Carbonated Beverage, Fruit Drink, and Water Consumption and Risk of Acute Stroke: the INTERSTROKE Case-Control Study.

Background And Purpose: Cold beverage intake (carbonated drinks, fruit juice/drinks, and water) may be important population-level exposures relevant to stroke risk and prevention. We sought to explore the association between intake of these beverages and stroke.

Methods: INTERSTROKE is an international matched case-control study of first stroke.

Differences in subcortical functional connectivity in patients with epilepsy.

Introduction: Epilepsy is a disease characterized by abnormal paroxysmal bioelectrical activity in the brain cortex and subcortical structures. Seizures per se change brain metabolism in epileptic focus and in distal parts of the brain. However, interictal phenomena can also affect functional connectivity (FC) and brain metabolism in other parts of the brain.

Tea and coffee consumption and risk of acute stroke: The INTERSTROKE Study.

Background: Stroke is a leading global cause of death and disability. Daily tea/coffee intake is consumed by > 50% of populations and may represent an important population-level exposure. Therefore, it is first essential that we better understand the associations between the tea/coffee intake and stroke.

Tobacco use and risk of acute stroke in 32 countries in the INTERSTROKE study: a case-control study.

Background: Smoking is a major risk factor for the global burden of stroke. We have previously reported a global population attributable risk (PAR) of stroke of 12.4% associated with current smoking.

Risk Factors for Stroke in the Young (18-45 Years): A Case-Control Analysis of INTERSTROKE Data from 32 Countries.

Background: It is not clear whether conventional vascular risk factors are responsible for most strokes in patients younger than 45 years of age. Our objective was to evaluate the association of common risk factors with stroke in individuals under 45 years.

Methods: INTERSTROKE was a case-control study carried out in 32 countries between 2007 and 2015.

Volume changes of medial temporal lobe structures in patients with genetic generalized and temporal lobe epilepsy in relation to neuropsychological functions.

Purpose: In patients with epilepsy (PWE), cognitive and behavioural dysfunctions are associated with abnormalities in various brain areas. The aim of the study was to compare the volume of the hippocampus (VHIP), amygdala (VAMG) and parahippocampal gyrus (VPHG) with the results of neuropsychological assessment in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE).

Methods: 33 PWE were enrolled in the study (mean age 37.

Alcohol Intake as a Risk Factor for Acute Stroke: The INTERSTROKE Study.

Background And Objectives: There is uncertainty about the association between alcohol consumption and stroke, particularly for low-moderate intake. We explored these associations in a large international study.

Methods: INTERSTROKE, a case-control study, is the largest international study of risk factors for acute stroke.

Spinal muscular atrophy: epidemiology and health burden in children - a Polish national healthcare database perspective before introduction of SMA-specific treatment.

Introduction: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is one of the most frequent autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorders. It leads to progressive muscle weakness, premature death or permanent ventilation. Significant disability, scoliosis, severe pulmonary infections and other problems require in- and outpatient medical care.

Real-life anti-smoking practices among Polish neurologists.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to assess attitudes of Polish neurologists towards cigarette smoking and their real-life anti-smoking practices.

Methods: A study questionnaire was constructed, and distributed among Polish neurologists ( = 101; 73% females). More than two thirds (70%) of the study group worked in in-patient neurological wards with separate stroke units.

Renal Impairment and Risk of Acute Stroke: The INTERSTROKE Study.

Background: Previous studies reported an association of renal impairment with stroke, but there are uncertainties underpinning this association.

Aims: We explored if the association is explained by shared risk factors or is independent and whether there are regional or stroke subtype variations.

Methods: INTERSTROKE is a case-control study and the largest international study of risk factors for first acute stroke, completed in 27 countries.

Variations in knowledge, awareness and treatment of hypertension and stroke risk by country income level.

Objective: Hypertension is the most important modifiable risk factor for stroke globally. We hypothesised that country-income level variations in knowledge, detection and treatment of hypertension may contribute to variations in the association of blood pressure with stroke.

Methods: We undertook a standardised case-control study in 32 countries (INTERSTROKE).

The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms in Polish epilepsy patients - The context of pharmaco-resistance.

Purpose: Patients with epilepsy (PWE) are at a higher risk of experiencing depressive and anxiety symptoms than the general population; these symptoms are more prevalent in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) compared to those with non-drug-resistant epilepsy (NDRE). The aim of the present study was to compare the level of reported depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with DRE and patients with NDRE and to examine the relationships between demographic and epilepsy-related variables and severity of depression and anxiety symptoms.

