Automated vs. manual coding of neuroimaging reports via natural language processing, using the international classification of diseases, tenth revision.

Objective: Natural language processing (NLP) can generate diagnoses codes from imaging reports. Meanwhile, the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) codes are the United States' standard for billing/coding, which enable tracking disease burden and outcomes. This cross-sectional study aimed to test feasibility of an NLP algorithm's performance and comparison to radiologists' and physicians' manual coding.

Academic Neuroradiology: 2023 Update on Turnaround Time, Financial Recruitment, and Retention Strategies.

The ASNR Neuroradiology Division Chief Working Group's 2023 survey, with responses from 62 division chiefs, provides insights into turnaround times, faculty recruitment, moonlighting opportunities, and academic funds. In emergency cases, 61% aim for a turnaround time of less than 45-60 minutes, with two-thirds meeting this expectation more than 75% of the time. For inpatient CT and MR imaging scans, 54% achieve a turnaround time of 4-8 hours, with three-quarters meeting this expectation at least 50% of the time.

Patient Engagement in Neuroradiology: A Narrative Review and Case Studies.

The field of patient engagement in radiology is evolving and offers ample opportunities for neuroradiologists to become involved. The patient journey can serve as a model that inspires patient engagement initiatives. The patient journey in radiology may be viewed in 5 stages: 1) awareness that an imaging test is needed, 2) considering having a specific imaging test, 3) access to imaging, 4) imaging service delivery, and 5) ongoing care.

Pediatric Acute Toxic Leukoencephalopathy: Prediction of the Clinical Outcome by FLAIR and DWI for Various Etiologies.

Background And Purpose: Pediatric acute toxic leukoencephalopathy is a clinicoradiologic entity comprising various etiologies. This study aimed to identify the MR imaging appearance of pediatric acute toxic leukoencephalopathy from various etiologies and determine whether the etiology correlates with clinical outcome.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the electronic records of patients with pediatric acute toxic leukoencephalopathy younger than 19 years of age who had MR imaging within <2 weeks of presentation, including DWI and FLAIR sequences.

Counterpoint: Conventional Fluoroscopy-Guided Selective Cervical Nerve Root Block-A Safe, Effective, and Efficient Modality in the Hands of an Experienced Proceduralist.

Background And Purpose: The conventional fluoroscopy-guided (CF) selective cervical nerve root block (SCNRB) is being used commonly as a treatment for cervical radicular pain as well as a diagnostic tool. This study aimed to identify any major complications and determine the safety and clinical utility of CF-SCNRB performed in a university hospital and associated outpatient clinics.

Materials And Methods: Two-hundred fifty-four conventional fluoroscopy-guided selective cervical nerve root blocks were retrospectively identified from 2011 to 2018 using a radiology report search tool.

The Central Dot Sign : A Specific Post-gadolinium Enhancement Feature of Intramedullary Spinal Cord Metastases.

Purpose: Peripheral enhancement characteristics on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), namely the rim and flame signs, are specific for intramedullary spinal cord metastases (ISCM) compared to primary cord masses. The study compared the frequency of a novel finding-the central dot sign-in ISCMs versus primary intramedullary masses.

Methods: In this study 45 patients with 64 ISCMs and 64 control patients with 64 primary intramedullary cord masses were investigated and 2 radiologists blinded to lesion type independently evaluated MR images for the presence of a central dot sign: a punctate focus of enhancement in/near the center of an enhancing intramedullary mass.

The arctic and alpine bumblebees of the subgenus Alpinobombus revised from integrative assessment of species' gene coalescents and morphology (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus).

The bumblebees of the subgenus Alpinobombus of the genus Bombus are unusual among bees for specialising in many of the most northerly vegetated arctic habitats on Earth. Most named taxa in this group (37 available names from a total of 67 names) were described originally from differences in the colour patterns of the hair. Previous revisions have shown unusually little agreement, recognising a range of 6‒9 species, in part because of pronounced intraspecific variation in both skeletal morphology and in the colour patterns of the hair.

"CHOICES": An acronym to aid in delineating potential causes of non-metabolic, non-infectious acute toxic leukoencephalopathy.

Purpose: To describe non-metabolic, non-infectious etiologies of acute toxic leukoencephalopathy (ATL) on DWI MRI, and provide a useful acronym to remember them.

Material And Methods: Our PACS archive was reviewed, yielding 185 patients with suspected ATL per MRI reports and clinical follow up; infectious or metabolic causes were excluded.

Result/discussion: The 87 included non-infectious, non-metabolic ATL patients' etiologies are represented by the acronym 'CHOICES': chemotherapy ('C',n = 34); heroin-induced ('H',n = 6), opioid analogues ('O',n = 14); immunosuppressant ('I',n = 11) or imidazole (n = 2); cocaine ('C',n = 1); environmental or ethanol abuse ('E',n = 5), splenial lesions ('S',n = 9), and 'other' (n = 5).

Lumbar puncture under fluoroscopy guidance: a technical review for radiologists.

There are many differences in fluoroscopy-guided lumbar puncture (FG-LP) technique among radiologists. Even within the same institution, there are a variety of preferences among proceduralists with individual perspectives based on the literature, training, and/or experience. Our aim is to provide familiarity with various techniques involved in FG-LP and provide insight on how to improve patient outcomes.

Acute Toxic Leukoencephalopathy: Etiologies, Imaging Findings, and Outcomes in 101 Patients.

Background And Purpose: Prior studies regarding acute toxic leukoencephalopathy (ATL) are either small, or preliminary. Our aim was to evaluate etiologies of and differences in imaging severity and outcomes among various etiologies of ATL.

