Continuous Subcutaneous Levodopa Delivery for Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Study.

Background: ND0612 is a continuous, subcutaneous levodopa/carbidopa delivery system in development for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) experiencing motor fluctuationsObjective:Evaluate the efficacy and safety of two ND0612 dosing regimens in patients with PD.

Methods: This was a 28-day open-label study (NCT02577523) in PD patients with ≥2.5 hours/day of OFF time despite optimized treatment.

Essential parameters for structural analysis and dereplication by (1)H NMR spectroscopy.

The present study demonstrates the importance of adequate precision when reporting the δ and J parameters of frequency domain (1)H NMR (HNMR) data. Using a variety of structural classes (terpenoids, phenolics, alkaloids) from different taxa (plants, cyanobacteria), this study develops rationales that explain the importance of enhanced precision in NMR spectroscopic analysis and rationalizes the need for reporting Δδ and ΔJ values at the 0.1-1 ppb and 10 mHz level, respectively.

Chromatographic methods for the quantification of free and chelated gadolinium species in MRI contrast agent formulations.

Speciation measurements of gadolinium in liposomal MRI contrast agents (CAs) are complicated by the presence of emulsifiers, surfactants, and therapeutic agents in the formulations. The present paper describes two robust, hyphenated chromatography methods for the separation and quantification of gadolinium in nanoemulsion-based CA formulations. Three potential species of gadolinium, free gadolinium ion, gadolinium chelated by diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, and gadolinium chelated by 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, were present in the CA formulations.

Determination of organic acids in Vaccinium berry standard reference materials.

Nine organic acids (citric acid, galacturonic acid, glycolic acid, isocitric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, quinic acid, shikimic acid, and tartaric acid) and two anions (phosphate and sulfate) were determined in a suite of Vaccinium berry-containing dietary supplement standard reference materials (SRMs). Following solvent extraction, three independent methods were utilized in the quantification of these compounds. The first method involved reversed-phase liquid chromatography with ultraviolet absorbance detection at 210 nm and isotope dilution mass spectrometry.

Development of a fluorescence-based assay to screen antiviral drugs against Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus.

Tumors associated with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection include Kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman's disease. Virtually all of the tumor cells in these cancers are latently infected and dependent on the virus for survival. Latent viral proteins maintain the viral genome and are required for tumorigenesis.

Advanced applications of counter-current chromatography in the isolation of anti-tuberculosis constituents from Dracaena angustifolia.

Through several steps of in vitro based bioassay-guided fractionation, three highly potent anti-mycobacterial constituents (1-2 microg/mL minimum inhibitory concentrations) were isolated from Dracaena angustifolia Roxb. (Dracaenaceae). Isolation was expedited due to the application of new techniques in counter-current chromatography (CCC).

Ethnopharmacological evaluation of the informant consensus model on anti-tuberculosis claims among the Manus.

Ethnobotanists often utilize predictive models to analyze the potential of indigenously used medicinal plants. The most common of these prognostic models is the informant consensus model. This study evaluates use of this model through the analytical ethnopharmacology of Manus Province, Papua New Guinea (PNG).

New perspectives on natural products in TB drug research.

The challenge of discovering new, urgently needed anti-TB drugs from natural sources requires a truly interdisciplinary research. Cutting-edge mycobacteriology and innovative natural products chemistry tools have to be developed and employed in tandem, in order to meet these demands. The present review provides cross-linkage to the most recent literature on anti-TB active natural products and summarizes the recent developments in both fields and their potential to impact the early steps of the TB drug discovery process.

Anti-tuberculosis constituents from the stem bark of Micromelum hirsutum.

Anti-TB bioassay-directed fractionation led to the isolation of six carbazole alkaloids, as well as the gamma-lactone derivative of oleic acid, from the CH (2)Cl (2) extract of the stem bark of Micromelum hirsutum. The carbazoles include the new micromeline ( 2) and five known alkaloids: lansine ( 3), 3-methylcarbazole ( 4), methyl carbazole-3-carboxylate ( 5), 3-formylcarbazole ( 6), and 3-formyl-6-methoxycarbazole ( 7). Compound 1 was identified as the lactone derivative of oleic acid, (-)- Z-9-octadecene-4-olide, for which the trivial name micromolide ( 1) is suggested.