Comparison between Glasgow prognostic criteria and O-POSSUM/ P-POSSUM physiological indices in patients undergoing gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma and the occurrency of early postoperative complications.

Introduction: Gastric cancer is still the third cause of death worldwide due to malignant neoplasms. Its prognostic indices have not yet been well defined for surgical intervention in terms of stratifying the intensity of chronic inflammation. The Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) and O-POSSUM and P-POSSUM Indices may constitute these standardizations and were tested to assess the association between them and the prognosis after curative gastrectomy.

Characteristics of the learning curve in robotic thoracic surgery in an emerging country.

It is not established which factors impact the learning curve (LC) in robotic thoracic surgery (RTS), especially in emerging countries. The aim of this study is to analyze LC in RTS in Brazil and identify factors that can accelerate LC. We selected the first cases of two Brazilian surgeons who started their LC.

Endocrine-Metabolic Response in Patients Undergoing Multiple Body Contouring Surgeries After Massive Weight Loss.

Background: The endocrine-metabolic response to trauma is directly related to its magnitude, but little is known about the adverse effects of combined surgical procedures on morbidity.

Objectives: The authors sought to evaluate risk factors by measuring the endocrine-metabolic response in patients who underwent multiple body-contouring surgeries after massive weight loss.

Methods: This prospective, randomized, interventional study included 46 massive weight loss patients who experienced a weight loss >30% of their body mass index (BMI) and were referred for body contouring surgery.

Magnetic transcutaneous fixation: an experimental study in pigs.

Background: Magnetic subdermal implants have never been studied in the context of magnetic fixation of an external device to the body's surface. Excessive attractive force between the implant and the external device may compromise local circulation due to mechanical compression, leading to necrosis.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of transcutaneous magnetic fixation and assess secondary skin changes when subjected to a continuous static magnetic field.

Effects of local pressure on cutaneous blood flow in pigs.

Objective: to evaluate the effects of increasing pressures on the cutaneous blood flow in the skin of pigs.

Methods: we conducted an experimental study in pigs submitted to subcutaneous magnetic implants (n=30). After healing, were applied external magnets with varying magnetic forces to the skin, generating compression.

Influence of acid treatment on surface properties and in vivo performance of Ti6Al4V alloy for biomedical applications.

The purpose of this work was to investigate the influence of acid treatment on the surface properties and in vivo performance of titanium grade 5 (Ti6Al4V) alloy. Mini-implants with surface treatment were inserted into New Zealand rabbit tibia for 1, 4 and 8 weeks. SEM analysis showed intercommunicated micropores in acid treated samples.

Functional and Volumetric Analysis of the Pectoralis Major Muscle After Submuscular Breast Augmentation.

Background: Dual plane breast augmentation is a technical variation of the submuscular plane described as a technique that reduces contour deformities due to contraction of the pectoralis major muscle and lower risk of double-bubble deformity associated with breast ptosis. Despite improvement in the aesthetic aspect, there is still no consensus whether this technique affects the function of the pectoralis major muscle.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to correlate functional with volumetric changes associated with dissection of the muscle origin in submuscular breast augmentation.

Viability of randomized skin flaps-an experimental study in rats.

Background: Randomized skin flaps are extensively used in plastic surgery, but the possibility of necrosis has challenged their use. Several studies have been conducted aiming to find ways to reduce the occurrence of necrosis. We evaluated the effects of pentoxifylline (PTX) and hyaluronidase (HLD), each alone or combined, on randomized rat skin flaps.

Use of platelet-rich plasma in deep second- and third-degree burns.

Unfortunately burns are a common occurrence, leading to scarring or death. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains many growth factors that can accelerate wound healing. We analyzed the use of PRP in deep second-degree (dSD), deep second-degree associated with diabetes mellitus (dSDD), and third-degree (TD) burns in rats.

Volumetric Evaluation of the Mammary Gland and Pectoralis Major Muscle following Subglandular and Submuscular Breast Augmentation.

Background: Besides being a procedure with high level of patient satisfaction, one of the main causes for reoperation after breast augmentation is related to contour deformities and changes in breast volume. Few objective data are available on postoperative volumetric analysis following breast augmentation. The aim of this study was to evaluate volume changes in the breast parenchyma and pectoralis major muscle after breast augmentation with the placement of silicone implants in the subglandular and submuscular planes.

Evaluation of the effects of silicone implants on the breast parenchyma.

Background: Despite being the cosmetic procedure most performed worldwide, there are still few objective measurements of postoperative volumetric analysis of breast augmentation available in the literature.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate volumetric changes in the breast parenchyma after the placement of silicone implants in the subglandular plane.

Methods: Thirty-four women were randomly allocated to the intervention group (n = 24), who underwent breast augmentation in the subglandular plane, or to the control group (n = 10), who received no intervention.

Utility of video-assisted endoscopy in transaxillary breast augmentation.

Background: Breast augmentation through incisions in the axillae is an option for patients who wish to avoid scars on the breasts. The axillary approach also preserves the mammary parenchyma and lactiferous ducts. The utility of video-assisted endoscopy during this procedure as a means to improve safety and aesthetic outcomes remains debatable.

