The impact of a positive COVID-19 test on timeliness of radiation in patients receiving brachytherapy.

Background: Delays in initiating and completing brachytherapy may have adverse oncologic outcomes for patients with cervical, uterine, and prostate cancer. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on brachytherapy in the United States has not been well-characterized.

Objectives: We aim to evaluate how a positive COVID-19 test affected timeliness of treatment for patients undergoing brachytherapy for cervical, uterine, and prostate cancer.

Validation of the Combined Clinical Cell-Cycle Risk Score to Prognosticate Early Prostate Cancer Metastasis From Biopsy Specimens and Comparison With Other Routinely Used Risk Classifiers.

Purpose: We aim to independently validate the prognostic utility of the combined cell-cycle risk (CCR) multimodality threshold to estimate risk of early metastasis after definitive treatment of prostate cancer and compare this prognostic ability with other validated biomarkers.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer were enrolled into a single-institutional registry for the prospective observational cohort study. The primary end point was risk of metastasis within 3 years of diagnostic biopsy.

Multi-Institutional Analysis of Cancer Patient Exposure, Perceptions, and Trust in Information Sources Regarding Complementary and Alternative Medicine.

Purpose: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use during cancer treatment is controversial. We aim to evaluate contemporary CAM use, patient perceptions and attitudes, and trust in various sources of information regarding CAM.

Methods: A multi-institutional questionnaire was distributed to patients receiving cancer treatment.

Survival outcomes for patients with T3N0M0 squamous cell carcinoma of the glottis treated with definitive radiation alone versus chemoradiation.

Background: Given the poor lymphatics of the glottis, we evaluated omission of chemotherapy in patients treated definitely for T3N0M0 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the glottis.

Methods: We performed survival analysis of patients with T3N0M0 SCC of the glottis identified in the National Cancer Database treated with radiation alone versus chemoradiation.

Results: A total of 3785 patients were identified.

Second Primary Malignancies in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Survivors with 40 Years of Follow Up: Influence of Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy.

Purpose: Previous studies have shown an increased risk of second primary malignancies (SPMs) in survivors of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Survivors live longer due to the intensification of and improvements in therapy; thus, we aimed to characterize SPM patterns in patients with DLBCL by treatment modality.

Methods And Materials: Standardized incidence ratio and absolute excess risk of SPMs were assessed in patients with primary DLBCL from 1975 to 2016 in the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program.

Evaluating patterns of care for early-stage low-grade follicular lymphoma in the rituximab era.

Radiotherapy (RT) utilization for early-stage, low-grade follicular lymphoma (FL) is low despite treatment guideline recommendations. We compare treatment trends for early-stage FL in the era of involved-site RT and rituximab. We identified 11,645 patients in the National Cancer Database (NCDB) with stage I-II, grade 1-2 nodal or extranodal FL diagnosed 2011-2017, with median follow-up of 44 months.

Radiation Oncology Virtual Education Rotation (ROVER) 2.0 for Residents: Implementation and Outcomes.

The COVID-19 pandemic catalyzed the integration of a virtual education curriculum to support radiation oncologists in training. We report outcomes from Radiation Oncology Virtual Education Rotation (ROVER) 2.0, a supplementary virtual educational curriculum created for radiation oncology residents globally.

Radical trachelectomy and adjuvant vaginal brachytherapy to preserve fertility in pediatric cervical adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: This case report describes the use of a trachelectomy and adjuvant vaginal brachytherapy for pediatric clear cell adenocarcinoma as definitive fertility-sparing treatment.

Methods And Materials: A previously healthy 8-year-old female presented with abdominal cramping and heavy vaginal bleeding. Diagnostic imaging revealed a 3.

Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities in Delay to Initiation of Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy.

Purpose: Delays in initiation of radiotherapy may contribute to inferior oncologic outcomes that are more commonly observed in minoritized populations in the United States. We aimed to examine inequities associated with delayed initiation of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).

Materials And Methods: The National Cancer Database was queried to identify the 10 cancer sites most commonly treated with IMRT.

Patterns of care and outcomes of early stage I-II Hodgkin lymphoma treated with or without radiation therapy.

Omission of radiotherapy in the upfront management of early-stage classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) has become more common with time. We report patterns of care and outcomes of stage I-II cHL treated with chemotherapy (CT) only versus CT and radiotherapy (combined modality therapy, CMT). From the National Cancer Database, we identified 28,327 early-stage cHL patients treated with CT ( = 15,798) or CMT ( = 12,529) from 2004 to 2018.

The Clinical Significance of Maximum Tumor Diameter on MRI in Men Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy or Definitive Radiotherapy for Locoregional Prostate Cancer.

Introduction: Maximum tumor diameter (MTD) on pretreatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the potential to further risk stratify for men with prostate cancer (PCa) prior to definitive local therapy. We aim to evaluate the prognostic impact of radiographic maximum tumor diameter (MTD) in men with localized prostate cancer.

Patients And Methods: From a single-center retrospective cohort of men receiving definitive treatment for PCa (radical prostatectomy [RP] or radiotherapy [RT]) with available pretreatment MRI, we conducted univariable and multivariable Cox proportional-hazards models for progression using clinical variables including age, NCCN risk group, radiographic extracapsular extension (ECE), radiographic seminal vesical invasion (SVI), and MTD.

