Serous Atrophy of Bone Marrow in the Feet Diagnosed via Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Case Report.

Serous atrophy of bone marrow (SABM) is characterized by focal replacement of bone marrow elements with extracellular gelatinous substances. It has been associated with a wide range of chronic conditions, including anorexia nervosa, malignancy, chronic kidney disease, and certain chronic infections. Previous literature has reported the disorder as primarily diagnosed via bone marrow biopsy and occurring outside of the distal extremities.

Reinjury Following Return to Play.

Radiologists are frequently called on for guidance regarding return to play (RTP) for athletes and active individuals after sustaining a musculoskeletal injury. Avoidance of reinjury is of particular importance throughout the rehabilitative process and following resumption of competitive activity. Understanding reinjury risk estimation, imaging patterns, and correlation of clinical and surgical findings will help prepare the radiologist to identify reinjuries correctly on diagnostic imaging studies and optimize management for a safe RTP.

Multifocal emphysematous osteomyelitis, a do not miss diagnosis for the emergency radiologist: a case report with literature review.

Emphysematous osteomyelitis (EO) is an uncommon fatal condition with high morbidity and mortality. Simultaneous involvement of the axial and appendicular skeleton with multifocal disease is even rarer, with only a few cases being reported in the literature. We present a case of multifocal emphysematous osteomyelitis in a 56-year-old woman with concurrent emphysematous pyelonephritis complicated by psoas and epidural abscesses.

Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor: two cases highlighting differences in clinical and radiologic presentation.

Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors are rare, usually benign neoplasms that occur in the soft tissue or bone and are the cause of nearly all cases of tumor-induced osteomalacia. Tumor-induced osteomalacia due to phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor is a challenging diagnosis to make-patients present with variable clinical and radiologic findings and the culprit neoplasm is often small and can occur anywhere head to toe. We present two cases of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor in the scapular body and plantar foot.

Vascular leiomyoma of the thigh: Classic presentation of a rare tumor with imaging and pathology correlation.

We report a case of a vascular leiomyoma arising from the superficial femoral artery presenting as a non-painful thigh mass in a 55-year-old woman. Leiomyomas typically arise from the uterus and gastrointestinal tract, and rarely arise from vessels. We present this case to emphasize that although extremity leiomyomas are rare, they should be considered if there is a soft tissue mass abutting a vessel.

Atypical Chondroid Syringoma of the Toe.

Although chondroid syringoma rarely occurs outside the head and neck, the majority of malignant chondroid syringomas are identified in the extremities. Here, we present a case of atypical chondroid syringoma in the fifth toe. Diagnosis of chondroid syringoma with atypical cells was made following initial excisional biopsy and histology, necessitating repeated surgery for positive margins.

Teaching cancer imaging in the era of precision medicine: Looking at the big picture.

The role of imaging in cancer diagnosis and treatment has evolved at the same rapid pace as cancer management. Over the last twenty years, with the advancement of technology, oncology has become a multidisciplinary field that allows for researchers and clinicians not only to create individualized treatment options for cancer patients, but also to evaluate patients' response to therapy with increasing precision. Familiarity with these concepts is a requisite for current and future radiologists, as cancer imaging studies represent a significant and growing component of any radiology practice, from tertiary cancer centers to community hospitals.

Absence of Posttraumatic Bone Marrow Edema in the Setting of Preeclampsia.

Magnetic resonance imaging is a powerful tool in the diagnosis of missed or occult fractures on radiographic and computed tomographic (CT) imaging, through the detection of bone marrow edema. Although radiologists often rely on bone marrow edema as a guide for diagnosing subtle underlying fractures, it is important to recognize its limitations as a diagnostic metric. We present a rare case demonstrating the absence of bone marrow edema after acute trauma and confirmed Lisfranc fracture in a patient with preeclampsia and propose an interesting physiologic mechanism to explain this manifestation.

Tales of Mentoring in Radiology: The Experience of Residents and Mentors at a Single Academic Program.

Purpose: To investigate the utility of mentoring groups in radiology residency.

Methods: Five assistant professors of Radiology and 20 radiology residents were divided into 5 groups. One resident from each academic year was randomly paired with a mentor group.

The Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Evaluation of Knee Pathology.

