Background: Racial and ethnic disparities in the treatment of perioperative pain have not been well-studied, despite being observed in a variety of other medical settings. The goal of this investigation was to evaluate the relationship between race and ethnicity and intra- and postoperative opioid administration for patients undergoing open liver resection surgery.
Methods: In this single-center retrospective cohort study, adult patients undergoing open liver resection from January 2012 to May 2019 were identified.
Incorporation of irreversible steps in pathway design enhances the overall thermodynamic favorability and often leads to better bioconversion yield given functional enzymes. Using this concept, here we constructed the first non-natural itaconate biosynthesis pathway driven by thioester hydrolysis. Itaconate is a commercially valuable platform chemical with wide applications in the synthetic polymer industry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGene expression is a critical component of brain physiology, but monitoring this expression in the living brain represents a major challenge. Here, we introduce a new paradigm called recovery of markers through insonation (REMIS) for noninvasive measurement of gene expression in the brain with cell type, spatial, and temporal specificity. Our approach relies on engineered protein markers that are produced in neurons but exit into the brain's interstitium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Second cervical vertebrae (C2) fractures are a common traumatic spinal injury in the elderly population. Surgical fusion and nonoperative bracing are two primary treatments for cervical instability, but the former is often withheld in the elderly due to concerns for poor postoperative outcomes arising from patient frailty. This study sought to evaluate the in-hospital differences in mortality, outcomes, and discharge disposition in elderly patients with C2 fractures undergoing surgical intervention compared with conservative therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCartogr Geogr Inf Sci
October 2021
COVID-19 surveillance across the U.S. is essential to tracking and mitigating the pandemic, but data representing cases and deaths may be impacted by attribute, spatial, and temporal uncertainties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Individual events during donation after circulatory death (DCD) procurement, such as hypotensive or hypoxic warm ischemia, or circulatory arrest are all a part of donor warm ischemia time (dWIT), and may have differing effects on the outcome of the liver graft. This study aimed to identify risk factors for postreperfusion syndrome (PRS), a state of severe hemodynamic derangement following graft reperfusion, and its impact on DCD liver transplantation (LT) outcomes.
Methods: This was a retrospective analysis using 106 DCD LT.
Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth
June 2024
This review highlights noteworthy literature published in 2023 and pertinent to anesthesiologists and critical care physicians caring for patients undergoing abdominal organ transplantation. We feature 9 studies from 593 peer-reviewed papers on pancreatic transplantation, 3 from 194 on intestinal transplantation, and 28 from over 4513 on kidney transplantation. The liver transplantation section includes a special focus on 20 studies from 5666 clinical trial publications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: It has been shown that AI models can learn race on medical images, leading to algorithmic bias. Our aim in this study was to enhance the fairness of medical image models by eliminating bias related to race, age, and sex. We hypothesise models may be learning demographics via shortcut learning and combat this using image augmentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPEO-LiX solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) with the addition of LiLaZrTaO (LLZTO) fillers is considered as a promising solid-state electrolyte for solid-state Li-ion batteries. However, the developments of the SPE have caused additional challenges, such as poor contact interface and SPE/Li interface stability during cycling, which always lead to potentially catastrophic battery failure. The main problem is that the real impact of LLZTO fillers on the interfacial properties between SPE and Li metal is still unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis
June 2024
Introduction: Stroke is a common cause of mortality in the United States. However, the economic burden of stroke on the healthcare system is not well known. In this study, we aim to calculate the annual cumulative and per-patient cost of stroke.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) is an effective treatment for refractory hypertonia in children. ITB has long been effective for the treatment of spasticity, and indications have naturally evolved to include dystonia and mixed pediatric movement disorders (PMDs). The established uses for ITB trials are insurance prerequisite, mixed tone, and family request.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Vaccination rates may be improved through culturally tailored messages, but little is known about them among disaggregated Asian American subgroups. We assessed the vaccination rates for key vaccines among these subgroups.
