[Challenges and strategies in the response to the measles outbreak during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mexico, 25 Years after eliminationDesafios e estratégias na resposta ao surto de sarampo durante a pandemia de COVID-19 no México, 25 anos pós-eliminação].

Objective: Identify the challenges that Mexico faced during the measles outbreak during the COVID-19 pandemic and describe the interventions to interrupt measles virus circulation.

Methods: Descriptive, retrospective study of actions taken during the measles outbreak during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results: Epidemiological surveillance of febrile exanthematous diseases has been carried out continuously in the country since 1992.

The Omicron wave in Mexico: vaccine protection against progression to severe Covid-19 in SARS-CoV-2-infected workers.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of seven Covid-19 vaccines in preventing disease progression (DP) using data from national private sector workers during the Omicron wave in Mexico from January 2 to March 5, 2022.

Materials And Methods: This study employed an administrative retrospective cohort design, analyzing DP (hospitalization or death due to respiratory disease) among workers who filed a respiratory short-term disability claim and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Risk ratios (RRadj) were estimated using Poisson regression models adjusted for various factors.

Accessing medical care for infertility: a study of women in Mexico.

Objective: To investigate barriers in accessing care for infertility in Mexico, because little is known about this issue for low and middle-income countries, which comprise 80% of the world's population.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis.

Setting: Mexcian Teachers' Cohort.

Sun Exposure and Intima-Media Thickness in the Mexican Teachers' Cohort Study.

To determine whether long-term sun exposure has a protective role in subclinical cardiovascular disease in adult Mexican women. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of a sample of women from the Mexican Teachers' Cohort (MTC) study. Sun exposure was assessed in the MTC 2008 baseline questionnaire, in which women were asked about their sun-related behavior.

EAT-Lancet Healthy Reference Diet score and diabetes incidence in a cohort of Mexican women.

To improve the health of our planet and develop sustainable food policies, it is important to understand the health impact of a diet pattern that considers planetary and population health. We used data from the Mexican Teachers' Cohort (MTC) to estimate the association between the EAT-Lancet healthy reference diet (EAT-HRD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) incidence. We included 74,671 women aged ≥25 years, free of T2D at baseline.

The Mexican Consortium of Epidemiological Studies for the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease: a review of collaborating studies.

Objective: To harmonize participants' information from five epidemiological studies.

Materials And Methods: The Mexican Consortium of Epidemiological Studies for the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease (RenMex, by its Spanish acronym) was established in 2018. RenMex is a consortium of five studies: The Mexican Teachers Cohort Study; the Mexico City Diabetes Study; the Health Workers Cohort Study; the Comitán Study; and the Salt Consumption in Mexico Study, which assessed baseline serum creatinine, albumin, and C-reactive protein, all performed with standardized techniques.

Sugar- and artificially-sweetened soda consumption and subclinical atherosclerosis among Mexican women.

Background And Aims: Sugar-sweetened soda consumption is associated with most cardiometabolic risk factors. The role of artificially-sweetened beverages in cardiovascular disease (CVD) is inconclusive, but their consumption correlates with health impairment. Little is known about the contribution of soda consumption in subclinical stages of atherosclerosis.

The association of age at menarche and adult height with mammographic density in the International Consortium of Mammographic Density.

Background: Early age at menarche and tall stature are associated with increased breast cancer risk. We examined whether these associations were also positively associated with mammographic density, a strong marker of breast cancer risk.

Methods: Participants were 10,681 breast-cancer-free women from 22 countries in the International Consortium of Mammographic Density, each with centrally assessed mammographic density and a common set of epidemiologic data.

Leading causes of excess mortality in Mexico during the COVID-19 pandemic 2020-2021: A death certificates study in a middle-income country.

Background: The death toll after SARS-CoV-2 emergence includes deaths directly or indirectly associated with COVID-19. Mexico reported 325,415 excess deaths, 34.4% of them not directly related to COVID-19 in 2020.

[Not Available].

La creciente epidemia de obesidad ha sido uno de los retos más importantes de salud pública en México durante los últimos años. Con apoyo de la Federación Mundial de Obesidad, en 2021 formamos un grupo de profesionales para identificar y resumir las acciones prioritarias en las que puede enfocarse nuestro país para hacer frente a esta epidemia. Al proceso de desarrollo y discusión de este grupo se sumaron más de 1 000 profesionales de la salud para retomar recomendaciones de documentos y guías de alto nivel previamente publicados.

Perceived Stress Scale, a tool to explore psychological stress in Mexican women.

Objective: To examine the factor structure of the 4- and 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) among 1 310 Mexican women participating in a prospective cancer cohort study.

