Regenerative Potential Nanomedicine of Adipocyte Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Senescent Skin Tissue.

Introduction: Skin is the first-line barrier defense against infection, irradiation, and toxins, but is prone to natural aging (intrinsic aging) and environmental factors (extrinsic aging). Hence, there is an increasing urgency to explore an effective treatment for aging skin. This study was focused on testing the potential of utilizing adipocyte stem cell derived exosomal as nanomedicine to regenerate the dermal layer and counteract signs of skin aging.

β-Glucuronidase-triggered reaction for fluorometric and colorimetric dual-mode assay based on the in situ formation of silicon nanoparticles.

Background: β-Glucuronidase (GUS) is considered as a promising biomarker for primary cancer. Thus, the reliable detection of GUS has great practical significance in the discovery and diagnosis of cancer. Compared with traditional organic probes, silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs) have emerged as robust optical nanomaterials due to their facile preparation, superior photobleaching resistance and excellent biocompatibility.

WO nanosheets with peroxidase-like activity and carbon dots based ratiometric fluorescent strategy for xanthine oxidase activity sensing and inhibitor screening.

The abnormal level of xanthine oxidase (XOD) often causes pathological changes, which are related to a series of diseases. Herein, a novel and sensitive ratiometric fluorescent sensing platform based on WO nanosheets and carbon dots (CDs) was constructed to detect XOD activity for the first time. Under the catalytic oxidation of xanthine by XOD, hydrogen peroxide (HO) was generated.

Improving the digestive stability and prebiotic effect of carboxymethyl chitosan by grafting with gallic acid: In vitro gastrointestinal digestion and colonic fermentation evaluation.

Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) is a useful polysaccharide with potential applications in food, cosmetic and biomedical industries. Nonetheless, CMCS is unfavorable for maintaining intestinal flora balance. In this study, gallic acid (GA) was grafted with CMCS through ascorbic acid/hydrogen peroxide initiated graft copolymerization reaction, producing GA grafted CMCS (GA-g-CMCS).

Acetyl-α-boswellic acid and Acetyl-β-boswellic acid protects against caerulein-induced pancreatitis via down-regulating MAPKs in mice.

This study is to investigate the protective effect of Acetyl-α-boswellic acid and Acetyl-β-boswellic mixture(α/β-ABA), which is the active ingredients isolated from Frankincense, on actue pancreatitis and its mechanism. Our experimental results showed that 2 μM α/β-ABA reduced production of NO, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-1β in RAW264.7 cells that were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which indicates its anti-inflammatory role.

Synthesis, characterization, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of starch aldehyde-quercetin conjugate.

In this study, corn starch was functionalized with quercetin. Starch was first oxidized by sodium periodate to produce starch aldehyde, and then starch aldehyde was conjugated with quercetin through acid catalyzed condensation reaction. The structure, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of starch aldehyde-quercetin conjugate were evaluated.

Preparation and characterization of antioxidant packaging by chitosan, D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate and baicalein.

Baicalein (BN) is a kind of flavonoid with strong antioxidant ability. In this study, antioxidant packaging was developed by incorporating BN and D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) into chitosan (CS) film matrix for the first time. Effect of BN content (0.

Structural characterization and protective effect of gallic acid grafted O-carboxymethyl chitosan against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage.

In this study, gallic acid (GA) was grafted onto O-carboxymethyl chitosan (O-CMCS) by a free radical-mediated method. The synthesized GA grafted CMCS (GA-g-CMCS) was characterized by several instrumental methods and the antioxidant activity of the conjugate was evaluated by in vitro and cellular assays. Results showed the grafting ratio of GA-g-CMCS was 60.

Recent advances in the preparation, structural characteristics, biological properties and applications of gallic acid grafted polysaccharides.

Natural polysaccharides are important biopolymers with unique physicochemical properties and valuable biological activities. Due to the lack of sufficient functional groups, the applications of natural polysaccharides are incomparable to synthetic biopolymers. In order to broaden the applications of polysaccharides, gallic acid (GA, one kind of phenolic acid with numerous functional properties) has been grafted onto polysaccharides through several chemical and enzymatic methods.

Anti-inflammatory effects of Rhodiola rosea L.: A review.

Rhodiola rosea L., a worldwide botanical adaptogen, has been confirmed to possess protective effects of inflammatory injury for many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, sepsis, and cancer. This paper is to review the recent clinical and experimental researches about the anti-inflammatory effects and the related mechanisms of Rhodiola rosea L.

Antioxidant and pH-sensitive films developed by incorporating purple and black rice extracts into chitosan matrix.

Polyphenol-rich purple rice extract (PRE) or black rice extract (BRE) was incorporated into chitosan (CS) to develop antioxidant and pH-sensitive packaging films. Effect of extract content on the structural, physical and functional properties of CS-PRE and CS-BRE films was investigated. Results showed BRE had higher total phenol and anthocyanin contents than PRE.