Methods: Using the National Health Interview Survey, we analyzed recent vaccination rates (2015-2018, =188,250) and trends (2006-2018) among Asians (Chinese [=3,165], Asian Indian [=3,525], Filipino [=3,656], other Asian [=5,819]) and non-Hispanic White adults (=172,085) for 6 vaccines (the human papillomavirus, hepatitis B, pneumococcal, influenza, tetanus-diphtheria [tetanus], and shingles vaccines).
Purpose: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common chronic illnesses in the world. Unfortunately, COPD is often difficult to diagnose early when interventions can alter the disease course, and it is underdiagnosed or only diagnosed too late for effective treatment. Currently, spirometry is the gold standard for diagnosing COPD but it can be challenging to obtain, especially in resource-poor countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose Of Review: The purpose is to review the results and impact of recent studies for current and future treatment of both motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD).
Recent Findings: New formulations of levodopa further optimize motor fluctuations, allowing for more on-time and less dyskinesia. On demand apomorphine continues to showcase itself as an effective and tolerable tool for treating motor off-periods.
A 59-year-old male with an implantable cardiac defibrillator, left ventricular assist device, and refractory ventricular tachycardia presented with hypoxemia due to a post-ablation iatrogenic atrial septal defect. Left ventricular assist devices generate pressure gradients that may exacerbate intracardiac shunts and can precipitate significant hypoxemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGene expression is a critical component of brain physiology and activity, but monitoring this expression in the living brain represents a significant challenge. Here, we introduce a new paradigm called Recovery of Markers through InSonation (REMIS) for noninvasive measurement of gene expression in the brain with cell-type, spatial, and temporal specificity. Our approach relies on engineered protein markers that are designed to be expressed in neurons and exit into the interstitium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudy Objectives: Asian Americans report higher rates of insufficient sleep than non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs). It is unclear how sleep outcomes differ among disaggregated Asian subgroups.
Methods: The National Health Interview Survey (2006-2018) was used to analyze self-reported sleep duration and quality measures for Asian American subgroups (Chinese [n = 11,056], Asian Indian [n = 11,249], Filipino [n = 13,211], and other Asians [n = 21,767]).
Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have become one of the promising candidates for electrochemical energy storage that can provide low-cost and high-performance advantages. The poor cyclability and rate capability of PIBs are due to the intensive structural change of electrode materials during battery operation. Carbon-based materials as anodes have been successfully commercialized in lithium- and sodium-ion batteries but is still struggling in potassium-ion battery field.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper aims at identifying user's information needs on Coronavirus and the differences of user's information needs between the online health community MedHelp and the question-and-answer forum Quora during the COVID-19 global pandemic. We obtained the posts in the sub-community on MedHelp (195 posts with 1627 answers) and under the topic of on Quora (263 posts with 8401 answers) via web scraping built on Selenium WebDriver. After preprocessing, we conducted topic modeling on both corpora and identified the best topic model for each corpus based on the diagnostic metrics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Serum albumin's association with liver transplant outcomes has been investigated with mixed findings. This study aimed to evaluate perioperative albumin level, independently and as part of the albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade, as a predictor of post-liver transplant hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS).
Methods: Adult liver-only transplant recipients at our institution from September 2011 to May 2019 were included in this retrospective study.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord
November 2022
Background: Cognitive impairment is common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and often leads to dementia, with no effective treatment. Aging studies suggest that physical activity (PA) intensity has a positive impact on cognition and enhanced functional connectivity may underlie these benefits. However, less is known in PD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: This study assessed the ordering of amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) scans in a Veterans Affairs (VA) memory disorders clinic as part of routine clinical care, with possible implications for the extent to which ordering may occur outside of the VA in the future if covered by insurance.
Methods: Clinical features predictive of ordering amyloid PET scans were retrospectively assessed; the percentage of patients who met appropriate use criteria were evaluated.
Results: Among 565 veterans, 34.