Artificial intelligence (AI) holds the potential to revolutionize the field of radiology by increasing the efficiency and accuracy of both interpretive and noninterpretive tasks. We have only just begun to explore AI applications in the diagnostic evaluation of knee pathology. Experimental algorithms have already been developed that can assess the severity of knee osteoarthritis from radiographs, detect and classify cartilage lesions, meniscal tears, and ligament tears on magnetic resonance imaging, provide automatic quantitative assessment of tendon healing, detect fractures on radiographs, and predict those at highest risk for recurrent bone tumors.

Sarcopenia is associated with longer hospital stay and multiorgan dysfunction in alcoholic hepatitis.

Introduction: Excessive alcohol consumption has steadily risen to become the third leading cause of preventable death in the USA. One consequence of heavy alcohol use recently under considerable investigation is alcoholic hepatitis. Although many risk factors for developing alcoholic hepatitis have been documented, our aim in this study was to examine the potential association between sarcopenia and severity, mortality, 30 days readmission rate, complication, infections and length of hospital stay in alcoholic hepatitis patients.

Tibial bone stress injury: diagnostic performance and inter-reader agreement of an abbreviated 5-min magnetic resonance protocol.

Objective: To compare the diagnostic performance and inter-reader agreement of an abbreviated (5 min) MR protocol compared to a complete (25 min) protocol, for evaluation of suspected tibial bone stress injury.

Materials And Methods: This IRB-approved retrospective study consisted of 95 consecutive MR examinations in 88 patients with suspected tibial bone stress injury. Three musculoskeletal radiologists independently classified all examinations utilizing both an abbreviated protocol consisting only of axial T2-weighted images with fat suppression, and after a washout period again classified the complete examinations.

The association of the medial joint vacuum phenomenon with ulnar collateral ligament injury in symptomatic elbows of younger athletes.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of intra-articular gas (IAG) on elbow radiography and evaluate variables, including IAG, as predictors of UCL injury.

Materials And Methods: This IRB-approved retrospective study consisted of 241 consecutive elbow radiographic studies containing AP radiographs with valgus stress of both symptomatic and asymptomatic sides in 234 patients. The IAG, medial joint space (MJS), and MJS difference between the symptomatic and asymptomatic elbow (MJSD) were evaluated by two readers, as well as patient age, gender, sport played, and handedness.

Prevalence and Predictive Value of BI-RADS 3, 4, and 5 Lesions Detected on Breast MRI: Correlation with Study Indication.

Rationale And Objectives: This study aims to determine the prevalence and predictive value of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) 3, 4, and 5 findings on breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to evaluate the impact of study indication on the predictive value of BI-RADS categories.

Materials And Methods: This institutional review board approved, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) compliant retrospective review of our breast MRI database from 2009 to 2011, of 5778 contrast-enhanced studies in 3360 patients was performed. At our institution, each breast receives an individual BI-RADS assessment.

Frequency and Severity of Pulmonary Hemorrhage in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous CT-guided Transthoracic Lung Biopsy: Single-Institution Experience of 1175 Cases.

Purpose: To evaluate the frequency and severity of pulmonary hemorrhage after transthoracic needle lung biopsy (TTLB) and assess possible factors associated with pulmonary hemorrhage.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board. The requirement to obtain informed consent was waived.

Growth of carotid artery duplex ultrasound among Medicare beneficiaries (2000-2007).

Objective: Although intervention in asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis remains controversial, most carotid interventions are performed in asymptomatic individuals. Carotid duplex ultrasound is the diagnostic test that precedes more than 90% of carotid interventions. In terms of economic incentives, providers who perform carotid artery revascularization may experience synergy if they also provide carotid duplex ultrasound, because the diagnostic service is reimbursed and also can lead to referrals for revascularization procedures.

Availability, affordability, and accessibility of a healthful diet in a low-income community, Central Falls, Rhode Island, 2007-2008.

Background: Many Americans have diets that do not meet the dietary guidelines set by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA). Additionally, low-income people have the highest rates of obesity and have difficulty accessing the necessary foods for maintaining a healthful diet.

Context: In December 2007 and January 2008, 21 retail food stores in Central Falls, Rhode Island, where residents were predominantly low-income Hispanics, were evaluated for the availability and costs of foods that fulfill the USDA's Thrifty Food Plan (TFP) guidelines.