Effects of temperature and nutrient load on the interaction of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and plastic pollution in the marine environment.

Plastic pollution in the marine environment harbors a diverse community of microorganisms called the plastisphere. The plastisphere has been found to contain potential pathogenic species of concern to both marine organisms and human health. This study examines the ability of plastic to harbor Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the leading cause of seafood-borne illness around the globe, in varying environmental conditions.

Beta-band power modulation in the human amygdala during a delayed reach task.

Introduction: The amygdala is mostly known for its roles in emotional processing and social behavior. In recent years, it has been implicated in voluntary motor control due to its structural and functional connectivity with the motor cortex. By investigating whether the amygdala modulates during movement preparation, we can further examine its contributions to motor processing.

Demographic Disparities in Diagnosis and Treatment of Anxiety and Depressive Disorders in Head and Neck Cancer Survivors.

Background: The associations between head and neck cancer (HNC) and anxiety and depression are well-known, but knowledge regarding the association between demographic factors and rates of diagnosis and treatment for these disorders among HNC survivors is incomplete.

Methods: This retrospective study utilized propensity score matching to compare rates of selected new anxiety and/or depressive disorder diagnoses among HNC survivors and treatment of those disorders by sex, race, ethnicity, and language.

Results: Results suggested lower likelihood of anxiety and/or depressive disorder diagnosis among individuals of male sex, and any minority, African American, Asian, and Other race, while diagnosis rates were higher among native Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders.

Association between meningioma consistency and surgical outcomes.

Objective: Tumor consistency, or fibrosity, affects the ability to optimally resect meningiomas, especially with recent trends evolving toward minimally invasive approaches. The authors' team previously validated a practical 5-point scale for intraoperative grading of meningioma consistency. The impact of meningioma consistency on surgical management and outcomes, however, has yet to be explored.

Around-Body Versus On-Body Motion Sensing: A Comparison of Efficacy Across a Range of Body Movements and Scales.

Motion is vital for life. Currently, the clinical assessment of motion abnormalities is largely qualitative. We previously developed methods to quantitatively assess motion using visual detection systems (around-body) and stretchable electronic sensors (on-body).

Age and sex specific thresholds for risk stratification of cardiovascular disease and clinical decision making: prospective open cohort study.

Objective: To quantify the potential advantages of using 10 year risk prediction models for cardiovascular disease, in combination with risk thresholds specific to both age and sex, to identify individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease for allocation of statin treatment.

Design: Prospective open cohort study.

Setting: Primary care data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD, linked with hospital admissions from Hospital Episode Statistics and national mortality records from the Office for National Statistics in England, 1 January 2006 to 31 May 2019.

Cannabis Use and Head and Neck Cancer.

Importance: Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit substance worldwide. Whether cannabis use is associated with head and neck cancer (HNC) is unclear.

Objective: To assess the clinical association between cannabis use and HNC.

Multi-reader multiparametric DECT study evaluating different strengths of iterative and deep learning-based image reconstruction techniques.

Objectives: To perform a multi-reader comparison of multiparametric dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) images reconstructed with deep-learning image reconstruction (DLIR) and standard-of-care adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-V (ASIR-V).

Methods: This retrospective study included 100 patients undergoing portal venous phase abdominal CT on a rapid kVp switching DECT scanner. Six reconstructed DECT sets (ASIR-V and DLIR, each at three strengths) were generated.

Beta-band power modulation in the human amygdala differentiates between go/no-go responses in an arm-reaching task.

. Traditionally known for its involvement in emotional processing, the amygdala's involvement in motor control remains relatively unexplored, with sparse investigations into the neural mechanisms governing amygdaloid motor movement and inhibition. This study aimed to characterize the amygdaloid beta-band (13-30 Hz) power between 'Go' and 'No-go' trials of an arm-reaching task.

Beta-band power classification of go/no-go arm-reaching responses in the human hippocampus.

Can we classify movement execution and inhibition from hippocampal oscillations during arm-reaching tasks? Traditionally associated with memory encoding, spatial navigation, and motor sequence consolidation, the hippocampus has come under scrutiny for its potential role in movement processing. Stereotactic electroencephalography (SEEG) has provided a unique opportunity to study the neurophysiology of the human hippocampus during motor tasks. In this study, we assess the accuracy of discriminant functions, in combination with principal component analysis (PCA), in classifying between 'Go' and 'No-go' trials in a Go/No-go arm-reaching task.

