Collegiate Wrestler With a Bicuspid Aortic Valve and Aortic Dilation.

Bicuspid aortic valve and aortopathy are generally considered contraindications to isometric exercise. For athletes with mild disease at low risk of adverse events, a shared decision-making approach for continued sports participation is reasonable. We present a case of a collegiate wrestler with bicuspid aortic valve and aortopathy to illustrate shared decision making.

Garlic and Its Bioactive Compounds: Implications for Methane Emissions and Ruminant Nutrition.

Methane (CH) emission from enteric fermentation of ruminant livestock is a source of greenhouse gases (GHG) and has become a significant concern for global warming. Enteric methane emission is also associated with poor feed efficiency. Therefore, research has focused on identifying dietary mitigation strategies to decrease CH emissions from ruminants.

Fijian Veterinarian and Para-Veterinarians' Behavior, Attitude and Knowledge Toward Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance: A Qualitative Study.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health issue affecting humans and livestock. Reduction in antimicrobial use (AMU) and appropriate use of antimicrobials in livestock production systems have been encouraged. Lack of access to qualified veterinarians, policies regulating AMU and knowledge of AMU and AMR have been identified as drivers of inappropriate AMU behavior in developing countries.

Acute pericarditis after atrial fibrillation ablation: Incidence, characteristics, and risk factors.

Background: Little is known about the incidence and risk factors for the development of acute pericarditis after ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF).

Objective: The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to describe the occurrence of and associations with suspected acute pericarditis after AF ablation.

Methods: All patients undergoing AF ablation in our center were enrolled in a prospectively maintained registry.

Factors Associated with Antimicrobial Use in Fijian Livestock Farms.

Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes in human health and livestock production are vital to tackling antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Data on antimicrobial use (AMU), resistance, and drivers for AMU in livestock are needed to inform AMS efforts. However, such data are limited in Fiji.

Fijian Farmers' Attitude and Knowledge Towards Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance in Livestock Production Systems-A Qualitative Study.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health issue affecting humans and livestock. To mitigate AMR risks, responsible use of antimicrobials in livestock production systems have been advocated. Studies have reported patterns of antimicrobial use (AMU) in livestock production systems; however, there is limited information on the drivers of AMU and AMR.

Categorisation of Antimicrobial Use in Fijian Livestock Production Systems.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global threat to human and animal health. The use of antimicrobials in the livestock sector is considered to contribute to AMR. Therefore, a reduction in and prudent use of antimicrobials in livestock production systems have been advocated.

The effect of stocking rate and supplementary selenium on the fatty acid composition and subsequent peroxidisability of poultry muscle tissues.

Selenium (Se) plays a crucial role in protecting biological materials from oxidative damage through the action of the selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the effectiveness of this protection is often dependent upon Se supply. Recent evidence has indicated that GSH-Px mRNA expression can be upregulated in response to potential oxidative damage risk, and that this upregulation is independent of Se supply. The current study aimed to determine the effect of Se supplementation, stocking rate and tissue fatty acid profile on GSH-Px activity in breast and thigh tissue of commercial broilers.

Quantification of antimicrobial use in Fijian livestock farms.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to humans and animals globally. Antimicrobial stewardship has been acknowledged as a primary strategy to tackle AMR. An important first step for antimicrobial stewardship is to quantify antimicrobial use (AMU).

The effect of Candida famata and Lactobacillus plantarum on the number of coliforms and the antibiotic resistance and virulence of Escherichia coli in the gut of broilers.

This study was undertaken to determine the effect of a yeast (Candida famata) and a bacterium (Lactobacillus plantarum), administered alone or in combination in the drinking water, on the population of yeast, Lactobacillus sp. and coliforms, and the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and virulence genes in Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from digesta samples taken throughout the life of broiler chickens.

Bedside Manner 2020: An Inventory of Best Practices.

Bedside manner, a doctor's deportment with a patient, encompasses all aspects of the patient interaction, including all verbal and nonverbal communication strategies. Bedside manner can be a powerful adjunct for healing. In academic medical centers, trainees generally learn bedside manner by observing their attendings and mentors-in other words, as part of the "hidden curriculum.

Assessment of the anti-pathogenic effects of condensed tannin extracts using scanning electron microscopy.

Two different types of condensed tannins (CTs), which were extracted and purified from tilia (Tilia L.) and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), were studied and tested against two kinds of bacteria, including Gram-negative and Gram-positive, avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S.

Comparison of different dietary sources of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on immune response in broiler chickens.

The study aims to research the effects of varied dietary sources of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on the immune response in broiler chickens with stress on natural killer (NK) cell activity. Diets supplemented with one of the four sources of n-3 PUFA: linseed oil-, echium oil-, fish oil (FO) or algal biomass-enriched diets at levels of 18, 18, 50 and 15 g/kg fresh weight, were provided for one-d-old male Ross 308 broilers, totaling 340 in number, until they were slaughtered. The analyses included total lipid profile using gas chromatography (GC) for plasma, spleen, thymus, and blood.

Antimicrobial in vitro activities of condensed tannin extracts on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli.