Volumetric and functional evaluation of the gluteus maximus muscle after augmentation gluteoplasty using silicone implants.

Background: The gluteal muscles have been very important throughout the evolution of mankind for the adoption of the bipedal posture. Over the past 15 years, the intramuscular technique has become popular and has been improved, with enhanced results and reduced levels of postoperative complications. The insertion of gluteal implants within the musculature may be an intrinsic compression factor of these muscles.

A new model for the standardization of experimental burn wounds.

Background: Burns are common and recurrent events treated by physicians on a daily basis at most emergency rooms around the world. There is a constant need to understand the physiopathology of burns, so as to minimize their devastating results. The objective of the present report is to describe a burn apparatus in association with an innovative method of animal fixation, as to produce burns of varying sizes and depths.

Effects of TachoSil and 5-fluorouracil on colonic anastomotic healing.

Background: The administration of intraperitoneal (IP) 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) during the early postoperative period after cytoreductive surgery can decrease local cancer recurrence but may also cause impairment of the anastomotic healing. This study examined the effects of the use of this therapy and of the anastomotic sealing with TachoSil, a fibrin-thrombin coated sealant (FTCS), on the healing of colon anastomoses.

Materials And Methods: Forty male rats were divided into four groups (1-4, 10 rats each) that underwent transection and anastomosis of the left colon.

Intramuscular technique for gluteal augmentation: determination and quantification of muscle atrophy and implant position by computed tomographic scan.

Background: New surgical techniques for gluteal augmentation have improved final results. It is estimated that more than 35,000 patients have undergone augmentation gluteoplasty using implants. The authors sought to determine and quantify the presence of muscle atrophy, and to evaluate implant positioning using the intramuscular technique.

Reducing wound complications in gluteal augmentation surgery.

Background: Over the past 30 years, many techniques have been proposed for gluteal augmentation with implants. The intramuscular technique provided greatly improved results and a consequent increase in the number of such procedures performed in Brazil. However, the data available in the medical literature reveal high rates of wound complications, mostly seroma and dehiscence.

Different from renal artery only clamping, artery and vein clamping causes a significant reduction in number of rat glomeruli during warm ischemia.

Purpose: To evaluate glomerular injury in the rat model during renal warm ischemia (WI), comparing artery and vein (AV) clamping with artery only (AO) clamping.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four adult male rats underwent 60 minutes of renal WI in the left kidney. The animals were divided into three groups: AV clamping, AO clamping, and Sham surgery.

L-arginine and glycine supplementation in the repair of the irradiated colonic wall of rats.

Purpose: Radiotherapy is widely used for cancer treatment but has harmful effects. This study aimed to assess the effects of L-arginine and glycine supplementation on the colon wall of rats submitted to abdominal irradiation.

Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: I-healthy, II-irradiated with no amino acid supplementation, III-irradiated and supplemented with L-arginine, and IV-irradiated and supplemented with glycine.

Plasma lipid levels of rats fed a diet containing pork fat as a source of lipids after splenic surgery.

Experimental studies have suggested an important role of the spleen in lipid metabolism, although with controversial results. Our purpose was to analyze the effect of a nutritionally balanced (NB) diet and a diet containing pork fat (PF) as source of lipids on the lipid profile of rats submitted to splenic surgery. Sixty adult male Wistar rats were divided into six groups of 10 animals each: 1 sham-operated, NB diet; 2 sham-operated, PF diet; 3 total splenectomy (TS), NB diet; 4 TS, PF diet; 5 TS followed by splenic autotransplantation (SA), NB diet; and 6 SA, PF diet.

Effects of probiotic supplementation on markers of acute pancreatitis in rats.

Background: Intestinal barrier disruption followed by bacterial translocation seems to play a role in secondary pancreatic infection in acute pancreatitis. The use of probiotics as a possible adjuvant strategy in the treatment of acute pancreatitis needs to be investigated.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with a prophylactically administered multispecies probiotic mixture on the markers of acute pancreatitis and on the occurrence of bacterial translocation.

Brazilian law for scientific use of animals.

Unlabelled: The Brazilian scientific community claimed for a definitive systematization and for comprehensive and realistic national rules, to provide guidance and regulation, instead of sanctions, so that the question of scientific research involving animals could be better contemplated. This is beginning to occur now with Law no. 11.

Role of L-glutamine and glycine supplementation on irradiated colonic wall.

Background And Aims: Radiotherapy is frequently used for cancer treatment, but it may be associated with several complications. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the role of L-glutamine and/or glycine supplementation on the colonic wall in rats submitted to abdominal radiation.

Materials And Methods: Sixty adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: I-healthy, II (control)-irradiated rats without amino acid supplementation, III-irradiated rats with glycine supplementation, IV-irradiated rats with L-glutamine supplementation, V-irradiated rats with glycine supplementation 7 days before irradiation and with L-glutamine supplementation 7 days after irradiation, and VI-irradiated rats with L-glutamine supplementation 7 days before irradiation and with glycine supplementation 7 days after irradiation.