Feasibility and Clinical Utility of a Workflow Interfacing Radiation Oncology Lung Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Treatment Planning and Diagnostic Radiology.

Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is commonly used to treat early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Beam arrangements for SBRT include multiple entry and exit pathways resulting in irregular low-dose distributions within normal lung parenchyma. An improved understanding of posttreatment radiographic changes may improve the ability to predict clinical complications including radiation pneumonitis as well as assist in early detection of local failures.

Worsening Racial Disparities in Utilization of Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy.

Purpose: The benefits of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) compared with standard 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy have been demonstrated in many cancer sites and include decreased acute and late toxicity, improved quality of life, and opportunities for dose escalation. Limited literature suggests non-white patients may have lower utilization of IMRT. We hypothesized that as the use of IMRT has increased in recent years, racial inequities have persisted and disproportionately affect non-Hispanic Black (NHB) patients.

Nomograms for Metastasis-Free and Overall Survival for Pathologically Node Positive Prostate Cancer Patients Treated With or Without Radiation Therapy Plus Short-Term ADT.

Purpose/objectives: We aimed to develop nomograms to predict the risk reduction for metastasis and death in pathologically node-positive (pN +) prostate cancer patients treated with or without radiation therapy (RT).

Materials/methods: From a prospectively gathered institutional database, we identified patients with pN + M0 prostate cancer after surgery. We evaluated several regression models of known or suspected clinical-pathologic covariates and selected the model with the highest Harrell's concordance-index (c-index) and clinical utility to prognosticate metastasis for inclusion in a nomogram.

Comparing adjuvant radiation to adjuvant chemoradiation in postsurgical p16+ oropharyngeal carcinoma patients with extranodal extension or positive margins.

Background: Adjuvant guidelines in surgically resected p16+ oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC) with positive surgical margins (PSM) or extranodal extension (ENE) are based on randomized controlled trials predating p16 status. It remains unclear if adjuvant chemotherapy is necessary in p16+ patients with these features.

Methods: The National Cancer Database was used to identify cases of nonmetastatic p16+ OPC diagnosed from 2010 to 2017.

The Effect of Maximum Tumor Diameter by MRI on Disease Control in Intermediate and High-risk Prostate Cancer Patients Treated With Brachytherapy Boost.

Background: Larger maximum tumor diameter (MTD) has been associated with worse prostate cancer (PCa) outcomes. However, the impact of MTD in PCa treated with external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy boost (EBRT+BB) remains unknown.

Materials And Methods: Patients with PCa treated with EBRT+BB were identified from an institutional database.

Patterns of Care and Treatment Outcomes in Locoregional Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Prostate.

Unlabelled: Primary squamous cell carcinoma is a rare, aggressive disease with historically poor outcomes and no established treatment guidelines. Case reports are limited but describe multiple treatment approaches. Seeking to identify practice patterns and treatment outcomes, we used the US National Cancer Data Base to identify 66 males with locoregional primary squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate treated with surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiotherapy between 2004 and 2015.

Temporal Trends and Predictors in Diagnosing Pathologic Node-Positive Prostate Cancer in Clinically Node-Negative Patients.

Introduction: Managing pathologically node positive (pN+) prostate cancer (PCa) is controversial. We describe temporal patterns and predictors of pN+ PCa in men with initially surgically managed clinically node negative (cN-) PCa.

Materials And Methods: This observational retrospective analysis of nonmetastatic, cN- PCa uses the National Cancer Database.

Pretreatment Factors Influencing Radiation Pneumonitis after Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in the Treatment of Lung Cancer.

Objective Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is a dose-limiting toxicity that affects the treatment of lung cancer. Data on factors predictive of developing symptomatic RP after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) are limited. We reviewed data to identify pretreatment factors predictive of the development of symptomatic RP in patients' lung cancer treated with SBRT.

Predictors of Distant Failure After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Stages I to IIA Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: The use of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has emerged as an effective treatment modality for patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with excellent local control rates. Despite this, there is a predominant pattern of distant failure. We sought to identify factors that help predict which patients with stages I to IIA NSCLC treated with SBRT are at highest risk of distant failure, so that we may utilize these factors in the future to help determine which patients may benefit from the addition of systemic therapies.

Practicality of exchanging transparent 3D CT for radiography for pelvic fractures.

Objective: We assess the utility of transparent 3D reconstructed CT images for evaluation of traumatic pelvic bony injuries compared to traditional radiographs.

Methods: Radiographs and 3D reconstructed CT were anonymized and randomized before review by 4 board certified physicians using a standardized questionnaire and compared to a gold-standard axial CT by a fifth board certified physician.

Results: 49 patients were included.

Early suppressive antiretroviral therapy in HIV infection is associated with measurable changes in the corpus callosum.

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of early suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) on brain structure and neurocognitive outcomes. We conducted an observational study of subjects within 1 year of HIV infection. Ten ART-naïve and 10 ART-suppressed individuals were matched for age and infection duration and age-matched to 10 HIV-seronegative controls.

Ad5/48 hexon oncolytic virus expressing sTGFβRIIFc produces reduced hepatic and systemic toxicities and inhibits prostate cancer bone metastases.

We are interested in developing oncolytic adenoviruses for the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) bone metastases. A key limitation of Adenovirus 5 (Ad5) is that upon systemic administration, it produces major liver and systemic toxicities. To address this issue, a chimaeric Ad5/48 adenovirus mHAd.