Rabeprazole inhibits several functions of Entamoeba histolytica related with its virulence.

Amoebiasis is a human parasitic disease caused by Entamoeba histolytica. The parasite can invade the large intestine and other organs such as liver; resistance to the host tissue oxygen is a condition for parasite invasion and survival. Thioredoxin reductase of E.

Functional characterization and subcellular distribution of two recombinant cytosolic HSP70 isoforms from Entamoeba histolytica under normal and stress conditions.

Amoebiasis is a human intestinal disease caused by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica. It has been previously demonstrated that E. histolytica heat shock protein 70 (EhHSP70) plays an important role in amoebic pathogenicity by protecting the parasite from the dangerous effects of oxidative and nitrosative stresses.

M2 macrophage immunotherapy abolishes glucose intolerance by increasing IL-10 expression and AKT activation.

Glucose intolerance associates with M1/M2 macrophage unbalance. We thus wanted to examine the effect of M2 macrophage administration on mouse model of glucose intolerance. C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and then received thrice 20 mg/kg streptozotocin (HFD-GI).

Mechanisms of natural resistance of Balb/c mice to experimental liver amoebiasis.

is the parasite responsible for human amoebiasis. The analysis of the natural resistance mechanisms of some rodents to amoebic liver abscess (ALA) may reveal alternative pathogenicity mechanisms to those previously discovered in the experimental model of ALA in hamsters. In this work the natural resistance of BALB/c mice to ALA was explored by performing: (i) chemotaxis analysis with a specifically designed chamber; (ii) amoebic survival in fresh and decomplemented serum; (iii) histological temporal course analysis of ALA development in mice with different treatments (hypocomplementemic, hyperimmune and treated with iNOS and NADPH oxidase inhibitors) and (iv) mouse liver amoebic infection by both implantation of ALA from hamsters and inoculation of parasites into the peritoneal cavity.

Complement is a rat natural resistance factor to amoebic liver infection.

Amoebiasis is a parasitic disease caused by This illness is prevalent in poor countries causing 100,000 deaths worldwide. Knowledge of the natural resistance mechanisms of rats to amoebic liver abscess (ALA) development may help to discover new pathogenic factors and to design novel therapeutic strategies against amoebiasis. In this work, histologic analyses suggested that the complement system may play a central role in rat natural resistance to ALA.

The oxygen reduction pathway and heat shock stress response are both required for Entamoeba histolytica pathogenicity.

Several species belonging to the genus Entamoeba can colonize the mouth or the human gut; however, only Entamoeba histolytica is pathogenic to the host, causing the disease amoebiasis. This illness is responsible for one hundred thousand human deaths per year worldwide, affecting mainly underdeveloped countries. Throughout its entire life cycle and invasion of human tissues, the parasite is constantly subjected to stress conditions.

Severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with high systemic levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha and low serum interleukin 10 in morbidly obese patients.

Morbid obesity has been shown to increase the risk to develop hepatic steatosis, also referred to as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Emerging evidence suggests that the severity of NAFLD may associate with increased serum levels of inflammatory markers as well as decreased concentration of mediators with anti-inflammatory actions, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL) 10, respectively. We thus examined the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-10 in 102 morbidly obese women and men (body mass index > 40 kg/m(2)), exhibiting different grades of NAFLD.

Maintenance of intracellular hypoxia and adequate heat shock response are essential requirements for pathogenicity and virulence of Entamoeba histolytica.

Adhesion to cells, cytotoxicity and proteolysis are functions required for virulence and pathogenicity of Entamoeba histolytica. However, there was no correlation between these in vitro functions and the early elimination of non-pathogenic E. dispar and non-virulent E.

Bone lineage proteins in the entheses of the midfoot in patients with spondyloarthritis.

Objective: Patients with juvenile-onset spondyloarthritis (SpA) may develop ankylosis of the midfoot resembling the spinal changes seen in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The study of the histopathology of the feet of patients with tarsitis could help us understand the pathogenesis of bone formation in affected structures in the SpA. The objective of our study was to describe the histopathologic characteristics of the midfoot in patients with tarsitis associated with SpA.

Influence of serological factors and BMI on the blood pressure/hematocrit association in healthy young men and women.