Condensed tannins (CTs), which extracted from yew leaves, tilia flower and black locust leaves, were examined for their antimicrobial in vitro activity against avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). Past research demonstrated that CTs which contain procyanidins and prodelphinidins that could inhibit the growth of a wide range of bacteria. However, there is no information on how these affect pathogenic bacteria from chickens such as APEC.

Bioefficacy of hydroxy-selenomethionine as a selenium supplement in pregnant dairy heifers and on the selenium status of their calves.

This study aimed to determine the effects of supplementing pregnant heifers with the organic selenium (Se) source 2-hydroxy-4-methylselenobutanoic acid (HMSeBA) during the last 8 wk of pregnancy on dam and calf Se status. A total of 42 in-calf heifers were recruited to the study and randomly allocated to 1 of 3 treatments; a negative control (Con), sodium selenite (NaSe), or HMSeBA. Animals were blocked by body weight, body condition score, and expected calving date before treatment allocation.

A deterministic evaluation of heat stress mitigation and feed cost under climate change within the smallholder dairy sector.

In the global South, dairying is often promoted as a means of poverty alleviation. Yet, under conditions of climate warming, little is known regarding the ability of small-scale dairy producers to maintain production and/or the robustness of possible adaptation options in meeting the challenges presented, particularly heat stress. The authors created a simple, deterministic model to explore the influence of breed and heat stress relief options on smallholder dairy farmers in Odisha, India.

Intraislet Pancreatic Ducts Can Give Rise to Insulin-Positive Cells.

A key question in diabetes research is whether new β-cells can be derived from endogenous, nonendocrine cells. The potential for pancreatic ductal cells to convert into β-cells is a highly debated issue. To date, it remains unclear what anatomical process would result in duct-derived cells coming to exist within preexisting islets.

In utero intra-cardiac tomato-lectin injections on mouse embryos to gauge renal blood flow.

The formation and perfusion of developing renal blood vessels (apart from glomeruli) are greatly understudied. As vasculature develops via angiogenesis (which is the branching off of major vessels) and vasculogenesis (de novo vessel formation), perfusion mapping techniques such as resin casts, in vivo ultrasound imaging, and micro-dissection have been limited in demonstrating the intimate relationships between these two processes and developing renal structures within the embryo. Here, we describe the procedure of in utero intra-cardiac ultrasound-guided FITC-labeled tomato lectin microinjections on mouse embryos to gauge the ontogeny of renal perfusion.

Effect of milk type and processing on iodine concentration of organic and conventional winter milk at retail: implications for nutrition.

Milk is the largest source of iodine in UK diets and an earlier study showed that organic summer milk had significantly lower iodine concentration than conventional milk. There are no comparable studies with winter milk or the effect of milk fat class or heat processing method. Two retail studies with winter milk are reported.

Renal blood flow and oxygenation drive nephron progenitor differentiation.

During kidney development, the vasculature develops via both angiogenesis (branching from major vessels) and vasculogenesis (de novo vessel formation). The formation and perfusion of renal blood vessels are vastly understudied. In the present study, we investigated the regulatory role of renal blood flow and O2 concentration on nephron progenitor differentiation during ontogeny.

Ablation of the renal stroma defines its critical role in nephron progenitor and vasculature patterning.

The renal stroma is an embryonic cell population located in the cortex that provides a structural framework as well as a source of endothelial progenitors for the developing kidney. The exact role of the renal stroma in normal kidney development hasn't been clearly defined. However, previous studies have shown that the genetic deletion of Foxd1, a renal stroma specific gene, leads to severe kidney malformations confirming the importance of stroma in normal kidney development.

Specific transduction and labeling of pancreatic ducts by targeted recombinant viral infusion into mouse pancreatic ducts.

Specific labeling of pancreatic ducts has proven to be quite difficult. Such labeling has been highly sought after because of the power it would confer to studies of pancreatic ductal carcinogenesis, as well as studies of the source of new insulin-producing β-cells. Cre-loxp recombination could, in theory, lineage-tag pancreatic ducts, but results have been conflicting, mainly due to low labeling efficiencies.

Fatty acid composition of cooked chicken meat and chicken meat products as influenced by price range at retail.

The primary objective was to determine fatty acid composition of skinless chicken breast and leg meat portions and chicken burgers and nuggets from the economy price range, standard price range (both conventional intensive rearing) and the organic range from four leading supermarkets. Few significant differences in the SFA, MUFA and PUFA composition of breast and leg meat portions were found among price ranges, and supermarket had no effect. No significant differences in fatty acid concentrations of economy and standard chicken burgers were found, whereas economy chicken nuggets had higher C16:1, C18:1 cis, C18:1 trans and C18:3 n-3 concentrations than had standard ones.

Effect of n-3 fatty acids on immune function in broiler chickens.

There is interest in the enrichment of poultry meat with long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in order to increase the consumption of these fatty acids by humans. However, there is concern that high levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may have detrimental effects on immune function in chickens. The effect of feeding increasing levels of fish oil (FO) on immune function was investigated in broiler chickens.