Optimizing sacral screw fixation in patients with caudal regression syndrome.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare techniques and outcomes associated with two different technique of pelvic screw insertion in patients with caudal spine absence.

Methods: A cohort of patients with varying degrees of caudal structural regression, serves as the focal point of this investigation. Pelvic configurations were classified based on established criteria to facilitate comparative analysis.

Radiographic and Tomographic Study of the Cranial Bones in Children with the Idiopathic Type of West Syndrome.

Background: Neither radiological phenotypic characteristics nor reconstruction CT scan has been used to study the early anatomical disruption of the cranial bone in children with the so-called idiopathic type of West syndrome.

Material And Methods: The basic diagnostic measures and the classical antiepileptic treatments were applied to these children in accordance with the conventional protocol of investigations and treatment for children with West syndrome. Boys from three unrelated families were given the diagnosis of the idiopathic type of West syndrome, aged 7, 10 and 12 years old.

Segmental Spinal Aplasia: Anatomical Variations and Treatment Insights.

Study Design: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: The study aimed to analyze anatomical variants of segmental spinal aplasia (SSA) and investigate factors influencing surgical treatment outcomes, with a specific focus on the incidence of complications.

Methods: The study focused on patients with SSA treated at a single medical center, with over two years of follow-up.

Meticulous and Early Understanding of Congenital Cranial Defects Can Save Lives.

Background: Omitting the early closure of the cranial sutures in newly born children is not an uncommon practice. We describe the natural history of several unrelated children and adults from two unrelated families. These children were born with variable clinical manifestations: craniofacial asymmetry, ocular proptosis, floppiness, and progressive deceleration in cognitive development.

The Diagnostic Process of Spinal Post-traumatic Deformity: An Expert Survey of 7 Cases, Consensus on Clinical Relevance Does Exist.

Study Design: Survey of cases.

Objective: To evaluate the opinion of experts in the diagnostic process of clinically relevant Spinal Post-traumatic Deformity (SPTD).

Summary Of Background Data: SPTD is a potential complication of spine trauma that can cause decreased function and quality of life impairment.

Cervicothoracic dislocation due to congenital and bone-dysplasia-related vertebral malformations.

Purpose: To evaluate the approaches to treatment of congenital and bone-dysplasia-related pediatric cervicothoracic dislocations and define the optimal treatment method.

Methods: The publications available in PubMed and Google Scholar data bases were selected following such criteria as the disease in question, pediatric age, the treatment description, and follow-up results. The paper also includes the descriptions of our own six cases of the cervicothoracic dislocations detected in children with different vertebral malformations.

The Tomographic Study and the Phenotype of Wormian Bones.

Background: We describe patients who were recognized via conventional radiographs of the skull as manifesting wormian bones. Wormian bones are not a specific diagnostic entity and can be seen in variable forms of syndromic disorders.

Materials And Methods: Seven children and three adults (of 10-28 years) were seen and diagnosed in our departments.

Craniofacial Malformations as Fundamental Diagnostic Tools in Syndromic Entities.

A long list of syndromic entities can be diagnosed immediately through scrutinizing the clinical phenotype of the craniofacial features. The latter should be assisted via proper radiological interpretations. Different children aged from 1 month to 12 years were referred to our departments seeking orthopedic advice.

Torticollis in Connection with Spine Phenotype.

Purpose: Torticollis is not of uncommon occurrence in orthopaedic departments. Various theories and studies concerning the pathogenesis of the deformity have been suggested. We aimed to highlight and discuss the underlying cervical and spine malformation complex in correlation with torticollis via radiographic and tomographic analysis and its connection with a specific syndromic entity.

Predictors of Complications and Unfavorable Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Surgery Treatment in Elderly Patients With Degenerative Lumbar Spine Pathologies (Case Series).

Introduction: The use of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) results in fewer adverse and more improved outcomes. However, the literature data describing the factors increasing the number of complications, reoperation frequency and unscheduled re-hospitalizations in older patients after MIS are contradictory. In this study, a large number of patients was investigated for the complications of minimally invasive surgical treatment of degenerative disease of the lumbar spine in older patients.

Treatment of spinal deformity with diastematomyelia type I: one-stage, two-stage surgery and new technique (vertebral column resection through wide bony septum).

Study Design: Case series, literature review, and technical note.

Objectives: To compare two different approaches to treat the spinal deformity with split cord malformation type I (SCM I). To present a new method of one-stage surgical treatment of congenital spinal deformity with wide bony septum (SCM I).

Final fusion in a complex of surgical treatment for early onset scoliosis.

Introduction: Surgical treatment of early onset scoliosis (EOS) is one of the most challenging problems of spine surgery and includes staged distraction and final fusion at the end of skeletal maturity that remains debatable.

Aim: The objective of the review is to evaluate the efficacy of final fusion following staged distraction with VEPTR instrumentation in patients with EOS.

Materials And Methods: Outcomes of multi-staged operative treatment of 37 patients with EOS of different etiology were reviewed.

Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring during Surgical Correction of Scoliosis for Postoperative Recovery of the Patient's Motor Function.

