Review of history and mechanisms of action of lactulose (4-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-β-D-fructofuranose): present and future applications in food.

Lactulose is a synthetic disaccharide composed of galactose and fructose. Literature review of history, legal status and possible food applications of lactulose in functional foods, such as confectionery and beverages. In the colon, lactulose is fermented by the microbiota and acts as a selective modulator of bacterial growth, promoting the growth of and .

Vitamin D Supplementation During COVID-19 Lockdown and After 20 Months: Follow-Up Study on Slovenian Women Aged Between 44 and 66.

Introduction: The main objective was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on vitamin D supplementation habits and their changes in the follow-up, 20 months after the study in Slovenian premenopausal and postmenopausal women.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between March and May 2021. 176 healthy women aged 44 to 65 from the Central Slovenian region were included in the final analysis.

Correction: Vičič et al. Assessment of Vitamin D Status in Slovenian Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women, Using Total, Free, and Bioavailable 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). 2022, , 5349.

In the original publication [...

Vitamin D Fortification of Eggs Alone and in Combination with Milk in Women Aged 44-65 Years: Fortification Model and Economic Evaluation.

Introduction: For almost nine decades, the fortification of foods with vitamin D has been proven effective in preventing rickets. This study aims to build and economically evaluate a fortification model based on egg biofortification and milk (including yoghurt) fortification.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out between 1.

Assessment of Vitamin D Status in Slovenian Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women, Using Total, Free, and Bioavailable 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D).

The objective of our study was to evaluate vitamin D status and its predictors in Slovenian premenopausal and postmenopausal women. A cross-sectional study was carried out between 1 March 2021 and 31 May 2021. A total of 319 healthy women from the Central Slovenian region aged between 44 and 65 were recruited; 176 were included in the final analysis.

The Assessment Of Energy And Protein Needs Coverage In Hospitalized Patients: OCENA POKRITOSTI POTREB PO ENERGIJI IN BELJAKOVINAH MED HOSPITALIZIRANIMI BOLNIKI.

Aim: Aiming at assessing sufficiency of energy/protein intake in hospitalized patients, the objective was to monitor and analyze actual food intake of patients hospitalized in three clinical wards of one of major Slovenian hospitals.

Methods: 53 patients were included in the study. Food intake was assessed 3 times daily from leftovers.

Nonverbal communication of caregivers in Slovenian nursing homes.

This study aimed at determining the characteristics of nonverbal communication (NVC) of caregivers in Slovene nursing homes. The cross-sectional study was performed on 267 randomly selected caregivers from 27 randomly selected nursing homes. Facial expressions/head movements, hand gestures/trunk movements, and modes of speaking/paralinguistic signals were observed.