Comparison of Liquid to Particle Embolics in a Translational Rat Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Histologic and Radiographic Responses.

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of transarterial embolization (TAE) using a liquid embolic (LE) to TAE using a particle embolic (PE) based on radiographic and histologic response in a translational rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials And Methods: HCC was induced in Wistar rats using diethylnitrosamine. Tumor response was determined through RECIST applied to T2-weighted MRI scans.

Outcomes of Transarterial Embolization for Acute Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Correlation with Periprocedural Endoscopy.

Purpose: To evaluate gastric and intestinal mucosal changes on postembolic endoscopy and mortality after transarterial embolization (TAE) for upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB).

Materials And Methods: An institutional review board-approved retrospective review of patients who underwent arteriography for refractory UGIB at a multicenter health system from December 2003 to August 2019 was performed. Two hundred sixty-nine patients underwent TAE for UGIB.

Radial Flow Perfusion Enables Real-Time Profiling of Cellular Metabolism at Low Oxygen Levels with Hyperpolarized C NMR Spectroscopy.

In this study, we describe new methods for studying cancer cell metabolism with hyperpolarized C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HP C MRS) that will enable quantitative studies at low oxygen concentrations. Cultured hepatocellular carcinoma cells were grown on the surfaces of non-porous microcarriers inside an NMR spectrometer. They were perfused radially from a central distributer in a modified NMR tube (bioreactor).

Altered copper homeostasis underlies sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma to copper chelation.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary liver cancer, of which ∼800 000 new cases will be diagnosed worldwide this year, portends a five-year survival rate of merely 17% in patients with unresectable disease. This dismal prognosis is due, at least in part, from the late stage of diagnosis and the limited efficacy of systemic therapies. As a result, there is an urgent need to identify risk factors that contribute to HCC initiation and provide targetable vulnerabilities to improve patient survival.

Medical Student Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Initial Experiences Implementing a Virtual Interventional Radiology Elective Course.

Rationale And Objectives: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic reducing medical student presence on clinical services and in classrooms, academic institutions are utilizing a virtual format to continue medical student education. We describe a successful initial experience implementing a virtual elective in interventional radiology (IR) and provide the course framework, student feedback, and potential improvements.

Materials And Methods: A 2-week virtual IR elective curriculum was created utilizing a combination of synchronous and asynchronous learning and the "flipped" classroom educational model.

Hyperpolarized Metabolic Imaging Detects Latent Hepatocellular Carcinoma Domains Surviving Locoregional Therapy.

Background And Aims: Advances in cancer treatment have improved survival; however, local recurrence and metastatic disease-the principal causes of cancer mortality-have limited the ability to achieve durable remissions. Local recurrences arise from latent tumor cells that survive therapy and are often not detectable by conventional clinical imaging techniques. Local recurrence after transarterial embolization (TAE) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) provides a compelling clinical correlate of this phenomenon.

Factors impacting technical success rate of image-guided intra-arterial therapy in rat orthotopic liver tumor model.

Transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the current standard of care for intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. To study the effects of TACE in the tumor immune microenvironment, an immunocompetent rat model is required. The purpose of this study was to determine factors influencing technical success during hepatic arterial catheterization in immunocompetent orthotopic rat liver models.

Angiographic Atlas of the Visceral Vascular Anatomy in Translational Rat Models.

Purpose: To characterize angiographic and cross-sectional imaging anatomy of the rat visceral vasculature in 2 translational models.

Materials And Methods: Animal studies were conducted in accordance with institutional guidelines and approval of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees. Retrospective review of digital subtraction arteriography was performed in 65 Wistar and 50 Sprague-Dawley male rats through a left common carotid artery or right common femoral artery approach.

Clear Cell Chondrosarcoma With Chondroblastoma-Like Features: A Case for Team Diagnosis.

Clear cell chondrosarcoma (CCCS) is a rare variant of conventional chondrosarcoma with low-grade malignant features that may be confused radiographically and histologically with chondroblastoma. We report a case of a 50-year-old female who presented with 6 months of left hip pain. Initial radiographs demonstrated an osteolytic lesion with adjacent area of sclerosis in the proximal left femur.

The 2017 Integrated IR Residency Match: Results of a National Survey of Applicants and Program Directors.

Purpose: To characterize and compare the experiences of matched applicants and program directors (PDs) participating in the first large-scale integrated interventional radiology (IR) residency match.

Materials And Methods: Survey questionnaires were distributed nationally to integrated IR applicants who matched in the 2017 Match cycle and PDs. Both groups were questioned regarding their experiences with the application, interview, rank, and match processes as well as applicant-specific and PD-specific information.

Increasing Medical Student Exposure to IR through Integration of IR into the Gross Anatomy Course.

Purpose: To compare medical student knowledge of and interest in interventional radiology (IR) before and after the integration of an IR lecture series within the gross anatomy course.

Materials And Methods: Four elective IR lectures were scheduled to coincide with the relevant anatomy dissection curriculum. Anonymous surveys were distributed to 146 students before and after the lectures regarding students' knowledge of and interest in IR, responsibilities of an IR physician, and IR training pathways.

Relative Initial Weight Is Associated with Improved Survival without Altering Tumor Latency in a Translational Rat Model of Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Transarterial Embolization.

Purpose: To test the hypotheses that (i) heavier rats demonstrate improved survival with diminished fibrosis in a diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and (ii) transarterial embolization via femoral artery access decreases procedure times versus carotid access.

Materials And Methods: One hundred thirty-eight male Wistar rats ingested 0.01% DEN in water ad libitum for 12 weeks.

The Role of Interventional Radiology Techniques in the Management of Renal Angiomyolipomas.

Purpose Of Review: Although benign, renal angiomyolipoma (AML) may lead to serious complications without appropriate management. The purpose of this review is to describe the role of and evidence for interventional radiology techniques in the management of patients with AML.

Recent Findings: For patients with renal masses and non-diagnostic imaging studies, image-guided percutaneous biopsy is found to be highly accurate and useful in directing patient management.

The Value of Rotational Venography Versus Anterior-Posterior Venography in 100 Consecutive IVC Filter Retrievals.

Purpose: Accurately detecting inferior vena cava (IVC) filter complications is important for safe and successful retrieval as tip-embedded filters require removal with non-standard techniques. Venography prior to IVC filter retrieval has traditionally used a single anterior-posterior (AP) projection. This study compares the utility of rotational venography to AP venography prior to IVC filter removal.

RACER: dynamic use of environmental measurement data for decision making and communication.

To facilitate access to and use of environmental measurement data, Risk Assessment Corporation has developed a data management system as part of its Risk Analysis, Communication, Evaluation, and Reduction process. The concepts of data consistency are not new, but many data management applications are developed around managing the entire data life cycle, rather than on using the data to reach meaningful conclusions. The RACER process is specifically focused on the efficient use of available data to promote sound decision making.