Materials And Methods: We performed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses in two sub-samples of the Mexican Teachers' Cohort. We evaluated internal consistency, estimated the correlation between PSS-4 and PSS-10, and assessed their correlation with a depressive symptoms scale.

Liver cancer mortality in Mexico: trend analysis from 1998 to 2018.

Objective: To examine overall, sex, and state-specific liver cancer mortality trends in Mexico. Materials and meth-ods. Joinpoint regression was used to examine the trends in age-standardized mortality rates of liver cancer between 1998-2018.

[Not Available].

Objective: To attain a better understanding of the structure and processes of Research Ethics Committees (REC) in the low-and middle-income countries of the Mesoamerican region. The objectives are knowing the operational practices of the RECs regarding project evaluation, training needs, and infrastructure.

Materials And Methods: The REC training and needs assessment involved an online survey of all the RECs (n=55) identified in Colombia (n=11), Costa Rica (n=5), Guatemala (n=5), and Mexico (n=34).

Validity and reliability of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) long-form in a subsample of female Mexican teachers.

Objective: To evaluate the test-retest reliability and validity of the long-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-long form).

Materials And Methods: A subsample of 86 teachers underwent telephone interviews and clinic visits in Mexico City. Through 22 months, physical activity (PA) levels were obtained from accelerometers (months 6 and 22) and IPAQ long-form (months 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12).

Fraction of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths attributable to chronic diseases.

Evidence shows that chronic diseases are associated with COVID-19 severity and death. This study aims to estimate the fraction of hospitalizations and deaths from COVID-19 attributable to chronic diseases associated to poor nutrition and smoking among adults who tested positive to COVID-19 in Mexico. We analyzed 1,006,541 adults aged ≥20 who tested positive for COVID-19 from March 23 to December 5, 2020.

Air pollution exposure and incidence of type 2 diabetes in women: A prospective analysis from the Mexican Teachers' Cohort.

Background: Air pollution is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, scarse longitudinal studies have evaluated this association in low- and middle-income countries, where 80% of the worldwide cases of T2D occur.

Objective: Our aim was to estimate the association between PM and NO exposure and incident T2D, in the Mexican Teachers' Cohort (MTC).

PM exposure as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Mexico City metropolitan area.

Background: Exposure to air pollution is the main risk factor for morbidity and mortality in the world. Exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM) is associated with cardiovascular and respiratory conditions, as well as with lung cancer, and there is evidence to suggest that it is also associated with type II diabetes (DM).

[Not Available].

 Objetivo. Estimar el exceso de defunciones por todas las causas en México durante 2020. Material y métodos.

Dairy consumption and subclinical atherosclerosis: A cross-sectional study among middle-aged Mexican women.

Background And Aims: Many dietary guidelines encourage low-fat dairy products; however, recent studies have found null and inverse associations between high-fat dairy intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We examined the association between the intake of total dairy and different types of dairy and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, in Mexican women.

Methods And Results: Dairy consumption was assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in 1759 women in the Mexican Teachers' Cohort (MTC) study who were free of CVD or cancer.

Associations of Total Legume, Pulse, and Soy Consumption with Incident Type 2 Diabetes: Federated Meta-Analysis of 27 Studies from Diverse World Regions.

Background: The consumption of legumes is promoted as part of a healthy diet in many countries but associations of total and types of legume consumption with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are not well established. Analyses across diverse populations are lacking despite the availability of unpublished legume consumption data in prospective cohort studies.

Objective: To examine the prospective associations of total and types of legume intake with the risk of incident T2D.

Association of recurrent common infections and subclinical cardiovascular disease in Mexican women.

Background: Acute and agent-specific chronic infections have been associated with increased cardiovascular risk, however data on the burden of common recurrent infections on cardiovascular disease is limited. We hypothesized women with greater exposure to uncomplicated common infectious events had an increased risk of subclinical cardiovascular disease (sCVD).

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we assessed the relation of recurrent infections and carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) in 1946 disease-free women from the Mexican Teachers' Cohort.

Predictors of patterns of weight change 1 year after delivery in a cohort of Mexican women.

Objective: To evaluate the associations of pregestational BMI, gestational weight gain (GWG) and breast-feeding at 1 month postpartum with four patterns of weight change during the first year after delivery: postpartum weight retention (PPWR), postpartum weight gain (PPWG), postpartum weight retention + gain (PPWR + WG) and return to pregestational weight.

Design: In this secondary analysis of a prospective study, we categorised postpartum weight change into four patterns using pregestational weight and weights at 1, 6 and 12 months postpartum. We evaluated their associations with pregestational BMI, GWG and breast-feeding using multinomial logistic regression.