Turmeric supplementation improves markers of recovery in elite male footballers: a pilot study.

Football match-play causes muscle damage and provokes an inflammatory response. Rapid recovery is paramount to optimising subsequent performance and reducing injury risk. Turmeric contains high concentrations of curcumin, a polyphenol that has been shown to reduce muscle damage and soreness post-exercise in recreational exercisers.

Closing the Trauma and Critical Care Gap: A Paradigm Shift through Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality.

A nationwide surgeon shortage, particularly with general surgeons and trauma surgeons, continues to plague the civilian and military systems readiness. To fill this shortcoming, we provide a narrative review describing current and potential uses of augmented reality and virtual reality (AR/VR) for synthetic training environments which could significantly improve the Army's wartime medical readiness through improved skills of surgeons and non-surgeon providers. Multiple studies demonstrate the potential benefits of AR/VR in cost, time, and critical medical skills for enhanced care delivery.

Does the presence of programmable implanted devices in patients with early onset scoliosis alter typical operative and postoperative practices? A survey of spine surgeons.

Purpose: Operative and postoperative management of early onset scoliosis (EOS) patients with programmable implanted devices has not been well characterized in the literature. The aim of this study was to describe current practices for pediatric spine surgeons who operate on patients with these devices.

Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to 167 pediatric spine surgeons between January and March of 2021.

Extubation Failure in a Burn Intensive Care Unit: Examination of Contributing Factors.

Extubation failure is associated with negative outcomes making the identification of risk factors for failure paramount. Burn patients experience a high incidence of respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. There is no consensus on the acceptable rate of extubation failure and many conventional indices do not accurately predict extubation outcomes in burn patients.

Single-Fraction Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy: A Paradigm During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic and Beyond?

Purpose: Owing to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, radiation oncology departments have adopted various strategies to deliver radiation therapy safely and efficiently while minimizing the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 transmission among patients and health care providers. One practical strategy is to deliver stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in a single fraction, which has been well established for treating bone metastases, although it has been infrequently used for other extracranial sites.

Methods And Materials: A PubMed search of published articles in English related to single-fraction SBRT was performed.

Regionalization of Isolated Pediatric Femur Fracture Treatment: Recent Trends Observed Using the Kids' Inpatient Database.

Background: Isolated pediatric femur fractures have historically been treated at local hospitals. Pediatric referral patterns have changed in recent years, diverting patients to high volume centers. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the treatment location of isolated pediatric femur fractures and concomitant trends in length of stay and cost of treatment.

The Accuracy of Acetabular Cup Positioning Using Patient-Specific 3D Orientation Guidance in Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Introduction: Malpositioning of the acetabular cup during total hip arthroplasty (THA) increases the risk of certain complications and shortens the lifespan of the prosthetic joint. Therefore, the accurate placement of the acetabular component during a THA is a necessary contributing factor to its successful outcome. The different methods of intraoperative estimation of acetabular component positioning are quite varied and sometimes may be inaccurate.

Preinjury statin use and thromboembolic events in trauma: a 10-year retrospective evaluation.

Background: Traumatic injury is well known to increase the risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTEs), occurring in up to 58% of trauma patients. Statin medications have significant anti-inflammatory properties and have been shown to reduce the risk of VTE. We hypothesized that trauma patients who received statin medication before injury would have a lower incidence of VTE after injury.

Accuracy of patient-specific instrumentation in anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.

Purpose: Glenoid component malposition is associated with poor function and early failure of both anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. Glenoid positioning is challenging particularly in the setting of bone loss or deformity. Recently, the use of computer assistance has been shown to reduce implantation error.

IMRT treatment of anal cancer with a scrotal shield.

The risk of sterility in males undergoing radiotherapy in the pelvic region indicates the use of a shielding device, which offers protection to the testes for patients wishing to maintain fertility. The use of such devices in the realm of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in the pelvic region can pose many obstacles during simulation, treatment planning, and delivery of radiotherapy. This work focuses on the development and execution of an IMRT plan for the treatment of anal cancer using a scrotal shielding device on a clinical patient.

Commissioning of Varian ring & tandem HDR applicators: reproducibility and interobserver variability of dwell position offsets.

Studies have shown that source dwells within Varian's HDR CT/MR compatible ring applicators can deviate from intended positions by several millimeters. Quantifying this offset is an important part of commissioning. The aims of this study were to: 1) determine the reproducibility of the offset, 2) study the interobserver variation in the offset's measurement, and 3) quantify the dosimetric impact of the offset.

An image-guided technique for planning and verification of supine craniospinal irradiation.

We present a technique for planning and verification of craniospinal treatment with the patient in the supine position. Treatment delivery and verification is streamlined through the use of modern imaging techniques. Treatments use two lateral brain fields abutted to a single or pair of posterior spine fields.

Arc-modulated radiation therapy based on linear models.

This paper reports an inverse arc-modulated radiation therapy planning technique based on linear models. It is implemented with a two-step procedure. First, fluence maps for 36 fixed-gantry beams are generated using a linear model-based intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) optimization algorithm.

Similarities between static and rotational intensity-modulated plans.

The aim of this study was to explore similarities between intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and intensity-modulated arc therapy (IMAT) techniques in the context of the number of multi-leaf collimator (MLC) segments required to achieve plan objectives, the major factor influencing plan quality. Three clinical cases with increasing complexity were studied: (a) prostate only, (b) prostate and seminal vesicles and (c) prostate and pelvic lymph nodes. Initial 'gold-standard' plans with the maximum possible organ-at-risk sparing were generated for all three cases.

Comparison of online IGRT techniques for prostate IMRT treatment: adaptive vs repositioning correction.

This study compares three online image guidance techniques (IGRT) for prostate IMRT treatment: bony-anatomy matching, soft-tissue matching, and online replanning. Six prostate IMRT patients were studied. Five daily CBCT scans from the first week were acquired for each patient to provide representative "snapshots" of anatomical variations during the course of treatment.

Addressing relative motion of tumors and normal tissue during dynamic MLC tracking delivery.

A general methodology for addressing relative motion of targets and normal tissue for dynamic-MLC (DMLC) tracking is discussed. The basic idea is to exploit the extra degrees of freedom that tissue motion introduces into DMLC delivery. This principle is illustrated through the use of a simple example which uses a moving rigid target whose projection in the beam's eye view intersects a stationary critical organ.

4D DMLC leaf sequencing to minimize organ at risk dose in moving anatomy.

The most favorable treatment for moving body anatomy should aim at utilizing organ motion to minimize the dose to sensitive structures without compromising the dose delivered to the target. The solution of the problem of appropriate intensity redistribution over different phases of body motion is achievable in dynamic multileaf collimator (DMLC) intensity modulated radiation therapy delivery, due to the fact that multiple solutions are admissible for imposing the same intensity map over a moving target in this technique of irradiation. The realization of this type of delivery provides a treatment methodology that delivers treatment plans for moving patient anatomy that are superior to any treatments possible for static patient body anatomy.

Dynamic-MLC leaf control utilizing on-flight intensity calculations: a robust method for real-time IMRT delivery over moving rigid targets.

An algorithm is presented that allows for the control of multileaf collimation (MLC) leaves based entirely on real-time calculations of the intensity delivered over the target. The algorithm is capable of efficiently correcting generalized delivery errors without requiring the interruption of delivery (self-correcting trajectories), where a generalized delivery error represents anything that causes a discrepancy between the delivered and intended intensity profiles. The intensity actually delivered over the target is continually compared to its intended value.