Patient screening and assessment for home dialysis therapies: A scoping review.

Background: Home dialysis therapies have limited uptake in most regions despite recognized benefits such as increasing patients' independence, and several domains of quality of life with cost savings in some systems.

Objective: To perform a scoping review of published literature to identify tools and guides used in systematically screening and assessing patient suitability for home dialysis. A secondary objective was to explore barriers and enablers associated with the home dialysis assessment process.

An assessment of the clinical relevance of coracoid graft osteolysis following the Latarjet procedure: a clinical and radiological review.

Background: The Latarjet procedure was developed for the treatment of anterior shoulder instability in young, high-demand patients with attritional glenoid bone loss, whose risk of redislocation following primary dislocation may exceed 90%. Coracoid graft osteolysis and prominent screws are commonly observed in late computed tomography (CT) scans of patients who re-present following the procedure, but the clinical relevance of osteolysis in the overall Latarjet cohort is undetermined. We aimed to evaluate clinical and radiological outcomes in patients who underwent the Latarjet procedure, and to determine if severe coracoid graft osteolysis compromised clinical outcomes.

Modifiability of surgical timing in postinjury multiple organ failure patients.

Background: Postinjury multiple organ failure (MOF) is the leading cause of late trauma deaths, with primarily non-modifiable risk factors. Timing of surgery as a potentially modifiable risk factor is frequently proposed, but has not been quantified. We aimed to compare mortality, hospital length of stay (LOS), and ICU LOS between MOF patients who had surgery that preceded MOF with modifiable timings versus those with non-modifiable timings.

An assessment of factors associated with early postoperative stiffness in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Background: Postoperative stiffness affects up to 20% of patients following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Recent evidence indicates that early postoperative stiffness may associated with lower retear rates. This study aimed to identify the independent predictors of early postoperative stiffness.

Management of distal biceps tendon ruptures: a survey of fellowship-trained subspecialist elbow surgeons.

Background: There are several approaches to the management of distal biceps tendon ruptures, with no consensus on what constitutes best practice.

Methods: An online survey queried the perceptions and management of distal biceps tendon ruptures amongst fellowship-trained subspecialty elbow surgeons, which primarily comprised of members of the Shoulder and Elbow Society of Australia, the national subspecialist interest group of the Australian Orthopaedic Association and the Mayo Clinic Elbow Club (Rochester, MN, USA).

Results: One hundred surgeons responded.

Revision Rotator Cuff Repair With Versus Without an Arthroscopically Inserted Onlay Bioinductive Implant in Workers' Compensation Patients.

Background: The addition of onlay biological grafts to augment difficult rotator cuff repairs has shown encouraging results in a case series.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the addition of an onlay bioinductive implant would improve repair integrity, shear wave elastographic appearance of the repaired tendon and patch, and patient-rated and/or surgeon-measured shoulder function when used in workers' compensation patients undergoing revision arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. We hypothesized that the addition of the bioinductive implant would enhance repair integrity and clinical outcomes compared with standard repair.

Reliability of a Novel Preoperative Protocol for Determining Graft Sizes for Superior Capsular Reconstruction Using Plain Film Radiography.

Background: Superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) for massive, irreparable rotator cuff tears involves anchoring a graft between the superior glenoid and the greater tuberosity of the humerus. Optimizing the graft size is important. We aimed (1) to evaluate the reliability of plain film radiography in determining graft size for SCR and (2) to create a database to help predict future graft sizes.

studies of the renin-angiotensin system in human adipose tissue/adipocytes and possible relationship to SARS-CoV-2: a scoping review.

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) operates within adipose tissue. Obesity-related changes can affect adipose RAS, predisposing to hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and possibly severe COVID-19. We evaluated the research on human adipose RAS and identified gaps in the literature.

A Systematic Temporal Assessment of Changes in Tendon Stiffness Following Rotator Cuff Repair.

Objectives: How the material properties of the human supraspinatus tendon change following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is undetermined. Shear wave elastography ultrasound is a relatively new, noninvasive measure of tissue stiffness. We aimed to evaluate any temporal changes in stiffness and/or thickness of supraspinatus tendons in humans following primary arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Incidence of multiple organ failure in adult polytrauma patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postinjury multiple organ failure (MOF) is the leading cause of late death in trauma patients. Although MOF was first described 50 years ago, its definition, epidemiology, and change in incidence over time are poorly understood. We aimed to describe the incidence of MOF in the context of different MOF definitions, study inclusion criteria, and its change over time.

Predictors of Return to Work Following Primary Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: An Analysis of 1502 Cases.

Background: It is undetermined which factors predict return to work after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Purpose: To identify which factors predicted return to work at any level and return to preinjury levels of work 6 months after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

Biomechanical Comparison of Synthetic Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) vs Human Dermal Allograft (HDA), 2 vs 3 Glenoid Anchors, and Suture vs Minitape in Superior Capsule Reconstruction.

Superior capsule reconstruction (SCR) is an option for the treatment of massive, irreparable rotator cuff tears. However, which materials yield the strongest constructs remains undetermined. : We sought to investigate whether SCR with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or human dermal allograft (HDA), 2 or 3 glenoid anchors, and suture or minitape resulted in better failure load properties at the patch-glenoid interface.

Biomechanical and morphological comparison of two interposition graft rotator cuff repair techniques.

Background: Interposition graft rotator cuff repair is one option for the treatment of massive, otherwise irreparable rotator cuff tears. It is undetermined how different suturing techniques influence morphology at the patch-tendon interface in interposition rotator cuff repairs, particularly with respect to increased cross-sectional area at the repair site post-exposure to cyclic loading, which may influence healing. We aimed to analyze how the morphology of the grafts used in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) interposition rotator cuff repairs differed according to whether the graft was secured using the multiple mattress technique or the weave technique respectively.

Factors influencing clinical outcomes in superior capsular reconstruction: A scoping review.

Background: It is undetermined how effective superior capsule/capsular reconstruction (SCR) is, and which factors influence clinical outcomes.

Questions/purposes: (1) To identify which factors influence outcomes in SCR, (2) to evaluate the effect of graft integrity on clinical outcomes, and (3) to compare SCR to other procedures for irreparable rotator cuff tears.

Methods: PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched for clinical SCR studies.

Pyrolysis of blend (oil palm biomass and sawdust) biomass using TG-MS.

The aim of this study was to pyrolyze individual (oil palm shell, empty fruit bunch and sawdust) as well as blend biomass in a thermogravimetric mass spectrometry (TG-MS) from room temperature to 800 °C at constant heating rate of 15 °C/min. The results showed that the onset TG temperature for blend biomass shifted slightly to lower values. Activation energy values were also found to decrease slightly after blending the biomass.

Polycystic Kidney Disease without an Apparent Family History.

The absence of a positive family history (PFH) in 10%-25% of patients poses a diagnostic challenge for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). In the Toronto Genetic Epidemiology Study of Polycystic Kidney Disease, 210 affected probands underwent renal function testing, abdominal imaging, and comprehensive and mutation screening. From this cohort, we reviewed all patients with and without an apparent family history, examined their parental medical records, and performed renal imaging in all available parents of unknown disease status.