[Time course of changes in iron metabolic and oxidative-antioxidative system parameters in patients with acute myeloid leukemia].

Aim: To study an association between iron metabolism, free radical oxidation (FRO), and antioxidative system (AOS) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) during intensive chemotherapy.

Subjects And Methods: AML patients (n = 14) with a median age of 46 years received 7+3 courses (n = 3) containing cytarabine > or = 1 g/m2/introduction (n = 8) and myeloablative conditioning regimen before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (n = 3). The concentrations of iron, ferritin, transferrin saturation (TFS), and malonic dialdehyde and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ceruloplasmin (CP), and catalase were investigated in their sera.

[Non-specific changes in the complement system in neoplastic processes].

The study using immunochemical and biological methods was concerned with assaying complement components C1q, C3, C4, and C5, C3 derivatives--C3a and, C3(H2O), C1ing control protein, hemolytic activity (CH50), total proteolytic activity and regulatory immune complexes in sera from patients with cancer of the stomach, breast and ovary, subjects at risk of cancer and healthy donors. Neoplasia was associated with lowered levels of intact C3 and C1ing matched by high concentrations of C3a, C1q and C4. Hemolytic activity (CH50) was increased against the background of relatively higher total proteolytic activity both in healthy subjects and cancer patients.

[Diagnostic and prognostic significance of blood-serum ceruloplasmin, acetylcholinesterase and total proteolytic activity in patients with multiple myeloma].

The study included 82 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic significance of correlation between of levels of ceruloplasmin (CP), acetylcholinesterase (ACE) and total proteolytic activity (TPA) in blood serum and immunochemical pattern, tumor mass and response to chemotherapy. It was shown that CP, ACE and TPA determination may be used as additional markers to confirm therapeutic benefits, to timely detect relapse and to verify resistance to chemotherapy. It was also demonstrated that resultant decrease in CP and TPA and increase in ACE levels are reliable indicators of changes developing in MM course and remission fulfillment.

[Certain biochemical features of leukocytes in blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia].

The content of nuclear high mobility group (HMG) proteins, activities of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), adenosine deaminase (ADA) and purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) and also glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content and composition were studied in leukocytes of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in the phase of blast crisis (BC CML). Myeloid and lymphoid cytochemical variants of BC CML differ by biochemical parameters. It is suggested, that the content of HMG-proteins, activities of ODC and PNP, and electrophoretic patterns of GAGs could be used in diagnostics of two main variants of BC CML.

[Experimental study of the biopreparation Lymphotilin as an antiproliferative and antitumor agent].

We found in experiments involving the use of a biopreparation lymphotilin that its administration was followed by a decrease in proliferative activity of cultured tumor cells and a longer survival of mice bearing transplantable leukemia. An intensified intercalation of ethidium bromide in nucleic acids of tumor cells in lymphotilin culture points to the drug activity on nuclear level. Tumor cell inhibition by lymphotilin holds much promise for the practice of hematology.

[The role of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans in hemopoiesis and the physiological functions of the blood cells].

Literature review as well as own data on the role of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans of leukocytes, platelets and hemopoietic microenvironment are presented. These compounds are involved in the storage of lysosomal enzymes, cationic antibacterial polypeptides and other granular constituents of blood cells, take part in mediating of cellular interactions, occurring in hematopoiesis, phagocytosis, immunity and other processes. Due to the capacity to react with many substances, including enzymes, cell growth factors, cytokines, receptors, changing their conformation and biological activity glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans can take part in regulation of cell adhesion, migration, proliferation differentiation and special functions of various types of hematopoietic and lymphoid cells.

[Levels of complement components in plasma of onco-hematologic patients with defective hemopoiesis].

Immunochemical assay using monoclonal antibodies was carried out to determine levels of a number of complement components (C3 and its derivatives-C4 and C5) and immunoglobulins (lg) in plasma of patients with onco-hematological diseases involving defective hemopoiesis: leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome (clonal diseases) or aplastic anemia (delayed clonal disease). The most significant disorders were registered in the concentrations of component C3 and its derivatives. In acute leukemia, the nature and extent of C3 splitting was found to depend on disease while Ig level-on stage.

[Lysosomal enzyme activity in white blood cells in leukemias].

Total enzyme activity of acidic hydrolases and total neutral proteinase were compared in the post-nuclear fraction of leukocytes from healthy subjects and leukemia patients. The levels of acidic phosphotase and neutral proteinase in lymphoid cells of healthy donors were 11 and 7 times lower than those in myeloid cells, respectively. Patients suffering chronic myeloid leukemia revealed enhanced levels of beta-glucuronidase and neutral proteinases whereas B-chronic lymphoid leukemia involved acidic hydrolase concentrations lower than normal.

