Effects of Limiting the Number of Different Cross-Sections Used in Statically Loaded Truss Sizing and Shape Optimization.

This research aims to show the effects of adding cardinality constraints to limit the number of different cross-sections used in simultaneous sizing and shape optimization of truss structures. The optimal solutions for sizing and shape optimized trusses result in a generally high, and impractical, number of different cross-sections being used. This paper presents the influence of constraining the number of different cross-sections used on the optimal results to bring the scientific results closer to the applicable results.

Influence of TiN Coating on the Drawing Force and Friction Coefficient in the Deep Drawing Process of AlMg4.5Mn0.7 Thin Sheets.

The influence of various process parameters on the deep drawing process is a current research topic in sheet metal forming technology. Starting from the application of the previously constructed original testing device, an original tribological model was developed based on the process of sheet metal strip sliding between flat contact surfaces under variable pressures. A complex experiment was executed using an Al alloy sheet, tool contact surfaces of different roughness, two types of lubricants and variable contact pressures.

Analysis of Filler Metals Influence on Quality of Hard-Faced Surfaces of Gears Based on Tests in Experimental and Operating Conditions.

Hard-facing as a type of the coating depositing is increasingly used today. Physical-chemical-metallurgical characteristics of contact layers in tribo-mechanical systems depend on the operating conditions and the conditions under which the work surfaces were created. That is the reason the influence of the processing procedures and regime, used in the contact surfaces formation, on development of the wear process of contact elements, is being considered ever more.

Weldability Assessment of Various Steels by Hard-Facing.

Two aspects of various steels' weldability are considered in this article. The theoretical part presents general concepts related to steel's weldability and the application of the most important methods for its determination. In the experimental section, results of the hard-facing application to several samples are presented, and consist of hardness measurements in the different zones of the welded samples, with the evaluation of those zones' microstructures.

Exploitation Characteristics of Teeth Flanks of Gears Regenerated by Three Hard-Facing Procedures.

Numerous phenomena that occur during the process of machine parts' regeneration have a significant impact on the loss of their working ability. Therefore, the properties of the working surfaces of the teeth flanks of repaired gears were analyzed in this research. The hereditary properties of the gear teeth are expressed by the interdependence of their geometric and physical-mechanical-metallurgical parameters created during the technological operations of regeneration of worn teeth by welding/hard-facing.

Analysis of the Welding Type and Filler Metal Influence on Performance of a Regenerated Gear.

This paper presents the results of voluminous experimental investigations conducted to analyze the influence of the welding procedure on the performance of regenerated gears. Cylindrical spur gears were tested, both newly manufactured and regenerated, in two fundamentally different ways: by hard facing (surfacing) with the "hard" filler metal (DUR 600-IG) and with the "soft" filler metal (EVB2CrMo) with subsequent cementation and quenching. The regeneration procedures were defined and executed, while, subsequently, the microstructure and microhardness of the hard-faced layers were established and measured, followed by checking the durability of the hard-faced teeth flanks.

Spot-Weld Service Life Estimate Based on Application of the Interfacial Crack Concept.

In the automotive industry, spot-welding is the most common method of joining components. Thus, determining the service life of spot-welds is of great importance in designing assemblies or structures. It is well-known that lately there has been a trend in the industry toward reducing the fuel consumption and harmful gasses emissions, as well as the weight of structures with the application of the lightweight materials, like aluminum alloys.

Analysis of Selected Properties of Welded Joints of the HSLA Steels.

This paper presents research of the impact toughness and hardness distribution in specific zones of a 'single V'butt multiple-pass welded joints of the high-strength low-alloyed steels. Obtained values of the impact toughness are analyzed in correlation with a microstructure in specific zones of the welded joint, together with the micro hardness distribution found in the related zones. Based on the carried out analysis and results obtained in experiments, the applied technology of welding was evaluated.