Diagnostic accuracy of clinical signs and symptoms for psychogenic nonepileptic attacks versus epileptic seizures: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Psychogenic nonepileptic attacks (PNEA) are events of altered behavior that resemble epileptic seizures (ES) but are not caused by abnormal electrical cortical activity. Understanding which clinical signs and symptoms are associated with PNEA may allow better triaging for video-electroencephalogram monitoring (VEM) and for a more accurate prediction when such testing is unavailable.

Methods: We performed a systematic review searching Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central from inception to March 29, 2019.

WSB1: from homeostasis to hypoxia.

The wsb1 gene has been identified to be important in developmental biology and cancer. A complex transcriptional regulation of wsb1 yields at least three functional transcripts. The major expressed isoform, WSB1 protein, is a substrate recognition protein within an E3 ubiquitin ligase, with the capability to bind diverse targets and mediate ubiquitinylation and proteolytic degradation.