Effects of Exposure of Animals to Oxygen Atmosphere at Low Pressure on Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Defense.

Relatively short-term (2.5 or 5 h) exposure of Wistar rats to oxygen atmosphere at moderate pressure (1.10-1.

Geno- and cytotoxic effects in bone marrow cells and peripheral blood induced by the prolonged administration of 131I to the laboratory rats.

Objective: to evaluate the state of to assess the state of hematopoietic system of experimental rats according to the geno and cytotoxic effects in bone marrow and changes in morphology composition of peripheral blood caused by prolonged 131I intake.

Materials And Methods: Within 15 days sodium iodide with activity of 29,3 kBq/animal was daily orally administered to Wistar rats. At 1, 2, 3, 7 and 15 days specific radioisotope activity, level of micronuclei in bone marrow cells, cyto toxicity index, number of erythrocytes and leucocytes in peripheral blood were determined.

Association of the apolipoprotein E 2 allele with concurrent occurrence of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma.

Genes encoding proteins with antioxidant properties may influence susceptibility to endometrial hyperplasia (EH) and endometrial carcinoma (ECa). Patients with EH (n = 89), EH concurrent with ECa (n = 76), ECa (n = 186), and healthy controls (n = 1110) were genotyped for five polymorphic variants in the genes involved in metabolism of lipoproteins (APOE Cys112Arg and Arg158Cys), iron (HFE Cys282Tyr and His63Asp), and catecholamines (COMT Val158Met). Patients and controls were matched by ethnicity (all Caucasians), age, body mass index (BMI), and incidence of hypertension and diabetes.

Radiation-induced chromosomal instability of human lymphocytes as a marker of breast cancer risk.

to assess the variability of the levels of chromosome aberrations induced by the in vitro irradiation of lymphocytes of breast cancer (BC) patients in comparison with healthy individuals. Materials and methods. Samples of peripheral blood for lymphocyte cultures were obtained from 44 healthy women and 37 primary patients with BC (T1-2N1M0).

Radiation-induced instability of human genome.

A brief review is dedicated to the phenomenon of radiation-induced genomic instability where the increased level of genomic changes in the offspring of irradiated cells is characteristic. Particular attention is paid to the problems of genomic instability induced by the low-dose radiation, role of the bystander effect in formation of radiation-induced instability, and its relationship with individual radiosensitivity. We believe that in accordance with the paradigm of modern radiobiology the increased human individual radiosensitivity can be formed due to the genome instability onset and is a significant risk factor for radiation-induced cancer.

Fractionated low-dose radiation exposure potentiates proliferation of implanted tumor cells.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to test whether whole-body fractionated exposure of tumor-free animals to low doses of low-LET radiation (at the total delivered dose of 1.0 Gy of X-rays) is capable of potentiating growth of subsequently implanted tumor cells.

Materials And Methods: Adult male rats were fractionally exposed to low doses of X-rays (10 acute exposures with 0.

Chromosomal radiosensitivity in Ukrainian breast cancer patients and healthy individuals.

Aim: Recent studies showed that increased chromosomal damage induced by ionizing radiation is observed among patients with different tumor types. The aim of the study was evaluation of chromosomal radiosensitivity in breast cancer (BC) patients (n = 37) and healthy women (n = 44).

Methods: Chromosomal radiosensitivity was assessed with G0 and G2 assay.

The long-range cytotoxic effect in tumor-bearing animals.

Aim: The relationship between cancer and patient health is still of great interest for experimental and clinical oncology. The tumor can adversely affect surrounding and distant tissues as well. However, effects of the tumor on distant tissues are much less studied than its effects on surrounding tissues.

Cancer prevention today: from healthy lifestyle and early detection to integrative multidisciplinary prevention and treatment.

Cancer prevention is recognized to be one the most efficient strategy in reducing cancer incidence and mortality. The world leading experts in the field of basic, clinical, epidemiologic and behavioral science presented their most innovative and promising findings and achievements during the Eighth Annual AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research held from December 6-9, 2009, in Houston, TX, USA. In total around 800 participants from all over the world took an active part in the rich variety of the Conference session formats covering wide area of the most vital cancer research problems with strong emphasis on the early detection research, the latest developments in the tumor microenvironment, international prevention mechanisms, integrative prevention, targeted prevention and treatment, and efficient implementation of basic sciences into clinical practice.

