Longitudinal Changes in Dietary Supplement Use among United States Military Personnel: The US Military Dietary Supplement Use Study.

Previous studies investigating temporal changes in dietary supplement (DS) use have used representative samples but have not followed the same cohort over time. This study investigated longitudinal patterns of changes in DS use and factors associated with discontinuing DS use in a single group of active-duty United States military service members (SMs). SMs (n = 5778) completed two identical questionnaires on their DS use and demographic/lifestyle characteristics an average ± standard deviation 1.

Associations between Chronic Medical Conditions and Persistent Dietary Supplement Use: The US Military Dietary Supplement Use Study.

This longitudinal study examined associations between chronic medical conditions (CMCs) and persistent dietary supplement (DS) use. On two separate occasions, 1.3 ± 0.

Longitudinal changes in adverse effects reporting in multiple dietary supplement classifications: The US military dietary supplement use study.

Over 70% of United States military service members (SMs) regularly use dietary supplements (DSs) and about 18% have reported adverse effects (AEs) associated with use. This investigation examined longitudinal changes in AEs reporting among DS users. On two separate occasions 1.

The Medical Burden of Obesity and Overweight in the US Military: Association of BMI with Clinically Diagnosed Medical Conditions in United States Military Service Members.

Background: A high BMI is associated with various medical conditions, notably type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and mental health disorders. In the US military, BMI increased linearly between 1975 and 2015.

Objective: This cross-sectional study investigated the associations between BMI and a comprehensive range of clinically diagnosed medical conditions (CDMCs) in US military service members (SMs).

Associations between clinically diagnosed medical conditions and dietary supplement use: the US military dietary supplement use study.

Objective: This study examined associations between multiple dietary supplement (DS) categories and medical conditions diagnosed by health professionals.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Volunteers completed an online questionnaire on DS use and demographic/lifestyle factors.

Short sleep duration is associated with a wide variety of medical conditions among United States military service members.

Objectives: This cross-sectional study investigated self-reported sleep duration and its association with a comprehensive range of clinically-diagnosed medical condition categories (CDMCs), as well as the relationship between short sleep duration (≤6 h) and demographic/lifestyle factors, among United States military service members (SMs).

Methods: A stratified random sample of SMs (n = 20,819) completed an online questionnaire on usual daily hours of sleep and demographic/lifestyle characteristics. CDMCs for a six-month period prior to questionnaire completion were obtained from a comprehensive military electronic medical surveillance system and grouped into 33 CDMCs covering both broad and specific medical conditions.

Prescription medication use of United States military service members by therapeutic classification.

This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of, and factors associated with, filled prescription medications (FPMs) among United States (US) service members (SMs). A stratified random sample of active duty SMs from the Air Force, Army, Marine Corps, and Navy was obtained from military workforce records. Participants ( = 26,680) completed a questionnaire on demographics, physical characteristics, and lifestyle factors and approved access to their FPM for the previous 6 months.

Dietary Supplement and Prescription Medication Use Among US Military Service Members With Clinically Diagnosed Medical Conditions: The US Military Dietary Supplement Use Study.

Background: Use of prescription medications (PMs) with dietary supplements (DSs) can be hazardous because of potential adverse interactions, but patterns of dual use in military service members (SMs) has not been examined.

Objective: Investigate dual use of filled PMs (FPMs) and DSs, factors associated with dual use, and dual use among SMs with clinically diagnosed medical conditions (CDMCs).

Design: Cross-sectional.

Adverse Effects Associated with Multiple Categories of Dietary Supplements: The Military Dietary Supplement Use Study.

Background: About 50% of Americans and 70% of US military service members (SMs) regularly use dietary supplements (DSs) and some are associated with adverse effects (AEs). SMs are more likely to use unsafe DSs than civilians.

Objective: The aim of this investigation was to examine the prevalence of, and factors associated with, AEs.

The cost of lower extremity fractures among active duty U.S. Army soldiers, 2017.

