Streptococcus suis subsp. hashimotonensis subsp. nov.: Lancefield group A antigen-positive organisms isolated from human clinical specimens and wild boar oral cavity samples.

Three Streptococcus suis-like strains positive for Lancefield antigen group A were isolated from human boar bite wounds and the oral cavities of boars in Hashimoto City, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan, and their taxonomic positions were investigated. Application of the VITEK2 system identified all three isolates as S. suis with > 94 % probability.

Siderophore-producing Pantoea ferrattrahens sp. nov. isolated from a clinical specimen and Pantoea ferramans sp. nov. isolated from soil at the bottom of a pond.

Two Gram-negative facultative anaerobes were isolated from a sepsis patient with pancreatic cancer (strain PAGU 2156 ) and soil at the bottom of a pond (strain PAGU 2198 ), respectively. These two strains formed haloes around the colonies on chrome azurol S agar plates, indicating the production of siderophores. Two isolates assigned to the genus Pantoea based on the 16S rRNA gene were differentiated from established species by using polymorphic taxonomies.

sp. nov., isolated from human clinical specimens.

A Gram-stain-negative, spiral bacterium (PAGU 1991) was isolated from the blood of a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate was very closely related to LMG 23362 (99.1 % similarity), originally isolated from a faecal sample from a healthy horse.

sp. nov., a siderophore-producing bacterium isolated from soil at the bottom of a pond.

Bacterial strain PAGU 2197, which was isolated from soil collected from the bottom of a pond in Japan, is characterized in this study. Cells of strain PAGU 2197 were aerobic, Gram-negative, short rod-shaped, non-motile, flexirubin-producing, oxidase-positive, catalase-positive and lecithinase-negative. A phylogenetic study based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and multilocus sequence analysis (, and ) indicated that strain PAGU 2197 belongs to the genus and is a member of an independent lineage including CCUG 60111 (sequence similarity, 95.

Draft Genome Sequence of Paraclostridium bifermentans subsp. Strain PAGU 1678, Which Exacerbates Pathosis in a Mouse Model of Ulcerative Colitis.

Paraclostridium bifermentans subsp. strain PAGU 1678 was isolated from rat feces and has the ability to exacerbate pathosis in a mouse model of ulcerative colitis. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the 3,471,060-bp chromosome of strain PAGU 1678.

Overexpression of the MexXY Multidrug Efflux System Correlates with Deficient Pyoverdine Production in .

Multidrug-resistant poses a serious problem due to hospital- and healthcare-associated infections. A major drug resistance mechanism of involves active efflux via resistance nodulation cell division (RND)-type multidrug efflux pumps of which MexXY is increasingly recognized as a primary determinant of aminoglycoside resistance in . MexXY overexpression is often observed in drug-resistant clinical isolates.

Fusobacterium watanabei sp. nov. As additional species within the genus Fusobacerium, isolated from human clinical specimens.

Eight spindle-shaped bacteria were isolated from clinical samples in Japan and investigated for their taxonomic position. Phylogenetic trees (based on 16S rRNA, rpoB, zinc protease, and gyrB gene sequence comparisons) showed distinct clustering of eight strains with the type strain of Fusobacterium nucleatum and its closely related species. In silico whole genome comparison analysis based on average nucleotide index based on BLAST (ANIb) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) data between our clinical isolates (PAGU 1795, PAGU 1796, and PAGU 1797) and the type strain of the closely related species showed values of less than 92.

13-(2-Methylbenzyl) Berberine Is a More Potent Inhibitor of MexXY-Dependent Aminoglycoside Resistance than Berberine.

We previously showed that berberine attenuates MexXY efflux-dependent aminoglycoside resistance in . Here, we aimed to synthesize berberine derivatives with higher MexXY inhibitory activities. We synthesized 11 berberine derivatives, of which 13-(2-methylbenzyl) berberine (13-o-MBB) but not its regiomers showed the most promising MexXY inhibitory activity.

Draft Genome Sequences of Two Veillonella tobetsuensis Clinical Isolates from Intraoperative Bronchial Fluids of Elderly Patients with Pulmonary Carcinoma.

To date, has been known as an oral anaerobe and a facilitator of early-stage oral biofilm development with streptococci. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of 2 strains of first isolated from intraoperative bronchial fluids of elderly patients with pulmonary carcinoma.

Description of Paraclostridium bifermentans subsp. muricolitidis subsp. nov., emended description of Paraclostridium bifermentans (Sasi Jyothsna et al., 2016), and creation of Paraclostridium bifermentans subsp. bifermentans subsp. nov.

Taxonomic studies of strain PAGU 1678 , an obligately anaerobic, gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium isolated from biobreeding rat feces, were performed. This strain has been demonstrated to have the ability to exacerbate pathosis in a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene showed high homology with Paraclostridium bifermentans.

Paraclostridium bifermentans exacerbates pathosis in a mouse model of ulcerative colitis.

Although it has been recognized that intestinal bacteria play an important role in the pathology of human ulcerative colitis (UC), specific pathogenic bacteria for UC have not been identified. We investigated the influence of Paraclostridium bifermentans PAGU1678 strain on the pathology of a UC mouse model and found it increased UC pathosis scores such as loose and bloody stools, reduced diversity of fecal flora, disappearance of the crypt structure of distal colon tissue, destruction of intestinal epithelial cells, and atrophy of the colon. Furthermore, we observed an increase in COX-2, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1, and IL-17 expression and a decrease in Foxp3 and SOCS3 expression, as inflammation-related factors and inflammatory cytokines, a decrease in the concentration of short chain fatty acids (acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid) in feces, and an increase of intestinal mucosal myeloperoxidase activity.