Unlabelled: was to study the effect of adverse intraoperative events on the subclinical decrease in the functional state of the sensorimotor system of patients with scoliosis and their early postoperative rehabilitation.

Materials And Methods: The results of the examination of 30 adolescents of 13-16 years old with scoliosis before and after surgical correction were compared. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring was used by the method of transcranial evoked motor potentials.

Arthrogryposis is a descriptive term, not a specific disease entity: Escobar Syndrome is an example.

Background: Children born with multiple congenital contractures have been almost always given the diagnosis of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita. Arthrogryposis is a descriptive term, not a specific disease entity. A heterogeneous group of conditions associated with multiple congenital joint contractures (mostly syndromic) should be considered.

Atlantoaxial dislocation due to os odontoideum in patients with Down's syndrome: literature review and case reports.

Purpose: To clarify etiology, clinical features, and diagnostic and treatment options of atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) due to os odontoideum (OsO) in patients with Down's syndrome (DS).

Methods: We described and analyzed three clinical cases of AAD due to OsO in DS patients and reviewed descriptions of similar cases in the scientific sources.

Results: According to literature review, more than 80% of DS patients with odontoid ossicles had atlantoaxial instability (AAI).

[Subclinical sensory-motor deficit after surgical correction of the spinal deformity].

Aim: A quantitative evaluation of the relationship between the level of postoperative motor deficit and the intensity of reaction of pyramidal tract to the correction of spinal deformity.

Material And Methods: The correction of spinal deformities of different etiology was performed under neurophysiological control for 87 patients (30 men, 57 women), aged 15.6±0.

[Quantitative characterization of risk of iatrogenic damage to pyramidal tracts based on data of intraoperative neuromonitoring during surgical correction of spinal deformities].

Objective: Development of a quantitative indicator for the risk level of intraoperative iatrogenic motor disorders in the process of surgical correction of spinal deformity based on current neurophysiological monitoring data.

Material And Methods: 288 patients 12.6±0.

Correction using Halo Gravity Traction for Severe Rigid Neuromuscular Scoliosis: A Report of Three Cases.

Severe rigid neuromuscular scoliosis is a major challenge to the spine surgeon due to the possibilities of neurological sequelae from acute correction of the deformity. Halo gravity traction has been considered as a way of reducing the deformity before correction to prevent neurological complications. Three female patients with severe neuromuscular scoliosis aged seven to 13 years with main coronal Cobb angle of 95°-128° and Kyphotic Cobb of 47°-118° having ≤35% flexibility on traction, had between 18 to 23 days of 16 hour/day of halo gravity traction and night time supine traction with 4kg weight for 7-8 hours.

The Managment of cervical spine abnormalities in children with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita: Observational study.

Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (SEDC) is an autosomal dominant disorder, characterized by disproportionate dwarfism with short spine, short neck associated with variable degrees of coxa vara. Cervical cord compression is the most hazardous skeletal deformity in patients with SEDC which requires special attention and management.Ten patients with the clinical and the radiographic phenotypes of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita have been recognized and the genotype was compatible with single base substitutions, deletions or duplication of part of the COL2A1 gene (6 patients out of ten have been sequenced).

Anomaly-Related Pathologic Atlantoaxial Displacement in Pediatric Patients.

Objective: To analyze clinical and radiologic features of pathologic atlantoaxial displacement (PAAD) in pediatric patients and to compose a treatment algorithm for anomaly-related PAAD.

Background: Criteria of different types of PAAD and treatment algorithms have been widely reported in the literature but are difficult to apply to patients with odontoid abnormalities, C2-C3 block, spina bifida C1, and children.

Methods: We evaluated results of treatment of 29 pediatric patients with PAAD caused by congenital anomalies of the craniovertebral junction (CVJ), treated in Ilizarov Center in 2009-2017, including 20 patients with atlantoaxial displacement (AAD) and 9 patients with atlantoaxial rotatory fixation.

Easy method to simplify "freehand" subaxial cervical pedicle screw insertion.

Study Design: Technical note.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to check out safety and rationality of standardized and fast tricks to select trajectory of subaxial cervical pedicle screw (SCPS) insertion, based on simple angles to bony landmarks.

Materials And Methods: Stage 1 - Computed tomography (CT)-morphometric analysis of C3-C7 vertebrae of ten patients with cervical degenerative diseases.

Surgical Management of Myelomeningocele-Related Spinal Deformities.

Objective: To evaluate the optimal timing and type of surgical treatment of myelomeningocele (MMC)-related spinal deformities and long-term follow-up of surgical treatment.

Methods: We reviewed and presented clinical pictures, treatment strategies and results of 20 patients with MMC-related spinal deformities treated at our center between 2010 and 2017.

Results: The average patient age was 6.

How frequent is osteogenesis imperfecta in patients with idiopathic osteoporosis?: Case reports.

Rationale: The term idiopathic osteoporosis itself is quite a non-specific disease label, which fails to address the etiological understanding. Bone mineral density alone is not a reliable parameter to detect patients at high risk of fracture. The diversity of the clinical phenotypes of discolored teeth, blueness of the sclera, back and joint pain, cardiovascular disease, Diabetes type II, hearing problems and a long list of orthopedic problems are have to be considered.