Increased individual chromosomal radiosensitivity of human lymphocytes as a parameter of cancer risk.

Aim: Evaluation of chromosomal radiosensitivity of healthy individuals and determination those with the increased susceptibility to radiogenic cancer.

Methods: Cytogenetic examination of radiation induced injuries in lymphocytes of healthy individuals (n=103) was carried out on the basis of G(2)-assay. Test system of peripheral blood lymphocytes with metaphase analysis was used.

Aberrant and multiaberrant (rogue) cells in peripheral lymphocytes of Hodgkin's lymphoma patients after chemotherapy.

We analyzed spontaneous chromosome lesions in peripheral lymphocytes cultured from Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) patients before and after cytostatic chemotherapy. The mean aberration frequency was significantly higher in HL patients after chemotherapy (7.20+/-0.

Persistence of chromosome aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes from Hodgkin's lymphoma remission patients.

Purpose: To analyse spontaneous and in vitro bleomycin-induced chromosome aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes taken from Hodgkin's disease patients after prolonged (up to 31 years) remission periods, and to consider these data from the point of view of the carcinogenic potential of anticancer therapy.

Materials And Methods: Conventional analysis of chromosome preparations stained with azure-eosin.

Results: The mean frequency and patterns of both spontaneous and induced aberrations in remission patients were significantly different from comparison groups (healthy donors and primary Hodgkin's disease patients).

Cytogenetic adaptive response in cultured human lymphocytes: dependence on the time of exposure to adapting and challenging doses of gamma-rays.

Human lymphocytes from 16 healthy donors were exposed in vitro to an adapting dose of gamma-rays (0.05 Gy) at G0, or G1, or G1/S stage of the cell cycle and subsequently to a challenging dose of gamma-rays at G1, or G1/S, or S (1 Gy), or G2 (0.5 Gy) stage.

The effects of radiation and alkylating agents on chromatin degradation in normal and tumour lymphoid cells.

The dynamic of chromatin degradation was studied in thymocytes and LS/BL tumour cells. In permeabilised LS/BL cells, the rate of DNA degradation induced by endogenous calcium and magnesium-dependent endonuclease was approx. 25 times slower than in thymocytes.

A comparison of chromatin degradation in irradiated normal and tumorous lymphoid cells.

Irradiation of mice with doses of 2 and 4 Gy induced extensive chromatin degradation in the thymocytes within 6 hours accompanied by an increase in polydeoxynucleotide (PDN) content (36 and 42 times, respectively). Fifteen hours after irradiation the PDN level was considerably lower, however, still being 4.7 and 14 times the control values after doses of 2 and 4 Gy.

The radiosensitivity of lymphosarcoma cells as determined by the liver colony method.

The liver colony method is based on the observation that intravenous injection of an appropriate number of LS/BL cells into isologous non-irradiated hosts leads to the formation of colonies of proliferating cells in the livers of these animals. The relationship between the number of cells injected and the number of colonies appearing in the livers was determined. This technique was used to measure the radiation sensitivity of LS/BL cells and it yielded a Do of 1.

Viscosimetric analysis of the occurrence and repair of DNA single-strand breaks in irradiated animal tissues.

The yields of immediate DNA single-strand breaks in normal tumour tissues of irradiated animals were measured by a viscosimetric method of determination of high-polymer single-strand DNA molecular weight in alkaline nuclear lysates. It has been shown that in irradiated thymus, bone marrow leukocytes, Ehrlich ascitic carcinoma and Zaidel hepatoma cells (first group by tissues) in vivo the yields of DNA single-strand breaks were characterized by 80 to 130 eV per break. In in vivo irradiated liver, lymph node, spleen, and sarcoma 180 cells (second group of tissues) the yields of DNA single-strand breaks have been characterized by 30 to 40 eV per break.

Transformation of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. galleria protoplasts by plasmid pBC16.

Protoplasts of the entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. galleria were transformed by plasmid pBC16. The frequency of transformation was much lower than that of Bacillus subtilis.