The estimated cost to the Army for lower extremity fractures in 2017 was approximately $116 million. Direct medical expenses totaled $24 million, and indirect medical costs totaled $92 million ($900 thousand lost duty; $91 million limited duty). Foot and toe fractures, along with lower leg and ankle fractures accounted for the majority of soldiers' initial visits for care (n=4,482; 91.

Prevalence of selected underlying health conditions among active component Army service members with coronavirus disease 2019, 11 February-6 April 2020.

The novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is exhibiting widespread community transmission throughout most of the world. Previous reports have evaluated the risk of serious illness in civilians diagnosed with COVID-19; however, similar reports have not been compiled for the Army active component (AC) population. COVID-19 has been a reportable condition for the Department of Defense since 5 February 2020, and, as of the morning of 6 April, a total of 873 cases were reported to the Disease Reporting System internet from Army installations.

Secular Trends in the Physical Fitness of United States Army Recruits on Entry to Service, 1975-2013.

Knapik, JJ, Sharp, MA, and Steelman, RA. Secular trends in the physical fitness of United States Army recruits on entry to service, 1975-2013. J Strength Cond Res 31(7): 2030-2052, 2017-A systematic literature search was conducted to identify and analyze articles that reported on physical fitness of new US Army recruits.

Demographic factors associated with dietary supplement prescriptions filled by United States Military Service Members 2005-2013.

Background: Dietary supplements (DSs) can be purchased over-the-counter but may also be prescribed by medical personnel for specific therapeutic reasons. Few studies have examined this latter source of DSs despite the fact that 79% of physicians and 82% of nurses have recommended DSs to their patients. This investigation examined demographic factors associated with temporal trends in oral DS prescriptions filled by all United States (US) service members (SMs) from 2005 to 2013 (n = 1,427,080 ± 22,139, mean ± standard deviation per year).

Importance of external cause coding for injury surveillance: lessons from assessment of overexertion injuries among U.S. Army soldiers in 2014.

Injuries are a barrier to military medical readiness, and overexertion has historically been a leading mechanism of injury among active duty U.S. Army soldiers.

Temporal trends in dietary supplement prescriptions of United States military service members suggest a decrease in pyridoxine and increase in vitamin D supplements from 2005 to 2013.

Dietary supplements (DSs) can be obtained over-the-counter but can also be prescribed by health-care providers for therapeutic reasons. Few studies have documented this later source despite the fact that 79% of physicians and 82% of nurses have recommended DSs to patients. This investigation assessed prevalence and temporal trends in oral DS prescriptions filled by all United States service members (SMs) from 2005 to 2013 (n = 1 427 080 ± 22 139, mean ± standard deviation (SD)/y).

Caffeine Use among Active Duty Navy and Marine Corps Personnel.

Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) indicate 89% of Americans regularly consume caffeine, but these data do not include military personnel. This cross-sectional study examined caffeine use in Navy and Marine Corps personnel, including prevalence, amount of daily consumption, and factors associated with use. A random sample of Navy and Marine Corps personnel was contacted and asked to complete a detailed questionnaire describing their use of caffeine-containing substances, in addition to their demographic, military, and lifestyle characteristics.

Prevalence, Adverse Events, and Factors Associated with Dietary Supplement and Nutritional Supplement Use by US Navy and Marine Corps Personnel.

Background: About 50% of Americans and 60% to 70% of US military personnel use dietary supplements, some of which have been associated with adverse events (AEs). Nutritional supplements like sport drinks and sport bars/gels are also commonly used by athletes and service members. Previous dietary supplement and nutritional supplement surveys were conducted on Army, Air Force, and Coast Guard personnel.

Prevalence of Dietary Supplement Use by Athletes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Dietary supplements (DSs) are commercially available products consumed as an addition to the usual diet and are frequently ingested by athletes.

Objective: Our objective was to examine the prevalence of DS use by athletes.

Data Sources: PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, OVID Healthstar, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health were searched for original research articles published up to August 2014.

Physical training in boots and running shoes: a historical comparison of injury incidence in basic combat training.

For many years, U.S. Army soldiers performed physical training (PT) in a modified duty uniform and combat boots.