Think With Your Gut: A Retrospective Analysis on the Effects of Chronic Gastrointestinal Illness and Psychiatric Comorbidities.

Background: As mental health awareness increases, healthcare professionals must understand the interplay between chronic gastrointestinal (GI) conditions and psychological well-being, particularly regarding healthcare utilization. This study uniquely aggregates various chronic GI disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and eosinophilic esophagitis, to examine their impact on depression and anxiety.

Methods: Utilizing a retrospective observational design, we analyzed data from 34,876 patients admitted to HCA national hospitals from January 2016 to December 2022.

Evaluating the Impact of Phosphatidylethanol Testing on Hospital Outcomes.

Background: Alcohol dependence remains a significant global health issue, exacerbated by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Phosphatidylethanol (PEth), a direct biomarker of recent alcohol consumption, offers improved specificity, sensitivity, and a longer detection window of 2 - 4 weeks compared to traditional biomarkers. This study evaluates the association between PEth testing and hospital outcomes in hospitalized patients by comparing outcomes among patients with positive PEth and negative PEth test results.

A Real-World Evidence Primer for Advanced Practice Providers: Integrating P-Reality X Into Shared Decision-Making for People With HR+/HER2- Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Advanced practice providers in oncology are now likely to encounter real-world data (RWD) studies in addition to data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in their practice. Real-world evidence derived from RWD can provide important information about a therapeutic agent's effectiveness outside of the confines of RCTs. It is important to understand how these studies are conducted and how data from these two types of studies can be interpreted and integrated for practical clinical use and shared decision-making.

Knock-in Rabbit Model of Long QT Syndrome Type-2, Epilepsy, and Sudden Death.

Background: Long QT Syndrome Type-2 (LQT2) is due to loss-of-function variants. encodes K 11.1 that forms a delayed-rectifier potassium channel in the brain and heart.

A Technique for the Internalization of Nephroureteral Stents in Patients With Ileal Conduits.

We present a method of internalization of nephroureteral stents to internalized ureteral stents in a patient with an ileac conduit urostomy with radiation-induced ureteral strictures, and recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). This technique is applicable to patients requiring internalization of nephroureteral stents in the setting of an ileal conduit, emphasizing patient consent, preparation, position, imaging guidance, and antibiotic prophylaxis. The successful application of this technique offers a practical solution for managing recurrent UTIs in patients with similar medical histories, providing both clinical and procedural insights.

Global, regional, and national burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risks: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.

Background: The global burden of metabolic diseases is increasing, but estimates of their impact on primary liver cancer are uncertain. We aimed to assess the global burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risk factors, including high body mass index (BMI) and high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, between 1990 and 2021.

Methods: The total number and age-standardized rates of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from primary liver cancer attributable to each metabolic risk factor were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.

Catheter Tip Migration in Female Patients With Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Comparative Study of Right- and Left-Sided Chest Ports.

Chest ports are typically inserted via the right internal jugular vein with the left side being utilized in certain patient populations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dynamic position of the chest port and catheter tip, comparing a demographically matched cohort of female breast cancer patients with right- or left-sided chest ports. 142 female patients with breast cancer requiring chest port insertion for chemotherapy and imaging confirming catheter tip position initially with supine fluoroscopy and follow-up with erect chest radiography over a 5-year period were identified.

EZH2 deletion does not impact acinar regeneration but restricts progression to pancreatic cancer in mice.

Enhancer of Zeste Homologue 2 (EZH2) is part of the Polycomb Repressor Complex 2, which promotes trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3) and genes repression. EZH2 is overexpressed in many cancers and studies in mice attributed both pro-oncogenic and tumor suppressive functions to EZH2 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). EZH2 deletion enhances de novo KRAS-driven neoplasia following pancreatic injury, while increased EZH2 expression in PDAC patients is correlated to poor prognosis, suggesting a context-dependant effect for EZH2 in PDAC progression.

Frame Running as a community-based exercise option for young people with moderate-to-severe walking impairments: a feasibility study.

Frame Running is an adapted community-based exercise option for people with moderate-to-severe walking impairments. This mixed-methods study aimed to examine the feasibility of 1) community-based Frame Running by young people with moderate-to-severe walking impairments and 2) conducting future studies on the impact of Frame Running on functional mobility and cardiometabolic disease risk factors. Weekly training sessions and data collection occurred in two sites.

Anal Sphincter Reconstruction Using the Posterior Sagittal Approach for Pediatric Perineal Trauma.

Traumatic perineal injuries are rare but can result in significant morbidity, particularly when the anal sphincter is injured. The management of such injuries in the pediatric population is rarely noted in the literature. We aimed to describe reconstruction in such patients using lessons learned in reoperative anorectal malformation surgery.

High prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among adolescents and young adults attending HIV and sexual health clinics.

Background: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among Thai adults is 0.5%-1.0%.

Antibiotic Use and Subsequent Cognitive Decline and Dementia Risk in Healthy Older Adults.