[Prognostic potential of sensometry in scheduled patients during the use of drugs for neuroleptanalgesia].

Tactile and pain thresholds were determined in 116 patients 24 hours before surgery upon premedication and administration of fentanyl and droperidol during induction to anesthesia. Statistical correlation analysis has shown that high pain thresholds in patients 24 hours before surgery indicate low consumption of barbiturates during induction to anesthesia, high efficacy of drugs used for NLA, and infrequent reactions to intubation irrespective of the efficacy of premedication. Low pain thresholds after premedication predict low efficacy of drugs for NLA and high consumption of fentanyl during surgery.

[Modification of complement components under the effect of cationic proteins from leukocytes from donors and leukemia patients].

Cation proteins (CP) were isolated from leukocytes by means of ion exchange chromatography. Enzyme immunoassay showed that these cation proteins modified C3 component of complement in vitro. CP obtained from healthy volunteers decreased the content of C3 purified by affinity chromatography and C3 of blood serum; however, content of C3.

[Nuclear proteins of human leukocytes in health and in chronic leukemias].

The levels and fractional composition of nuclear proteins of human leukocytes (histones, total non-histone proteins and HMG-proteins) have been studied in healthy subjects and cases of leukemia. It has been shown that the levels of histones and total non-histone proteins in normal myeloid cells are, on the average, 1.5 times those in lymphoid cells.

[Complications and side effects of spinal anesthesia].

Complication and side effects of spinal anesthesia have been studied in 2603 patients. The following complications of spinal anesthesia have been observed: transient and prolonged arterial hypotension; marked respiratory and circulatory depression; neurological consequences and early and late respiratory depression associated with intrathecal administration of narcotic analgesics. Side effects comprised vomiting, nausea, transitory urination disturbances, and itching.

[Escherichia coli reactions to the action of the cationic proteins of blood leukocytes].

The antibacterial effect of cation proteins (CP) of swine leukocytes with respect to Escherichia coli strain 17 has been demonstrated in vitro. The composition and properties of these CP have been studied; as a result, a comparatively high content of basic and dicarbonic amino acids and the presence of protease activity have been established. The release of the components of the metabolic fund by E.

[Nuclear nonhistone proteins in normal and leukemic leukocytes].

Leukemic transformation was shown to be associated with alteration in the level, profile, amino acid composition and metabolic activity of nuclear nonhistone proteins (NHP) of human leukocytes. The level of HMG-protein in patients with blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia of the lymphoid type was 5 times that in patients with the myeloid type of blast crisis. The NHP of both transformed and non-transformed leukocytes were shown to undergo glycosylation.

[The effect of the cationic proteins of human blood cells on the growth of Escherichia coli].

The antibacterial effect of cationic proteins (CP) on donor leukocytes and thrombocytes with respect to the growth of E. coli has been demonstrated in vitro, the maximum recorded inhibition being caused by the action of leukocytic CP. Differences in the inhibitory action may be linked with the presence of anomalies in the amino acid composition of leukocytic CP and thrombocytic CP, manifested by the deterioration of the basic properties of the latter, as well as by the fractional composition whose characteristic features for thrombocytic CP are the appearance of high-molecular components and a decrease in the proportion of low-molecular fractions.

[Effects of a lymph node extract on hemopoietic and lymphoid cells in normal state and in different forms of leukemia].

The chemical composition and properties of the lymphatic node extract (LNE) obtained from the porcine submandibular lymphatic nodes have been studied. It has been established that the LNE is the mixture of low-molecular weight peptides and the components of nucleic acids with the molecular mass below 2 kD. It possesses antiproliferative, immunosuppressive and antileukemic activities in vitro and in vivo.

[Glycosaminoglycans in leukocytes in myeloproliferative disorders].

Content and composition of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) was studied in leukocytes of 30 healthy persons and of patients with different types of myeloproliferative disorders: 32 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), 10 patients with polycythemia vera (PV), 5 patients with idiopathic myeloid fibrosis (IMF) and 10 patients with acute myelo blast leukemia (AML). The total content of GAG in healthy persons was 97.7 +/- 3.

[Nuclear and lysosomal protein distribution in granulocytes of varying degrees of maturity].

An experimental quantitation of nuclear and lysosomal proteins of granulocytes was made in healthy individuals and in patients with chronic and acute myelogenous leukaemia. The patients were divided into three (II-IV) groups according to the cell maturity coefficient (K) calculated as the ratio of the total amount of myeloblasts + myelocytes and metamyelocytes towards the number of mature granulocytes of the neutrophil series. The group of donors designated as group I had K = 0.