The genome sequence of the whiskered bat, (Kuhl, 1817).

We present a genome assembly from an individual male (whiskered bat; Chordata; Mammalia; Chiroptera; Vespertilionidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 2,081.20 megabases.

Hepatitis C treatment outcome among people in prison: The SToP-C study.

Background And Aims: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) burden is higher among people in prison given high prevalence of injecting drug use. This study evaluated direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment outcome in prisons.

Methods: The Surveillance and Treatment of Prisoners with hepatitis C (SToP-C) study enrolled individuals incarcerated in four Australian prisons (2017-2019).

Ecological risk from potentially toxic element legacy contamination in sediment from the Forth and Clyde Canal, Scotland, UK.

Industrial activities on the banks of waterways can degrade both the waterbody and the surrounding area and continue to exert pressure on the environment even after the closure of the industries involved. An assessment was undertaken to determine concentration, distribution, mobility and ecological risk of potentially toxic elements (PTE) from legacy contamination in sediments of the Forth and Clyde Canal, UK. Concentrations of PTE, determined by ICP-MS following aqua regia digestion, were 5.

P53 Activation Promotes Maturational Characteristics of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes in 3-Dimensional Suspension Culture Via FOXO-FOXM1 Regulation.

Background: Current protocols generate highly pure human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) in vitro that recapitulate characteristics of mature in vivo cardiomyocytes. Yet, a risk of arrhythmias exists when hiPSC-CMs are injected into large animal models. Thus, understanding hiPSC-CM maturational mechanisms is crucial for clinical translation.

Site-Specific Glycosylation Analysis of Murine and Human Fcγ Receptors Reveals High Heterogeneity at Conserved -Glycosylation Site.

Fc γ-receptors (FcγRs) on leukocytes bind immunoglobulin G (IgG) immune complexes to mediate effector functions. Dysregulation of FcγR-mediated processes contributes to multiple inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and immune thrombocytopenia. Critically, immunoregulatory -glycan modifications on both FcγRs and IgGs alter FcγR-IgG binding affinity.

High prevalence of depression in parents of children with Type 1 diabetes in a meta-analysis of data from five continents.

Aim: This meta-analysis identified the prevalence of depression in parents of children with Type 1 diabetes.

Methods: MEDLINE, PsycINFO and CINAHL databases were searched for papers published in English from 1980 to May 2022, yielding 18 studies (N = 2044 participants). The prevalence of parental depression was pooled across the studies.

Racial-Ethnic Disparities in Hearing Aid Use: Price Responsiveness Among Older Adults with Hearing Loss.

Objective: To explore the role of racial-ethnic background, income, residential context, and historic variation in hearing aid (HA) price HA usage among a nationally representative cohort of older adults with hearing loss.

Methods: Multilevel logistic regression models evaluated data from the 2012 through 2017 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) to 1) compare historic HA use between subgroups, 2) test for differential responsiveness to price changes between racial and ethnic groups, and 3) assess the relative role of demographic characteristics and HA use.

Results: Between 2012 and 2017, the price of economy HAs decreased by 5% while HA use among Non-Hispanic (NH) Whites and Hispanics with hearing loss increased by 30% and 20% respectively, but usage among NH-Blacks increased by less than 10%.

Limited historical admixture between European wildcats and domestic cats.

Domestic cats were derived from the Near Eastern wildcat (Felis lybica), after which they dispersed with people into Europe. As they did so, it is possible that they interbred with the indigenous population of European wildcats (Felis silvestris). Gene flow between incoming domestic animals and closely related indigenous wild species has been previously demonstrated in other taxa, including pigs, sheep, goats, bees, chickens, and cattle.

A systematic review of the clinical impact of small colony variants in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-limiting disorder that is characterised by respiratory tract inflammation that is mediated by a range of microbial pathogens. Small colony variants (SCVs) of common respiratory pathogens are being increasingly recognised in CF. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the prevalence of SCVs, clinical characteristics and health outcomes for patients with CF, and laboratory diagnostic features of SCVs compared to non-small colony variants (NCVs) for a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative respiratory pathogens.

Nebulized caffeine alleviates airway hyperresponsiveness in a murine asthma model.

The clinical definition of "difficult asthma" has expanded recently to include an ever-growing subset of patients with symptoms that cannot be controlled by conventional means, forcing the medical community to develop innovative therapeutics. Beneficial effects of coffee for subjects with asthma, primarily the effect of methylxanthine components, have long been described. Methylxanthines, including theophylline and caffeine, inhibit phosphodiesterases and downstream cAMP signaling to prevent mast cell degranulation while promoting immunomodulation (Peleman RA, Kips JC, Pauwels RA.

Quantifying the Effect of Guest Binding on Host Environment.

The environment around a host-guest complex is defined by intermolecular interactions between the complex, solvent molecules, and counterions. These interactions govern both the solubility of these complexes and the rates of reactions occurring within the host molecules and can be critical to catalytic and separation applications of host-guest systems. However, these interactions are challenging to detect using standard analytical chemistry techniques.

Twinning and development: a genealogy of depoliticisation.

One of the latest methods being trialled across the development sector to help advance progress towards achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is 'twinning'. In this equation, twinning is rendered as a broadly replicable methodology for improving development outcomes, with a particular emphasis on building up human resources and technical capacity within governments and national bureaucracies. It is time-bound, target driven and depoliticised.

Moisturizers, Emollients, or Barrier Preparations for the Prevention of Pressure Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Pressure injuries are prevalent, yet preventable global health care problem estimated to affect 14% of hospital patients and up to 46% of aged care residents. One common prevention strategy is improving skin integrity through emollient therapy to optimize hydration and avoid skin breakdown. Therefore, this study aimed to review the literature and determine effectiveness of inert emollients, moisturizers, and barrier preparations compared with standard care, to prevent pressure injury in aged care or hospital settings.

Inclusion of adults with conditions that have the potential to affect capacity and or communication in research: triangulation from a mixed-methods study of current practice and values across multiple stakeholders.

Objectives: We aimed to: (A) describe researcher decision-making when including or excluding adults with conditions that have the potential to affect capacity and/or communication in research and (B) explore the underlying values and reasoning of stakeholders in research which falls under the provisions of the Mental Capacity Act, 2005.

Design: The mixed-methods design included semistructured interviews with adults with conditions that have the potential to affect capacity and/or communication, supporters, researchers, research ethics committee members and an online survey with researchers. Triangulation was used to integrate the data and examine the complementarity of the findings.