Diagnosing these cases can be challenging, especially when pre-existing conditions are involved. Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN) is a rare tumor of the appendix that can lead to pseudomyxoma peritonei.

Cross-cultural adaptation, validity and reliability of the Japanese version of ABILHAND-kids for children with cerebral palsy using Rasch measurement model.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop the Japanese version of the ABILHAND-Kids and to examine its psychometric properties for Japanese children with cerebral palsy (CP).

Methods: The experimental version of 75 items was developed using forward-backward translation method. Parents of 137 children with CP answered it.

Diagnostic Ultrasound: On-Site Diagnosis of Type B Aortic Dissection During Cataract Surgery.

We report a case of aortic dissection occurring during cataract surgery under local anesthesia, which was diagnosed on-site by point-of-care ultrasound. Intimal flaps were detected in the abdominal aorta, whereas the parasternal view showed no abnormalities in the aortic root or left ventricular function. According to these ultrasound findings, a Stanford type B aortic dissection was more likely than a type A aortic dissection, and imminent death was unlikely.

Treatment patterns and clinician stress related to care of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with a do not attempt resuscitation order.

Objective: This research investigated treatment patterns for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with Do Not Attempt Resuscitation orders in Japanese emergency departments and the associated clinician stress.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at 9 hospitals in Okayama, Japan, targeting emergency department nurses and physicians. The questionnaire inquired about the last treated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patient with a Do Not Attempt Resuscitation.

Clinicopathologic differences of gastric neoplasms between Helicobacter pylori-infected and -naïve patients: a multicenter retrospective analysis.

Background: The incidence of gastric neoplasms in Helicobacter pylori (Hp)-naïve patients has recently increased due to a remarkable decrease in the Hp-infected population in Japan. We investigated the clinicopathologic differences between Hp-infected gastric neoplasms (HpIGNs) and Hp-naïve gastric neoplasms (HpNGNs) that have not been fully elucidated so far.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter study investigated 966 consecutive patients with 1131 gastric dysplasia or cancers who underwent endoscopic or surgical treatment for the recent decade.

An 83-year-old patient with RET fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer experiencing severe hepatic disorder due to selpercatinib administration.

An 83-year-old woman with RET fusion-positive advanced lung adenocarcinoma was administered selpercatinib 320 mg/day. Despite the shrinking of the tumour, fever, fatigue, and anorexia developed on day 17. Selpercatinib administration was interrupted.

Effect of symbiotic N fixation on leaf protein contents, protein degradation and nitrogen resorption during leaf senescence in temperate deciduous woody species.

Nitrogen (N) resorption from senescing leaves enables plants to reuse N, making them less dependent on current N uptake from the environment, leading to higher fitness, particularly under low N supply. Species that form a symbiotic association with N-fixing bacteria have not evolved proficient N resorption, i.e.

Emotional work stress reactions of emergency medical technicians involved in transporting out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with "do not attempt resuscitation" orders.

Background: Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) may be subjected to emotional stress during patient treatment/transport. In Japan, dispatched EMTs must attempt resuscitation in all cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), including patients with "do not attempt resuscitation" (DNAR) orders and patients whose families do not support resuscitation. We described the characteristics, prevalence, and outcomes of OHCA/DNAR patients, and aimed to identify factors associated with EMT stress when treating them.

PRRX1 induced by BMP signaling decreases tumorigenesis by epigenetically regulating glioma-initiating cell properties via DNA methyltransferase 3A.

Glioma-initiating cells (GICs), a major source of glioblastoma recurrence, are characterized by the expression of neural stem cell markers and the ability to grow by forming nonadherent spheres under serum-free conditions. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), members of the transforming growth factor-β family, induce differentiation of GICs and suppress their tumorigenicity. However, the mechanisms underlying the BMP-induced loss of GIC stemness have not been fully elucidated.

Visualization of the cancer cell cycle by tissue-clearing technology using the Fucci reporter system.

Tissue-clearing technology is an emerging imaging technique currently utilized not only in neuroscience research but also in cancer research. In our previous reports, tissue-clearing methods were used for the detection of metastatic tumors. Here, we showed that the cell cycles of primary and metastatic tumors were visualized by tissue-clearing methods using a reporter system.

Anti-pyroptotic function of TGF-β is suppressed by a synthetic dsRNA analogue in triple negative breast cancer cells.

Development of innovative therapeutic modalities would address an unmet clinical need in the treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Activation of retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) such as melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) and RIG-I in cancer cells is suggested to suppress tumor progression by inducing cell death. Transfection of polyI:C, a conventionally used synthetic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) analogue that activates RLRs, has been evaluated in clinical trials.