Preparation of pH-sensitive and antioxidant packaging films based on κ-carrageenan and mulberry polyphenolic extract.

In this study, antioxidant and pH-sensitive κ-carrageenan based films were developed by incorporating different amounts of mulberry polyphenolic extract (MPE). Due to abundant anthocyanin content, MPE showed pH-sensitive property with solution color changed from red to purple and final gray when pH value increased from 2 to 13. When MPE was incorporated into κ-carrageenan film, the composite films presented blue color.

Preparation and characterization of antioxidant and antimicrobial packaging films based on chitosan and proanthocyanidins.

The antioxidant and antimicrobial food packaging films were prepared by using chitosan (CS) and proanthocyanidins (PA). Effect of PA content (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt% of PA on CS basis) on the physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of CS-based films were determined. The prepared CS-PA films showed a brown color.

Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Activities of a Triterpene β-Elemonic Acid in Frankincense In Vivo and In Vitro.

The purpose of this research was to extract and separate the compounds from frankincense, and then evaluate their anti-inflammatory effects. The isolated compound was a representative tetracyclic triterpenes of glycine structure according to ¹H-NMR and C-NMR spectra, which is β-elemonic acid (β-EA). We determined the content of six different localities of frankincense; the average content of β-EA was 41.

Development and characterization of antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al-sensing films based on carboxymethyl chitosan and quercetin.

Different amounts of quercetin were mixed with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) to develop novel antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al-sensing films. The physical properties, structure, antioxidant and Al-sensing abilities of CMCS-quercetin composite films were investigated. Results showed CMCS-quercetin composite films presented a dark yellowish color.

Structural and physicochemical properties of chemically modified Chinese water chestnut [Eleocharis dulcis (Burm. f.) Trin. ex Hensch] starches.

Chinese water chestnut [Eleocharis dulcis (Burm.f.) Trin.

Reaction Mechanisms and Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Caffeic Acid Grafted Chitosan Synthesized in Ascorbic Acid and Hydroxyl Peroxide Redox System.

The ascorbic acid (AA) and hydroxyl peroxide (HO) redox pair induced free radical grafting reaction is a promising approach to conjugate phenolic groups with chitosan (CS). In order to reveal the exact mechanisms of the AA/HO redox pair induced grafting reaction, free radicals generated in the AA/HO redox system were compared with hydroxyl radical (OH) produced in the Fe/HO redox system. Moreover, the structural and physicochemical properties of caffeic acid grafted CS (CA-g-CS) synthesized in these two redox systems were compared.

Baicalein inhibits acinar-to-ductal metaplasia of pancreatic acinal cell AR42J via improving the inflammatory microenvironment.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive cancers. Recent research has demonstrated that chronic pancreatitis (CP) is associated with an increased risk of PDAC, partly due to acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM). Baicalein has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects for CP or PDAC, respectively.

Hepcidin and iron metabolism in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between Hepcidin and iron metabolism, and cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells.

Methods: PC3 prostate cancer cells were cultured in vitro and divided into the control group, Hepcidin overexpression group, and Hepcidin low expression group. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) levels were measured by ELISA.

Isolation, structural characterization and bioactivities of naturally occurring polysaccharide-polyphenolic conjugates from medicinal plants-A reivew.

In recent years, several medicinal plants have been demonstrated as valuable resources of naturally occurring polysaccharide-polyphenolic conjugates. For the first time, this article introduces recent advances of polysaccharide-polyphenolic conjugates isolated from different medicinal plants. The isolation, purification, structural characterization and biological activities of polysaccharide-polyphenolic conjugates are introduced in details.

Kallistatin, a new and reliable biomarker for the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis.

Kallistatin, which protects organs and cells against inflammation, fibrosis and oxidative stress, is mainly synthesized and secreted in liver. However, its relationship to human liver disease remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between serum kallistatin and clinical evidence of both cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to determine if serum kallistatin levels could be used as a diagnostic indicator of hepatic health status, especially human liver cirrhosis (LC).

Nano-porous nitrocellulose liquid bandage modulates cell and cytokine response and accelerates cutaneous wound healing in a mouse model.

Nitrocellulose liquid bandage (L-Bandage) is extensively used in hard-to-cover cuts and wounds management, owing to its flexibility, softness, transparency, and conformability. However, evidence supporting their mechanisms of action as wound dressing is scanty. This study introduces a novel nano-porous L-Bandage, and provides results from a mouse full-thickness wound model investigating its mechanism of action on wound healing.

[M cell in vitro model and its application in oral delivery of macromolecular drugs].

The oral administration of bioactive macromolecular drugs such as proteins, peptides and nucleic acids represents unprecedented challenges from the drug delivery point of view. One key consideration is how to overcome the gastrointestinal tract absorption barrier. Recent studies suggest that microfold cell (M cell), a kind of specialized antigen-sampling epithelial cell which is characterized by a high endocytic rate and low degradation ability, may play an important role in macromolecule oral absorption.