Critical assessment of missense variant effect predictors on disease-relevant variant data.

Regular, systematic, and independent assessment of computational tools used to predict the pathogenicity of missense variants is necessary to evaluate their clinical and research utility and suggest directions for future improvement. Here, as part of the sixth edition of the Critical Assessment of Genome Interpretation (CAGI) challenge, we assess missense variant effect predictors (or variant impact predictors) on an evaluation dataset of rare missense variants from disease-relevant databases. Our assessment evaluates predictors submitted to the CAGI6 Annotate-All-Missense challenge, predictors commonly used by the clinical genetics community, and recently developed deep learning methods for variant effect prediction.

Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Resection of Pituitary Adenomas in Patients Presenting With Monocular Blindness.

Background And Objectives: Suprasellar tumors, particularly pituitary adenomas (PAs), commonly present with visual decline, and the endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach (EETA) is the primary management for optic apparatus decompression. Patients presenting with complete preoperative monocular blindness comprise a high-risk subgroup, given concern for complete blindness. This retrospective cohort study evaluates outcomes after EETA for patients with PA presenting with monocular blindness.

Clinical Intricacies and Advances in Neuroendocrine Tumors: An Organ-Based Multidisciplinary Approach.

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare neoplasms originating from neuroendocrine cells, with increasing incidence due to enhanced detection methods. These tumors display considerable heterogeneity, necessitating diverse management strategies based on factors like organ of origin and tumor size. This article provides a comprehensive overview of therapeutic approaches for NENs, emphasizing the role of imaging in treatment decisions.

Understanding the human conflict processing network: A review of the literature on direct neural recordings during performance of a modified stroop task.

The Stroop Task is a well-known neuropsychological task developed to investigate conflict processing in the human brain. Our group has utilized direct intracranial neural recordings in various brain regions during performance of a modified color-word Stroop Task to gain a mechanistic understanding of non-emotional human conflict processing. The purpose of this review article is to: 1) synthesize our own studies into a model of human conflict processing, 2) review the current literature on the Stroop Task and other conflict tasks to put our research in context, and 3) describe how these studies define a network in conflict processing.

Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound Consensus Conference Recommendations for Incidental Gallbladder Polyp Management: Interreader Agreement Among 10 Radiologists.

The 2022 Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound (SRU) consensus conference recommendations for small gallbladder polyps support management that is less aggressive than earlier approaches and may help standardize evaluation of polyps by radiologists. The purpose of the present study was to assess the interreader agreement of radiologists in applying SRU recommendations for management of incidental gallbladder polyps on ultrasound. This retrospective study included 105 patients (75 women and 30 men; median age, 51 years) with a gallbladder polyp on ultrasound (without features highly suspicious for invasive or malignant tumor) who underwent cholecystectomy between January 1, 2003, and January 1, 2021.

Stereotactic Frame-Based Electrode Insertion: The Accuracy of Increasingly Oblique Insertion Angles.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between planned drill approach angle and angular deviation of the stereotactically placed intracranial electrode tips.

Material And Methods: Stereotactic electrode implantation was performed in 13 patients with drug resistant epilepsy. A total of 136 electrodes were included in our analysis.

Implementation of an Institution-Wide Rules-Based Automated CT Protocoling System.

Examination protocoling is a noninterpretive task that increases radiologists' workload and can cause workflow inefficiencies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of an automated CT protocoling system on examination process times and protocol error rates. This retrospective study included 317,597 CT examinations (mean age, 61.

Personal transcriptome variation is poorly explained by current genomic deep learning models.

Genomic deep learning models can predict genome-wide epigenetic features and gene expression levels directly from DNA sequence. While current models perform well at predicting gene expression levels across genes in different cell types from the reference genome, their ability to explain expression variation between individuals due to cis-regulatory genetic variants remains largely unexplored. Here, we evaluate four state-of-the-art models on paired personal genome and transcriptome data and find limited performance when explaining variation in expression across individuals.