BMP signaling is a therapeutic target in ovarian cancer.

BMP signaling has been found to have tumor-promoting as well as tumor-suppressing effects in different types of tumors. In this study, we investigated the effects of BMP signaling and of BMP inhibitors on ovarian cancer (OC) cells in vitro and in vivo. High expression of BMP receptor 2 (BMPR2) correlated with poor overall survival of OC patients in the TCGA dataset.

Species-specific nitrogen resorption proficiency in legumes and nonlegumes.

Nitrogen (N) resorption from senescing leaves enables plants to reuse N, thereby making them less dependent on current N uptake from the environment. Therefore, N resorption is important for survival and fitness, particularly for plants growing under low N supply. We studied N resorption from senescing leaves of 25 legumes and 25 nonlegumes in a temperate region of Japan to test the hypothesis that high N resorption has not evolved in legumes that fix atmospheric N.

Higher enhanced computed tomography attenuation value of the aorta is a predictor of massive transfusion in blunt trauma patients.

Objective: Several scoring systems have been developed to identify patients who require massive transfusion (MT) after major trauma to improve survival. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the usefulness of enhanced computed tomography attenuation values (CTAVs) of major vessels to determine the need for MT in patients with major blunt trauma.

Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study evaluated patients aged 16 years or older who underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan of the torso after major blunt trauma.

Tyrosine kinase Eph receptor A6 sensitizes glioma-initiating cells towards bone morphogenetic protein-induced apoptosis.

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling plays important roles in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a lethal form of brain tumor. BMP reduces GBM tumorigenicity through its differentiation- and apoptosis-inducing effects on glioma-initiating cells (GIC). However, some GIC do not respond to the tumor suppressive effects of BMP.

Image quality of a novel light-emitting diode (LED)-illuminated colonoscope.

Background And Study Aims: Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are used widely for their high luminous efficiency and durability. We developed a novel prototype high definition endoscope with white LEDs and evaluated the image quality it produced against a commercial endoscope with conventional light source.

Patients And Methods: The specifications of both colonoscopes were identical, except for the LED light source at the tip of the prototype.

Utility of computed tomographic enteroclysis/enterography for the assessment of mucosal healing in Crohn's disease.

Aim. When determining therapeutic strategy, it is important to diagnose small intestinal lesions in Crohn's disease (CD) precisely and to evaluate mucosal healing as well as clinical remission in CD. The purpose of this study was to compare findings from computed tomographic enteroclysis/enterography (CTE) with those from the mucosal surface and to determine whether the state of mucosal healing can be determined by CTE.

Effect of capsule placement with transnasal endoscopy.

Aim: One of the prohibiting factors in achieving complete small bowel capsule endoscopy is slow gastric transit of the capsule. The present study retrospectively investigated the success rate of, and the time required for, transnasal endoscope-assisted capsule placement to assess its clinical utility.

Methods: In 24 of 27 patients who underwent capsule placement assisted by a transnasal endoscope, the capsule was successfully transported to and released in the duodenum (capsule placement group).

Correlations between obesity/metabolic syndrome-related factors and risk of developing colorectal tumors.

Background/aims: Colorectal cancer/adenoma development may correlate with obesity/metabolic syndrome in the Japanese. We sought to clarify the relation between colorectal adenoma prevalence and various factors to develop a better colorectal tumor screening strategy.

Methodology: Of 2668 patients who underwent colonoscopy, medical records of 837 patients (467 men, 370 women; age, 40-80 years) with available data on measured values of body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percentage, and prior history of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia were reviewed and analyzed.

Preoperative evaluation of early colorectal cancer using an ultrasound mini probe.

Background/aims: We investigated whether endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) can assess the depth of invasion of early colorectal cancer exhibiting the V pit pattern on magnifying endoscopy with submucosal invasion of 1,000 μm or deeper.

Methodology: Among 38 colorectal tumors exhibiting the V pit pattern on magnifying endoscopy, the findings on EUS with a mini-probe (15 MHz) were compared with histopathological findings. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of EUS were examined separately in tumors exhibiting the Vi or V5 pit pattern.

[PTCH1 gene analysis in 25 Japanese patients with Gorlin syndrome].

Gorlin syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by congenital anomalies and tumorigenesis. The gene responsible for Gorlin syndrome is PTCH1, a human homologue of the Drosophila segment polarity gene, patched. We analysed the PTCH1 gene in 25 patients in 22 families with Gorlin syndrome.

[Clinical manifestations in 25 Japanese patients with Gorlin syndrome].

We investigated the clinical manifestations of 25 Japanese patients with Gorlin syndrome. We revealed the frequencies of major five symptoms in Japanese Gorlin syndrome patients, i.e.