A case of severe acute respiratory failure after elective abdominoplasty.

Surgical correction of abdominal muscle diastasis may decrease intra-abdominal volume and increase intra-abdominal pressure. The induced changes may ultimately lead to respiratory compromise. In abdominoplasty, one of the most frequently performed esthetic procedures, those changes are believed to be transient and clinically insignificant.

Intravenous lidocaine infusion in a case of severe COVID-19 infection.

A subset of patients with COVID-19 develops a severe inflammatory response that may lead to respiratory and multiorgan failure. Effective treatment strategies to mitigate or interrupt this self-destructive inflammatory process are limited. The local anesthetic lidocaine has anti-inflammatory properties in addition to its analgesic, antiarrhythmic, and sedating effects that may be beneficial in critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Selection of the optimal respiratory muscle training mode in patients with class II-III chronic heart failure.

Aim To study the effect of various types of respiratory muscle training (RMT) in patients with functional class (FC) II-III chronic heart failure (CHF) and more than 70% preserved diaphragm muscle mass.Material and methods 53 patients (28 men and 25 women) aged 50-75 years with NYHA FC II-III ischemic heart disease (IHD) and arterial hypertension with more than 70% preserved diaphragm muscle mass of >70% were randomized to one of four RMT types: static loads, dynamic loads, their combination, and breathing without applied resistance as a control. Peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak) and maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) were evaluated at baseline and in 6 months.

Neutrophil Functions in Immunodeficiency Due to DOCK8 Deficiency.

Neutrophil chemotactic defects have been reported previously in patients with hyper-IgE syndrome. Bi-allelic mutations in dedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8) gene usually cause an autosomal recessive hyper-IgE syndrome phenotype. Data are lacking about expression of DOCK8 protein in neutrophils or the possible role of DOCK8 in neutrophil function.

[Malnutrition: from pathogenesis to current methods for diagnosis and treatment].

Progressive weight loss is a frequent companion to somatic pathology. The risk of death is known to increase dramatically among those with a body mass index of less than 19 kg/m. Even mild weight loss in the presence of severe diseases can have a substantial impact on the course of the disease.

Protecting the Brain With Xenon Anesthesia for Neurosurgical Procedures.

Xenon possesses some, but not all, of the clinical features of an ideal anesthetic agent. Besides well-known advantages of rapid awakening, stable hemodynamics and lack of biotransformation, preclinical data lead to the expectation of xenon's advantageous use for settings of acute ongoing brain injury; a single randomized clinical trial using an imaging biomarker for assessing brain injury corroborated xenon's preclinical efficacy in protecting the brain from further injury. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms and hence the putative applications of xenon for brain protection in neurosurgery.

[Prognostic role of body composition in patients with pneumonia associated with decompensated CHF].

Aim: To evaluate the effect of body composition on prediction of community-acquired pneumonia caused by Str. pneumoniae in patients with decompensated CHF.

Materials And Methods: The study included 216 patients.

Mutations in STN1 cause Coats plus syndrome and are associated with genomic and telomere defects.

The analysis of individuals with telomere defects may shed light on the delicate interplay of factors controlling genome stability, premature aging, and cancer. We herein describe two Coats plus patients with telomere and genomic defects; both harbor distinct, novel mutations in STN1, a member of the human CTC1-STN1-TEN1 (CST) complex, thus linking this gene for the first time to a human telomeropathy. We characterized the patients' phenotype, recapitulated it in a zebrafish model and rescued cellular and clinical aspects by the ectopic expression of wild-type STN1 or by thalidomide treatment.

[Neurosurgery in a patient on dual antiplatelet therapy. Case report and the review of the literature].

Introduction: A neurosurgical intervention in a patient on dual antiplatelet therapy is a serious challenge for both the neurosurgeon and anesthesiologist..

Material And Methods: The article describes a clinical case of a successful urgent neurosurgical intervention (ventriculoperitoneostomy for obstructive hydrocephalus caused by a large meningioma of the posterior surface of the petrous pyramid) in a patient on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAT) due to a recently placed coronary stent.

[First Open Study of Syndrome of Acute Decompensation of Heart Failure and Concomitant diseases in Russian Federation: Independent Registry ORAKUL].

Aim of the study was to assess mortality and rate of repetitive hospital admissions on days 30, 90, 180, 360, of observation as well as prevalence of concomitant diseases in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). The register was formed in 41 centers of 20 cities of Russian Federation. Number of included patients with signs of chronic heart failure (CHF) was 2498.

[First Open Study of Syndrome of Acute Decompensation of Heart Failure and Concomitant Diseases in Russian Federation: Independent Registry ORAKUL].

Aim of the study was to assess mortality and rate of repetitive hospital admissions on days 30, 90, 180, 360 of observation as well as prevalence of concomitant diseases in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). The register was formed in 41 centers of 20 cities.

[Intracranial and cerebral perfusion pressure in neurosurgical patients during anaesthesia with xenon].

