Towards multiscale systems modeling of endocardial to mesenchymal transition.

Cell behavior during endocardial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) was simulated using the cellular Potts formalism in Compucell 3D. The processes of loss of endocardial cohesion and invasion into the extracellular matrix (ECM) were stimulated by changing surface energy parameters. The simulations match in vitro results which suggest that endocardial motility on the surface of collagen gel can be induced separately from 3D invasion of the gel, via Notch signaling in the absence of BMP2.

Multiscale systems modeling of the tetralogy of Fallot.

This paper provides a first description of a multiscale systems modeling approach applied to the congenital birth defect known as the tetralogy of Fallot. The multiscale approach adopted owes a lot to the effort of the world-wide physiome consortium and the work of research groups within the European Union on the Virtual Physiological Human. Both a spatial scale and time scale are used to establish the systems boundaries of the application.