The Effect of 2019 Coronavirus Stay-at-Home Order on Geriatric Trauma Patients in Southern California.

Background: California issued stay-at-home (SAH) orders to mitigate COVID-19 spread. Previous studies demonstrated a shift in mechanisms of injuries (MOIs) and decreased length of stay (LOS) for the general trauma population after SAH orders. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of SAH orders on geriatric trauma patients (GTPs), hypothesizing decreased motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) and LOS.

Long-Term Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Stays Can Lead to Long-Term Cognitive Impairment (LTCI): Neurosurgery Nursing Strategies to Minimize Risk.

Long-term cognitive impairment (LTCI) is a phenomenon predominantly seen in patients within intensive care units (ICU) that causes chronic dysfunction, defined as new or worsening deficits in memory, attention, mental processing speed, executive function, intellectual function, and visual-spatial abilities for over 12 months, inhibiting the necessary return to baseline function without appropriate intervention. Our objective is to provide a guideline of nursing strategies to reduce LTCI through different studies that evaluate pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. Current literature demonstrates that pharmacotherapy focused on neuronal protection as well as robust physical therapy regimens and regulated sleep schedules show promise in strengthening cognitive function and reducing LTCI.

Adolescent Trauma During the COVID Pandemic: Just Like Adults, Children, or Someone Else?

COVID-19 stay-at-home (SAH) orders were impactful on adolescence, when social interactions affect development. This has the potential to change adolescent trauma. A post-hoc multicenter retrospective analysis of adolescent (13-17 years-old) trauma patients (ATPs) at 11 trauma centers was performed.

Decreased hospital length of stay and intensive care unit admissions for non-COVID blunt trauma patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic overwhelmed hospitals, forcing adjustments including discharging patients earlier and limiting intensive care unit (ICU) utilization. This study aimed to evaluate ICU admissions and length of stay (LOS) for blunt trauma patients (BTPs).

Methods: A retrospective review of COVID (3/19/20-6/30/20) versus pre-COVID (3/19/19-6/30/19) BTPs at eleven trauma centers was performed.

Paracoccygeal Transsacral Approach: A Rare Approach for Axial Lumbosacral Interbody Fusion.

Lumbosacral interbody fusion is a mainstay of surgical treatment for degenerative spinal pathologies causing chronic pain and functional impairment. However, the optimal technique for this procedure remains controversial. Well-established open approaches, including anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF), posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF), and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF), have historically been the standard of practice.

Drug and alcohol positivity of traumatically injured patients related to COVID-19 stay-at-home orders.

: COVID-19 related stay-at-home (SAH) orders created many economic and social stressors, possibly increasing the risk of drug/alcohol abuse in the community and trauma population.: Describe changes in alcohol/drug use in traumatically injured patients after SAH orders in California and evaluate demographic or injury pattern changes in alcohol or drug-positive patients.: A retrospective analysis of 11 trauma centers in Southern California (1/1/2020-6/30/2020) was performed.

Ruptured cerebral aneurysms in COVID-19 patients: A review of literature with case examples.

Background: The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is responsible for over 83 million cases of infection and over 1.8 million deaths since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Because COVID-19 infection is associated with a devastating mortality rate and myriad complications, it is critical that clinicians better understand its pathophysiology to develop effective treatment.

COVID-19 in trauma: a propensity-matched analysis of COVID and non-COVID trauma patients.

Purpose: There is mounting evidence that surgical patients with COVID-19 have higher morbidity and mortality than patients without COVID-19. Infection is prevalent amongst the trauma population, but any effect of COVID-19 on trauma patients is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on a trauma population, hypothesizing increased mortality and pulmonary complications for COVID-19-positive (COVID) trauma patients compared to propensity-matched COVID-19-negative (non-COVID) patients.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) stay-at-home order's unequal effects on trauma volume by insurance status in Southern California.

Background: The rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 in the United States led to a variety of mandates intended to decrease population movement and "flatten the curve." However, there is evidence some are not able to stay-at-home due to certain disadvantages, thus remaining exposed to both coronavirus disease 2019 and trauma. We therefore sought to identify any unequal effects of the California stay-at-home orders between races and insurance statuses in a multicenter study utilizing trauma volume data.

Nonmissile penetrating spinal injuries: Mechanisms, expectations, and management.

Background: Nonmissile penetrating spinal injury (NMPSI) is an uncommon form of traumatic injury to the spine. Here, we present a comprehensive and contemporary literature review that provides insight into NMPSI-type injuries, their mechanisms, clinical practice, management, and expectations.

Methods: An extensive review of the published literature was conducted in PubMed, OVID Medline, and EMBASE journals for studies of nonmissile penetrating spine injuries.