Despite difficulties in providing xenon anaesthesia, xenon still seems to be attractive for neurosurgical procedures. But data upon its effect on intracranial (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) remains controversial. We monitored ICP and CPP in patients with or without intracranial hypertension during xenon inhalation in different concentrations.

[Coronary artery stents and neurosurgery: choosing the lesser of two evils].

Patients with coronary artery stents are extremely dependent on antiplatelet therapy whose discontinuation may lead to stent thrombosis with major cardiac adverse events. In neurosurgery chronic antiplatelet medications uptake is supposed to be the major factor of postoperative intracranial hematoma associated with poor outcome and high mortality. Thus planning neurosurgical procedure in patients with coronary stents needs a thorough evaluation of all risk factors pondering possible profit and danger.

[Effects of xenon anesthesia on cerebral blood flow in neurosurgical patients without intracranial hypertension].

Among anesthetic agents used in neurosurgery xenon appears to be the most advantageous. It preserves arterial blood pressure, assures rapid recovery and neuroprotection. But the data is lacking on xenon effect upon cerebral blood flow under anesthetic conditions.

[Monitoring the depth of anesthesia in neurosurgical patients].

The study reports the results of monitoring the depth of anesthesia with BIS technology in 456 neurosurgical patients with different neurosurgical pathology: sub- and supratentorial tumors, aneurisms, arteriovenous malformations, spinal pathology, etc. BIS reflects hypnotic state of the brain during anesthesia in almost all the cases, except for bifon-tal surgical approach when sensor placement is impossible. BIS monitoring of the depth of anesthesia is most advantageous in the following cases: epilepsy surgery, spine surgery with neurophysiological monitoring, awake craniotomy, severe cardiovascular pathology, massive blood loss, neurosurgery in pregnant patients.

[Impact of xenon anesthesia on cerebral oxygenation and metabolism in neurosurgical patients].

In recent years the background for xenon anesthesia implementation in neurosurgery has been created. A variety of researches have been conducted though very few of them concerned xenon effect upon cerebral metabolism. We assessed cerebral oxygenation and cerebral metabolism during propofol anesthesia followed by xenon closed circuit anesthesia in neurosurgical patients.

[Intracranial pressure changes during xenon anesthesia in neurosurgical patients without intracranial hypertention].

Xenon assures rapid awakening and stable hemodynamics, it also has some neuroprotective effect. This is the reason why it may become an anesthetic of choice in neurosurgery. Still there is little and controversial data on its impact upon ICP.

Comparative analysis of the behavioral and biomolecular parameters of four mouse strains.

The use of mice as experimental models in pharmacological and biochemical research began over 100 years ago, during which time different mice strains with specific features were developed. Numerous studies demonstrate that the pharmacological efficacy of various compounds significantly varies among different animal strains, a factor which must be considered when analyzing experimental data. The Sabra strain, developed more than 35 years ago, is widely used for research in Israel but has an unclear origin and is not characterized as well as other strains.

[Acute intracranial hypertension during xenon anesthesia in a patient with a giant brainstem tumor and cerebrospinal fluid flow obstruction: a case report].

Today there are prospects for the wide use of xenon for anesthesia or analgesic sedation in neurosurgical patients, but clinical trials of and experience in using the agent in neurosurgery are scanty. The paper reports the first case of acute intracranial hypertension during xenon anesthesia in a patient with a giant brain base tumor and cerebrospinal fluid flow obstruction in the presence of subcompensated intracranial hypertension. Comparison of intracranial pressure, blood pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, and linear blood flow velocity suggests the nature of the effect of xenon on cerebral vascular tone, cerebral blood flow, and its autoregulation.

[Changes in brain bioelectrical activity during xenon anesthesia in neurosurgical patients].

Xenon is a promising anesthetic agent in neurosurgery. However, there is now little evidence on the effect of xenon at anesthetic concentrations on brain electrical activity, which limits its use in neurosurgical patients. Changes in brain bioelectrical activity were studied in patients with skull base tumors before surgery (conscious ones) and at different stages of xenon anesthesia (after denitrogenization, at 50% xenon concentration in the circuit, at 65% xenon concentration in the circuit, during steady-state xenon anesthesia, and after hyperventilation).

[Successful experience with xenon anesthesia in a patient with dilated cardiomyopathy and intramedullary spinal cord tumor].

The literature contains rare reports on anesthetic maintenance in non-cardiac operations in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and an ejection fraction of less than 30%. Life-saving non-cardiosurgical interventions are performed in these patients since they are associated with a high risk for perioperative complications and fatal outcome. In these cases, anesthetic maintenance is performed with inotropic support; there is frequently a need to use a pacemaker, a cardioverter, or a LV assist device.

[Effects of aggressive therapy with simvastatin in patients with acute coronary syndrome and initially normal level of LDLP cholesterol on cardiovascular outcomes (LAOKOON). Pilot randomized trial].

Aim: To examine anti-inflammatory effect of statins on outcomes of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Material And Methods: The trial included 211 ACS patients without ST elevation at ECG. The patients were followed up for 180 days.