Materials And Methods: MRIs of patients with suspected ATL over 15 years were retrospectively reviewed; inclusion criteria were: MRI <3 weeks of presentation with both DWI and FLAIR.

The efficacy of fluoroscopy-guided epidural blood patch in the treatment of spontaneous and iatrogenic cerebrospinal fluid leakage.

Objective: To evaluate patient outcomes following fluoroscopy-guided epidural blood patch (FGEBP), factors affecting the outcome, and to identify the rate of fluoroscopy-guided lumbar punctures (FGLP) requiring FGEBP.

Methods: All FGLPs and FGEBPs between January 2014 and May 2017 were retrospectively evaluated. Information regarding patient characteristics, details of previous dural puncture (DP), details of the FGEBP, and FGEBP outcome were recorded.

Concomitant Acute Toxic Leukoencephalopathy and Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome.

Background And Purpose: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) and acute toxic leukoencephalopathy (ATL) are both potentially reversible clinicoradiologic entities. Although their magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings differ, rarely both may occur simultaneously in acutely encephalopathic patients. Our aim was to determine the incidence and causes of concomitant "ATL-PRES.

Transforaminal Lumbar Puncture: An Alternative Technique in Patients with Challenging Access.

Interlaminar lumbar puncture and cervical puncture may not be ideal in all circumstances. Recently, we have used a transforaminal approach in selected situations. Between May 2016 and December 2017, twenty-six transforaminal lumbar punctures were performed in 9 patients (25 CT-guided, 1 fluoroscopy-guided).

Utility of coronal contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed FLAIR in the evaluation of optic neuropathy and atrophy.

Background And Purpose: Evaluating chronic sequelae of optic neuritis, such as optic neuropathy with or without optic nerve atrophy, can be challenging on whole brain MRI. This study evaluated the utility of dedicated coronal contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed FLAIR (CE-FS-FLAIR) MR imaging to detect optic neuropathy and optic nerve atrophy.

Materials And Methods: Over 4.

Susceptible vessel sign: identification of arterial occlusion and clinical implications in acute ischaemic stroke.

Aim: To determine the accuracy of the susceptible vessel sign (SVS) in the detection of arterial occlusion and its clinical implication in acute ischaemic stroke.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive ischaemic stroke patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) within 24 hours of symptom onset or time last-seen-well were included. Two independent neuroradiologists reviewed the SWI for evidence of the SVS.

The Effects of DWI-Infarct Lesion Volume on DWI-FLAIR Mismatch: Is There a Need for Size Stratification?

Background: The lack of fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) hyperintensity in areas of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) high signal, or DWI-FLAIR mismatch, is a potential imaging biomarker for timing of stroke onset. We aimed to determine the effects of DWI infarct lesion volume on DWI-FLAIR mismatch and its accuracy for identification of strokes within intravenous (IV) the thrombolytic therapy window.

Methods: Acute ischemic stroke patients with magnetic resonance imaging scan within 12 hours of witnessed stroke were included.

All that bleeds is not black: susceptibility weighted imaging of intracranial hemorrhage and the effect of T1 signal.

Purpose: To determine if intracranial hemorrhages (ICH) are always hypointense on Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) and to determine the effect of T1-signal intensity on the appearance of ICH in SWI series.

Methods: SWI and T1-signal intensities of ICH were retrospectively studied in a series of patients. SWI signal intensities were statistically correlated with T1-signal intensities.

Prominent cortical and medullary veins on susceptibility-weighted images of acute ischaemic stroke.

Objective: To determine the clinical and imaging implications of prominent cortical and medullary veins on susceptibility-weighted images (SWI) of patients with acute stroke.

Methods: Consecutive patients with acute ischaemic stroke who had SWI scan within 24 h of symptom onset or time last-seen-well were included. The SWI series were reviewed for the presence of prominent cortical and medullary veins and were graded independently by two neuroradiologists.

Susceptibility-diffusion mismatch in middle cerebral artery territory acute ischemic stroke: clinical and imaging implications.

Background Recent studies have suggested a correlation between susceptibility-diffusion mismatch and perfusion-diffusion mismatch in acute ischemic stroke patients. Purpose To determine the clinical and imaging associations of susceptibility-diffusion mismatch in patients with acute ischemic stroke in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory. Material and Methods Consecutive patients with MCA territory acute ischemic stroke, who had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed with susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) within 24 h of symptom onset or time last-seen-well, were included.

Delineation of microhemorrhage in acute hepatic encephalopathy using susceptibility-weighted imaging.

Introduction: Microhemorrhages (MH's) in patients with acute hepatic encephalopathy (AHE) have scarcely been described. This study set out to assess if MH's occur in characteristic locations and frequency in patients with AHE superimposed on chronic liver failure, and to determine if such findings correlate with the clinical and MRI severity.

Materials And Methods: Over a 4.

Progressive Diffuse Osteonecrosis in a Patient with Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

This is a case report with serial imaging showing progression of diffuse osteonecrosis in a patient after a diagnosis of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). While bone marrow involvement in HLH has been long noted at histological evaluation and is itself one of the diagnosis criteria, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no previous publication addressing osseous image findings in a patient with HLH.

Utility and Significance of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Enhancement in Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome.

Background And Purpose: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a clinicoradiologic syndrome. Literature regarding associated factors and the prognostic significance of contrast enhancement in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is sparse. This study set out to evaluate an association between the presence of enhancement in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and various clinical factors in a large series of patients with this syndrome.