Population genomics of the basket cockle in the southern Salish Sea: Assessing genetic risks of stock enhancement for a culturally important marine bivalve.

Coastal Indigenous communities that rely on subsistence harvests are uniquely vulnerable to declines in nearshore species. The basket cockle is among the favored foods of Indigenous people along the northwest Pacific coast of North America, yet localized declines in their abundance have led to interest in stock enhancement efforts. We used a population genomics approach to examine potential risks associated with stock enhancement of in the southern Salish Sea, a large inland estuary that includes Puget Sound.

Carryover effects of temperature and pCO across multiple Olympia oyster populations.

Predicting how populations will respond to ocean change across generations is critical to effective conservation of marine species. One emerging factor is the influence of parental exposures on offspring phenotype, known as intergenerational carryover effects. Parental exposure may deliver beneficial or detrimental characteristics to offspring that can influence larval recruitment patterns, thus shaping how populations and community structure respond to ocean change.

Impacts of ocean acidification on marine organisms: quantifying sensitivities and interaction with warming.

Ocean acidification represents a threat to marine species worldwide, and forecasting the ecological impacts of acidification is a high priority for science, management, and policy. As research on the topic expands at an exponential rate, a comprehensive understanding of the variability in organisms' responses and corresponding levels of certainty is necessary to forecast the ecological effects. Here, we perform the most comprehensive meta-analysis to date by synthesizing the results of 228 studies examining biological responses to ocean acidification.

Quantifying rates of evolutionary adaptation in response to ocean acidification.

The global acidification of the earth's oceans is predicted to impact biodiversity via physiological effects impacting growth, survival, reproduction, and immunology, leading to changes in species abundances and global distributions. However, the degree to which these changes will play out critically depends on the evolutionary rate at which populations will respond to natural selection imposed by ocean acidification, which remains largely unquantified. Here we measure the potential for an evolutionary response to ocean acidification in larval development rate in two coastal invertebrates using a full-factorial breeding design.

Response to technical comment on `meta-analysis reveals negative yet variable effects of ocean acidification on marine organisms'.

It has been proposed that crustaceans should be excluded from a comparison of biological responses to ocean acidification among organisms with different calcium carbonate (CaCO3 ) forms in their calcified structures. We re-analysed our data without crustaceans and found high variation in organismal responses within CaCO3 categories. We conclude that the CaCO3 polymorph alone does not predict sensitivity, and a consideration of functional differences among organisms is necessary for predicting variation in response to acidification.

INTERSTRAIN VARIABILITY IN PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS OF HETEROSIGMA AKASHIWO (RAPHIDOPHYCEAE) FROM THE WEST COAST OF NORTH AMERICA(1).

High levels of intraspecific variability are often associated with HAB species, and this variability is likely an important factor in their competitive success. Heterosigma akashiwo (Hada) Hada ex Y. Hara et M.

Meta-analysis reveals negative yet variable effects of ocean acidification on marine organisms.

Ocean acidification is a pervasive stressor that could affect many marine organisms and cause profound ecological shifts. A variety of biological responses to ocean acidification have been measured across a range of taxa, but this information exists as case studies and has not been synthesized into meaningful comparisons amongst response variables and functional groups. We used meta-analytic techniques to explore the biological responses to ocean acidification, and found negative effects on survival, calcification, growth and reproduction.