Prescription Trends for the Antidiabetic Agents Used to Treat Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Japan from 2012-2020: a Time-Series Analysis.

In April 2014, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i) was introduced in Japan. In May 2015, the prescription limitation for SGLT-2i was lifted. Subsequently, SGLT-2i was shown to reduce cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Impact of breakthrough trials on prescription trends of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in Japan: An interrupted time-series analysis.

What Is Known And Objective: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) have been increasingly prescribed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to investigate the impact of clinical trials presenting remarkable results on the prescription of SGLT-2is and the relationship between the impact and generalisability of the breakthrough trials on SGLT-2is.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study involved 32,949 patients with T2DM who were prescribed at least one antidiabetic agent in the Japan Medical Data Center health insurance database.

Identification of individuals benefiting from the kakaritsuke-yakuzaishi (family pharmacist) system in Japan: a retrospective cohort study using an employment-based health insurance claims database.

Background: The kakaritsuke-yakuzaishi system (henceforth, the family pharmacist system) which provides more health services than those by general pharmaceutical practice, was implemented in Japan in April 2016. To distribute medical resources and medical care expenditures appropriately, identifying the possible major beneficiaries of this system is essential. By analyzing administrative claims data through this retrospective cohort study, we identified modifiers of the potential benefits of the system.

Efficacy and safety of atypical antipsychotics for psychosis in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Introduction: We performed a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis to clarify the relative efficacy and safety of pimavanserin compared to atypical antipsychotics for psychosis in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Japana Centra Revuo Medicina Web were searched for relevant articles until October 31, 2019. Eligible randomized controlled trials were synthesized for efficacy (Brief Psychiatry Rating Scale [BPRS] and Clinical Global Impression Scale [CGI-S]) and safety (Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III [UPDRS-III] and dropouts due to adverse events).

Risk stratification for physical morbidity using factors associated with atypical antipsychotic treatment in Parkinson's disease: A retrospective observational study using administrative claims data.

Evidence shows that atypical antipsychotics (AAPs), a treatment of psychosis in Parkinson's disease (PD), are associated with factors reflecting the severity of the disease. Therefore, we evaluated the applicability of these factors in risk stratification for physical morbidity in PD patients requiring AAPs. We implemented a nested case-control analysis using administrative claims data derived from PD inpatients in 143 National Hospitals in Japan between April 2012 and March 2017.

Prevention of Acute Upper Respiratory Infections by Consumption of Catechins in Healthcare Workers: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Catechins, phytochemicals contained mainly in green tea, exhibit antiviral activity against various acute infectious diseases experimentally. Clinical evidence supporting these effects, however, is not conclusive. We performed a placebo-controlled, single-blind, randomized control trial to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of consumption of catechins-containing beverage for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs).

Comparison of the association of risperidone and quetiapine with deteriorating performance in walking and dressing in subjects with Parkinson's disease: a retrospective cohort study using administrative claims data.

This retrospective cohort study was performed to investigate the association between risperidone and deteriorating performance in walking and dressing in subjects with Parkinson's disease using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination data. These data include inpatient claims including information from the time of admission to discharge from 89 acute phase National Hospitals in Japan. The data were evaluated by implementing the inverse probability of treatment weighting, using propensity scores estimated from the clinical characteristics of subjects prescribed risperidone or quetiapine.

Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphisms Affect the Efficacy of Thiazolidinediones for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Although several studies have evaluated the efficacy of thiazolidinediones (TZD) for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), investigation of the impact of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene polymorphisms on the efficacy of TZD remains insufficient. We investigated the impact by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Japana Centra Revuo Medicina were searched to identify relevant studies based on eligibility criteria.

Comparative Utility of Atypical Antipsychotics for the Treatment of Psychosis in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-analysis.

We performed a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis to determine atypical antipsychotics that are effective and safe for the treatment of psychosis in Parkinson's disease (PD). We conducted a comprehensive literature search using PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Japana Centra Revuo Medicina (Ichu-shi Web). We used randomized controlled trials evaluating the utility of atypical antipsychotics for the treatment of psychosis in PD using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Unified PD rating Scale parts III (UPDRS-III) as the endpoints.

[Behaviors in Response to Adverse Events Associated with Health Food Use: Internet Survey of Consumers, Physicians and Pharmacists].

Adverse events associated with health food use appear to be quite common. Nevertheless, even though severe adverse events should be reported to the Japanese government via public health centers, the number of cases reported is relatively small. To clarify this discrepancy and to understand how consumers and physicians act when they or their patients develop adverse events due to health food use, we conducted an internet questionnaire with consumers (preliminary survey: n=44,649; full survey: n=3,000), physicians (n=500), and pharmacists (n=500).

Safety Profile of Telaprevir-Based Triple Therapy in Elderly Patients: A Real-World Retrospective Cohort Study.

To compare the rate of treatment discontinuation due to adverse events for telaprevir-based triple (T/PR) and pegylated interferon-alfa-2b and ribavirin (PR) therapy for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in patients over the age of 65 years, in Japan. Retrospective analysis of the health data of patients over the age of 65 years treated for a HCV infection genotype 1 using T/PR or PR therapy, from 38 prefectures in Japan. The primary outcome was the rate of treatment discontinuation due to adverse events for T/PR and PR.

Risk Factors for Treatment Discontinuation Caused by Adverse Events When Using Telaprevir, Peginterferon, and Ribavirin to Treat Chronic Hepatitis C: A Real-World Retrospective Cohort Study.

In this study, a nationwide database was used to identify the risk factors for treatment discontinuation due to adverse events during telaprevir, peginterferon, and ribavirin (T/PR) treatment, and estimate the increase in the occurrence of adverse events when patients have multiple risk factors at the same time. The risk factors were identified using univariate logistic regression analysis, and a Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to analyze the correlation between the number of risk factors and treatment discontinuation due to adverse events. Of the 25989 individuals registered in the database, 1668 (age, mean±standard deviation (S.

The Safety Profile of Telaprevir-Based Triple Therapy in Clinical Practice: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

This study was designed to evaluate the safety profile of adding telaprevir to therapy using pegylated interferon-alfa-2b and ribavirin (PR) using real world patient data obtained from a nationwide Japanese interferon database. This retrospective cohort study compared telaprevir-based triple therapy (T/PR) with PR therapy. The study population comprised patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C represented in the database between December 2009 and August 2015.