The association between mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and hematocrit (Hct) as a surrogate for blood viscosity was investigated in a young (average 20.0±2.3 years), healthy population of 174 men and 442 women.

Neuroprotective effect of silymarin in a MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease secondary to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) produces in mice and primates histopathological changes similar to PD in humans. A common feature of PD and MPTP models is neuronal death and dopamine depletion.

Molecular nature of virulence in Entamoeba histolytica.

For many years virulence of pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica has been attributed to the capacity of the parasite to destroy tissues through the expression and/or secretion of various molecules. Such view is supported mainly by in vitro experimentation, whereas data obtained by using animal models of the disease have clearly demonstrated that the host's inflammatory response is primarily responsible for tissue damage. This review analyzes the content and/or activity of some of the presumed toxic amebic molecules present in amebic strains with different degrees of virulence compared to various parasite in vitro functions that are supposed to correlate with in vivo virulence.

Entamoeba histolytica: oxygen resistance and virulence.

Entamoeba histolytica virulence has been attributed to several amoebic molecules such as adhesins, amoebapores and cysteine proteinases, but supporting evidence is either partial or indirect. In this work we compared several in vitro and in vivo features of both virulent E. histolytica (vEh) and non-virulent E.

[Conscientious objectors among physicians].

Conscientious objection refers to the possibility that an individual decides not to comply with a legal mandate because of his or hers convictions, which is accepted by some political constitutions. The classical example is to refuse participation in obligatory military service for personal reasons of conscience, but in the present paper we refer to its use in medical practice utilizing three examples: euthanasia, abortion and the refusal to prescribe emergency contraception. We conclude that in all situations patients rights supersedes conscientious objection.

Entamoeba histolytica: apoptosis induced in vitro by nitric oxide species.

Apoptosis has been described in some parasites like Leishmania, Trypanosoma, and Trichomonas. This phenomenon has not been observed yet in Entamoeba histolytica. This work analyzed the in vitro effect of sodium nitroprusside, sodium nitrite and sodium nitrate (NOs) on E.

[The law, medical ethics, and transplants].

A discussion of four aspects of the legislation and of the medical ethics of the transplants is presented: the concept of death, the donation of organs, the selection of receivers and the future of the therapeutic transplants. The prominent paragraphs of the General Law of Health of the country about cerebral death, the two legal forms and organs donors' ethics, the criteria and more frequent problems for the selection of receivers, and the character of medical technology of transition of the therapeutic transplants are included.

Pathogenesis of acute experimental liver amebiasis.

Classical descriptions of the pathology of amebiasis portray the parasite as the cause of tissue damage and destruction, and in recent years a number of amebic molecules have been identified as virulence factors. In this review we describe a series of experiments that suggest a more complex host-parasite relation, at least during the early stages of acute experimental amebic liver abscess in hamsters. The problems of extrapolating experiments in vitro to explain observations in vivo are discussed.

Hepatocyte production of modulators of extracellular liver matrix in normal and cirrhotic rat liver.

In the present study, we found collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activity in the supernatants of hepatocyte cultures from rats with experimental CCl(4)-induced liver cirrhosis, in levels significantly higher than in comparable supernatants of hepatocyte cultures from normal rats. In addition, we clearly detected the messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNA) of four matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-10, and MMP-13) and of two tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) in hepatocytes from both normal and cirrhotic rats by RT-PCR and by in situ hybridization. Finally, we demonstrated MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-13 and TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 proteins in the same hepatocyte preparations by immunostaining.

Entamoeba histolytica: mechanism of decrease of virulence of axenic cultures maintained for prolonged periods.

Intraportal injection of non-virulent E. histolytica (derived from prolonged axenic culture of virulent E. histolytica) strain HM1-IMSS in normal hamsters results in no liver lesions and disappearance of the parasites 48-72 h after injection.

[Biomedical investigation in Mexico].

Biomedical research as a professional specialty developed in the Western World in the following four stages: 1) primitive medicine based on magico-religious concepts; 2) hippocratic medicine (500 AD), which renounced supernatural ideas on disease; 3) scientific medicine (1543), which eschewed tradition and authority, and 4) finally in 1813, the first full-time professional biomedical investigator Claude Bernard was appointed in France. Notheless, the first full-time professional biomedical investigator in Mexico did not appear until 1939, and the number is still growing despite present restrictions to investigator growth and development.