Material And Methods: A total of 193 adult PWE, divided into a DRE group (n = 87), and an NDRE group (n = 106), completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Stat-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Sand STAI-T).

Urinary Sodium and Potassium, and Risk of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke (INTERSTROKE): A Case-Control Study.

Background: Although low sodium intake (<2 g/day) and high potassium intake (>3.5 g/day) are proposed as public health interventions to reduce stroke risk, there is uncertainty about the benefit and feasibility of this combined recommendation on prevention of stroke.

Methods: We obtained random urine samples from 9,275 cases of acute first stroke and 9,726 matched controls from 27 countries and estimated the 24-hour sodium and potassium excretion, a surrogate for intake, using the Tanaka formula.

Statement by a Working Group conceived by the Polish National Consultants in Cardiology and Neurology addressing the use of implantable cardiac monitors in patients after ischaemic embolic stroke of undetermined source.

Introduction: Stroke remains one of the main causes of death and the most common cause of long-term disability in adults. Embolic strokes of undetermined source (ESUS) amount to a significant proportion of all ischaemic strokes. Detection of atrial fibrillation (AF) in this group of patients would allow for a major therapeutic decision to switch from antiplatelets to oral anticoagulants and therefore significantly reduce the risk of recurrence.

Convulsive status epilepticus management in adults and children: Report of the Working Group of the Polish Society of Epileptology.

Introduction: The Working Group was established at the initiative of the General Board of the Polish Society of Epileptology (PSE) to develop an expert position on the treatment of convulsive status epilepticus (SE) in adults and children in Poland. Generalized convulsive SE is the most common form and also represents the greatest threat to life, highlighting the importance of the choice of appropriate therapeutic treatment.

Aim Of Guideline: We present the therapeutic options separately for treatment during the early preclinical (>5-30min), established (30-60min), and refractory (>60min) SE phases.

Practice patterns and outcomes after stroke across countries at different economic levels (INTERSTROKE): an international observational study.

Background: Stroke disproportionately affects people in low-income and middle-income countries. Although improvements in stroke care and outcomes have been reported in high-income countries, little is known about practice and outcomes in low and middle-income countries. We aimed to compare patterns of care available and their association with patient outcomes across countries at different economic levels.

Enzymatic replacement therapy in patients with late-onset Pompe disease - 6-Year follow up.

Introduction: Late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) is a progressive metabolic myopathy, affecting skeletal muscles, which, if untreated, leads to disability and/or respiratory failure. The enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) improves muscle strength and respiratory function and prevents disease progression. We present a 6-year follow-up of 5 patients with LOPD treated with ERT.

Acute Ischemic Stroke Hospital Admissions, Treatment, and Outcomes in Poland in 2009-2013.

Introduction: Ischemic stroke (IS) still constitutes a serious problem for public health worldwide. The data on its burden in Poland before 2009 is limited and came only from a few metropolitan areas.

The Aims Of The Study Were: To assess temporal trends in the hospital admissions, treatment, and outcomes of IS in Poland in 2009-2013, to identify risk factors for IS mortality and to compare the results with other countries.

Mechanical thrombectomy in acute stroke - Five years of experience in Poland.

Objectives: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is not reimbursed by the Polish public health system. We present a description of 5 years of experience with MT in acute stroke in Comprehensive Stroke Centers (CSCs) in Poland.

Methods And Results: We retrospectively analyzed the results of a structured questionnaire from 23 out of 25 identified CSCs and 22 data sets that include 61 clinical, radiological and outcome measures.

Association of adiponectin, leptin and resistin with inflammatory markers and obesity in dementia.

The aim of the study was to determine the role of adiponectin, leptin and resistin in various types of dementia and to investigate their association with inflammatory markers, insulin resistance and abdominal obesity. In 205 patients with dementia [89 with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 47 with vascular dementia (VaD), 69 with mixed dementia (MD)], 113 persons with mild cognitive impairment and in 107 controls serum adiponectin, leptin and resistin levels, pro-inflammatory [interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and chitotriosidase] and anti-inflammatory (25-OH vitamin D, HDL-cholesterol and paraoxonase 1) markers, as well as glucose metabolism parameters (glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR) were determined. In all-cause dementia adiponectin and resistin levels were significantly higher as compared to the controls; leptin levels did not show differences.