Resveratrol promotes autophagosome elimination via SIRT1 in cardiomyocytes.

The processes of autophagy, including autophagosome formation, fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes, and degradation of autophagosomes by lysosomes, are regulated by various mechanisms. We recently found that treatment with resveratrol, an activator of the NAD-dependent protein deacetylase Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), in a mouse model prevented autophagosome accumulation in the heart with high mTORC1 activity. In this study, we investigated whether SIRT1 mediates the effects of resveratrol on autophagosome elimination using a cardiomyocyte model.

Prognostic implication of sarcopenia diagnosed by updated Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria in older patients with heart failure: Utility and limitation.

Objectives: The utility of the updated Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria in diagnosing sarcopenia in older patients with heart failure (HF) remains unclear.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and prognostic impact of sarcopenia diagnosed by the updated AWGS criteria in older patients with HF.

Design: Ambispective cohort study.

Adverse plasma branched-chain amino acid profile mirrors fatty muscle degeneration in diabetic heart failure patients.

Aims: Elevated plasma branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are tightly linked to incident diabetes and its complications, while lower BCAAs are associated with adverse outcomes in the elderly and heart failure (HF) patients. The interplay between body compositions and plasma BCAAs, especially under the influence of co-morbid diabetes in HF patients, is not well understood. Here, we examined the impact of diabetes on the prognostic value of plasma BCAA and its association with body compositions in HF patients.

Associations between in-hospital daily protein intake and adverse clinical outcomes in older patients with heart failure.

Aims: The adverse effects of low daily protein intake (DPI) on clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF) are known; however, an optimal DPI to predict event adverse outcomes remains undetermined. Moreover, whether protein restriction therapy for chronic kidney disease is applicable in patients with HF and renal dysfunction remains unclear.

Methods And Results: In this single-centre, ambispective cohort study, we included 405 patients with HF aged ≥65 years (mean age, 78.

Relationship between serum iron level and physical function in heart failure patients is lost by presence of diabetes.

Aims: Iron deficiency (ID) is common in patients with heart failure (HF) and is reportedly associated with exercise intolerance and impaired quality of life. Iron supplementation therapy in HF patients with ID improves exercise capacity. Conversely, protective roles of iron depletion in the development of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications have been proposed.

Optimal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level to prevent sarcopenia in patients with heart failure: Insights from a dose-response relationship.

Background And Aims: Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 [OH]D) levels have been associated with sarcopenia, frailty, and risk of cardiovascular disease, whereas high levels negatively impact clinical outcomes. We determined optimal serum 25(OH)D concentrations to minimise the probability of sarcopenia in patients with heart failure (HF) by examining the dose-dependent relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and sarcopenia.

Methods And Results: We enrolled 461 consecutive patients with HF (mean age, 72 ± 15 years; 39% female) who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Independent Link Between Use of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists and Muscle Wasting in Heart Failure Patients Not Receiving Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors.

Background: The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activation is a proposed mechanism of muscle wasting (MW i.e., reduction in muscle mass).

Circulating level of β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA), a novel myokine-like molecule, is inversely associated with fat mass in patients with heart failure.

Results of experimental studies have shown that β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA), an exercise-induced myokine-like molecule, is an endogenous negative regulator of fat mass in mice, but it remains unclear whether that is the case in humans, though an enhanced BAIBA concentration in patients receiving sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors was found in our recent study. The objective of this study was to analyze the determinants of circulating BAIBA concentration in humans, with focus on the possible link between circulating BAIBA and body composition including fat mass. Data for 188 consecutive patients with heart failure (HF, 64 ± 13 years; 70% male) who received a dual energy X ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan for assessment of body composition including fat mass index (FMI) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) were used in this study.

Development and validation of osteoporosis risk assessment score in patients with heart failure: comparison with the osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians.

Aims: Osteoporosis is prevalent and is associated with poor prognosis in patients with heart failure (HF). However, bone mineral density measurement by a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is not always available in a daily clinical setting or large-scale population-based studies.

Methods And Results: A single-centre, cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 387 patients [median age: 77 years (interquartile range: 68-83 years); 37% women].

Impact of Radar Chart-Based Information Sharing in a Multidisciplinary Team on In-Hospital Outcomes and Prognosis in Older Patients With Heart Failure.

A multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach is crucial for managing older patients with heart failure (HF). We investigated the impact on clinical outcomes of implementation of a conference sheet (CS) with an 8-component radar chart for visualizing and sharing patient information. We enrolled 395 older inpatients with HF (median age 79 years [interquartile range 72-85 years]; 47% women) and divided them into 2 groups according to CS implementation: a non-CS group (before CS implementation; n=145) and a CS group (after CS implementation; n=250).

Independent Association Between Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and Muscle Wasting in Patients with Heart Failure: A Single-Center, Ambispective, Observational Study.

Background: Although proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) play a pivotal role in the prevention and treatment of gastric acid-related diseases and gastrointestinal adverse events caused by antiplatelet therapies, the safety of long-term use of PPIs has been questioned.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of use of PPIs on muscle mass and bone mineral density in heart failure (HF) patients.

Methods: This was a single-center, ambispective (combined retrospective and prospective), observational study.

Elevated circulating level of β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA) in heart failure patients with type 2 diabetes receiving sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors.

Aims: The mechanism by which a sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitor (SGLT2i) induces favorable effects on diabetes and cardiovascular diseases including heart failure (HF) remains poorly understood. Metabolomics including amino acid profiling enables detection of alterations in whole body metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine whether plasma amino acid profiles are modulated by SGLT2i use in HF patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Anthropometric parameters-derived estimation of muscle mass predicts all-cause mortality in heart failure patients.

Aims: Reduction in appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) has been shown to be independently associated with a higher mortality rate in patients with heart failure (HF). However, DEXA is not suitable for measurement of muscle mass in a daily clinical setting and in large population-based studies. The aim of this study was to determine whether ASMI predicted from anthropometric indicators (predicted ASMI) serves as an alternative to DEXA-measured ASMI for predicting all-cause death in HF patients.