Background And Objectives: Antibiotics rapidly reduce intestinal bacterial diversity, leading to dysbiosis that persists for months to years. Although emerging evidence from retrospective and claims-based studies has linked dysbiosis to cognitive function, prospective data are lacking. We aim to examine the prospective association of antibiotics with cognitive aging among initially healthy older adults.

Challenges prescribing and dispensing oral antibiotics with poor palatability for paediatric patients: A qualitative interview study with GPs and pharmacists.

Background: Poor palatability of antibiotics is a key cause for non-adherence to antibiotic treatment among children. Failure to complete antibiotic treatment because of poor palatability can cause disease recurrence and may contribute to increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the experience and challenges faced by general practitioners (GPs) and community pharmacists regarding prescribing and dispensing oral liquid antibiotics for children and the impact of poorly palatable antibiotic formulations on patients and the health-system.

A consensus platform for antibody characterization.

Antibody-based research applications are critical for biological discovery. Yet there are no industry standards for comparing the performance of antibodies in various applications. We describe a knockout cell line-based antibody characterization platform, developed and approved jointly by industry and academic researchers, that enables the systematic comparison of antibody performance in western blot, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence.

Relationships between patient and physician global assessments in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis.

Introduction/objectives: Patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) experience reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Global assessment tools use visual analogue scales to provide patients' and physicians' views on disease activity or the patient's overall health and well-being. The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between patient and physician global assessments (PtGA and PhGa) as they relate to overall health in people with AAV.

Prenatal cannabis exposure and the risk of subsequent maltreatment.

Background: Parental substance use can increase the risk of child maltreatment.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess racial bias in newborn drug testing and to investigate the association between prenatal tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) exposure and subsequent child maltreatment.

Participants And Setting: This retrospective cohort study (n = 35,437) linked University of Michigan Hospital birth data and Michigan Department of Health and Human Services child maltreatment data relative to a 2018 policy change.

Erratum: Burden of disease attributable to high body mass index: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.

Barriers and enablers to the management of osteoarthritis in primary care in Ireland from the perspective of healthcare professionals and individuals with osteoarthritis: a qualitative study using the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Objectives: To explore the barriers and enablers to providing and receiving primary care for osteoarthritis (OA) in Ireland from the perspectives of primary care healthcare professionals (HCPs) and individuals with OA.

Design: Descriptive qualitative study incorporating an inductive thematic analysis to identify key barrier and enabler themes and subsequent deductive mapping to the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF).

Setting: Primary care in Ireland.

Memory: Using the past to anticipate the future.

Memories can be decoded from brain responses and eye movements. A combined electroencephalogram-eyetracking study now shows that learning is marked by dynamic shifts in brain patterns and eye movements that go from remembering the past to anticipating the future.

Exploring prostate-specific antigen (PSA) Testing rates and screening disparities in the all of us dataset.

Purpose: To examine prostate cancer (PCa) screening disparities among ethnic groups in the U.S. using the All of Us database.

Associations between MASLD, atrial fibrillation, cardiovascular events, mortality and aspirin use in older adults.

The impact of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), the preferred nomenclature for NAFLD, on cardiovascular health and mortality among older adults is uncertain. As such, we aimed to identify whether MASLD increases the risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) (a composite of fatal coronary heart disease [excluding heart failure], nonfatal myocardial infarction, or fatal or nonfatal ischemic stroke), Atrial Fibrillation (AF), or all-cause mortality in older adults, and whether aspirin attenuates these risks in individuals with MASLD. This is a non-prespecified post-hoc analysis of the ASPREE (ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly) randomized trial.

CT-Based Lung Size Matching in Delayed Chest Closure for Systemic Sclerosis Lung Transplantation.

Purpose: Delayed chest closure (DCC) during lung transplantation (LTx) is a controversial surgical approach that lacks research in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. We investigated outcomes, clinical risk factors, and CT-based lung size-matching parameters associated with DCC in SSc recipients.

Methods: This retrospective study included 92 SSc recipients (age 51 years ± 10, 56/92 (61.

Technology Assessment vs. Technology Appraisal-How to Strengthen the Science/Value Dichotomy with EU HTA?

Many countries around the world use health technology assessment (HTA) to inform reimbursement and pricing decisions. HTA is often split into two steps, called assessment and appraisal. While the term HTA itself has been defined by international consortia, there is heterogeneity in the way different stakeholders use the terms assessment and appraisal.

Global burden of disease attributable to metabolic risk factors in adolescents and young adults aged 15-39, 1990-2021.

Background: Metabolic risk factors are a significant cause of global burden among adolescents and young adults, but there is a lack of attention to the burden attributable to these metabolic risk factors globally.

Aims: This study aims to provide comprehensive estimates of five important metabolic risk factors and the attributable disease burden in people aged 15-39 years from 1990 to 2021, based on the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) database.

Methods: Global total deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were used to describe the burden attributable to five common metabolic risk factors, including high fasting plasma glucose (FPG), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high systolic blood pressure (SBP), high body mass index (BMI), and kidney dysfunction, in adolescents and young adults.