Publications by authors named "Ruxin Gao"

Objective: TWIST1 is known to promote glycolysis and contribute to pancreatic cancer development; however, its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which TWIST1 influences aerobic glycolysis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Methods: The expression levels of TWIST1, MMP9, MT1-MMP, and FDX1 in clinical tissues and cancer cell lines were assessed using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (QRT-PCR).

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Cholesterol gallstone is a disease with high incidence and quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the function of exosome-derived miRNA in gallstone formation and its related molecular mechanism. Exosomes were extracted and isolated from patients with gallbladder stones and age- and gender-matched healthy controls, and exosomal miRNA expression was compared between the two groups.

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Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has no effective treatment drug. Our previous study initially found that artemether (Art) treatment significantly attenuates NSAH by regulating liver lipid metabolism. This study further elucidates new mechanisms of Art in improving liver inflammation and provides evidence for drug repurposing.

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as a chronic metabolic disease has become a global public health problem. Insulin resistance (IR) is the main pathogenesis of T2DM. Oxidative stress refers to an imbalance between free radical production and the antioxidant system, causing insulin resistance and contributing to the development of T2DM via several molecular mechanisms.

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Background: The gene is a gemcitabine (GEM) resistance gene; however, the mechanism by which it regulates GEM resistance in pancreatic cancer remains unclear.

Methods: The cell line was treated with GEM and then stimulated with . Subsequently, we constructed GEM-resistant pancreatic cancer cell lines, knocked down in these cell lines, and detected changes in the proliferation and apoptosis of drug-resistant cancer cells.

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Study Design: Prospective case series.

Prcis: This prospective study determines which formulas can best predict the refractive outcome in patients with primary angle closure disease (PACD) after cataract surgery.

Objective: To compare the accuracy of 6 intraocular lens power calculation formulas, Barrett Universal II (BU II), Haigis, Hoffer Q, Holladay I, Kane and SRK/T, in eyes with PACD.

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(CT) improves energy metabolism. However, the role of CT in alleviating obesity-induced hyperglycemia by targeting the liver remains unknown. Therefore, this article aims to explore the mechanism by which CT improves energy metabolism and resists hyperglycemia.

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The abnormal increase of Oddi sphincter pressure and total bile duct pressure may play an important role in the formation of cholesterol stones, but the specific molecular mechanism is still unclear. This study aims to investigate it through in vitro and in vivo experiments. A mouse model of Oddi sphincter dysfunction was constructed by stone-inducing diet.

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Objective: To evaluate the influence of pilocarpine eyedrops on the ocular biometric parameters and whether these parameter changes affect the intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG).

Methods: Twenty-two PACG patients and fifteen normal subjects were enrolled. Ocular biometric parameters including the axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), mean keratometry (Km), and white-to-white distance (WTW) were measured by using a Lenstar LS 900 device before and at least 30 minutes after instillation of 2% pilocarpine eyedrops.

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The application of silicon pixel sensors provides an excellent signal-to-noise ratio, spatial resolution, and readout speed in particle physics experiments. Therefore, high-performance cluster-locating technology is highly required in CMOS-sensor-based systems to compress the data volume and improve the accuracy and speed of particle detection. Object detection techniques using deep learning technology demonstrate significant potential for achieving high-performance particle cluster location.

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Mesenchymal stem cells have neuroprotective effects that limit damage to the retina and photoreceptors, and which may be mediated by extracellular vesicles (or exosomes) released by mesenchymal stem cells. To investigate the neuroprotective effect of extracellular vesicles derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on glaucoma, we established rat models of chronic ocular hypertension by injecting conjunctival fibroblasts into the anterior chamber to mimic optic nerve injury caused by glaucoma. One week after injury, extracellular vesicles derived from umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells were injected into the vitreous cavity.

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The gut-liver axis has emerged as a key player in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Sulforaphane (SFN) is a bioactive compound found in cruciferous vegetables; however, it has not been reported whether SFN improves NAFLD via the gut-liver axis. C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat and high-fructose (HFHFr) diet, with or without SFN gavage at doses of 15 and 30 mg·kg body weight for 12 weeks.

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Article Synopsis
  • NAFLD (Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease) is a significant global metabolic disorder, with limited research on the role of mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 (MPC1) in liver lipid metabolism and disease progression.
  • A study measuring MPC1 expression in liver tissues found that higher levels correspond to increased liver lipid deposits in NAFLD patients, while MPC1-deficient mice showed reduced lipid accumulation but unchanged lipid synthesis gene expression.
  • The investigation revealed that lactylation of fatty acid synthase is regulated by MPC1 and affects its activity, thus influencing liver lipid accumulation and inflammation management in the context of NAFLD.
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Introduction: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a complication of systemic diabetic microangiopathy, which has a high risk of developing into end-stage renal disease and death. This study explored the mechanism underlying autophagy in DKD vascular endothelial cell injury.

Material And Methods: DKD and vascular endothelial cell injury models were established using Sprague Dawley rats and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

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Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. As such, neuroprotective therapy is essential for the treatment of this disease. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a member of the IL-6 cytokine family and the LIF signaling pathway is considered to be one of the major endogenous factors mediating neuroprotection in the retina.

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Scope: Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) is a bioactive compound in garlic. The anti-obesity effect of garlic oil has been reported, but the role and mechanism of DATS in preventing obesity remain to be explored.

Methods And Results: Studies with high-fat-diet-induced obese mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes are performed.

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Gynostemma pentaphyllum (G. pentaphyllum) is a perennial liana herb of the Cucurbitaceae family which has both nutraceutical and pharmacological functions. The objective of the current study was to investigate the preventative effects of G.

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Background: To compare biometric parameters, especially lens parameters, in patients with high myopia and anisometropia.

Methods: Patients with spherical equivalent greater than -6D and at least one eye with an axial length greater than 26 mm and a difference in binocular axial length greater than 2 mm were included in this study. In each patient, the eye with a relatively shorter axial length was assigned to Group S, and the other eye was assigned to Group L.

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Article Synopsis
  • Rising obesity rates worldwide are significantly impacting human health, contributing to an increase in diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular conditions.
  • A study using diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice demonstrated that treatment with an unspecified herb and the flavonoid kaempferol led to weight loss, improved blood sugar levels, and better insulin resistance.
  • The treatments also positively affected gut microbiota and increased levels of beneficial compounds that enhance glucose metabolism and intestinal health, suggesting that the herb and kaempferol may help manage obesity and its related health issues.
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The targeted delivery of phytochemicals that promote energy expenditure for obesity therapy remains a challenge. This study assembled a functionalized adipo-8 aptamer loaded with allicin using isothermal rolling-circle techniques to form a synergistic adipocyte-targeted binary-drug delivery system for treating obesity. The functionalized adipo-8 aptamer efficiently protected allicin from adsorption, showing significant potential to encapsulate, transport, and release molecular cargos into white adipose tissue.

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Article Synopsis
  • Reprogrammed glucose metabolism, especially through aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect), is crucial for the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
  • The study identifies TWIST1, a conserved transcription factor, as a key regulator of aerobic glycolysis in PDAC, influencing glucose uptake and lactate production.
  • TWIST1 directly enhances the expression of certain glycolytic genes, and its regulatory effects are independent of other known factors like HIF1α or c-Myc, highlighting its importance in the Warburg effect for PDAC cells.
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A practical Fe-catalyzed decarbonylative cascade reaction of N-aryl cinnamamides with aliphatic aldehydes to provide C3 alkylated 3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-ones is developed. Aliphatic aldehydes were oxidatively decarbonylated into 1°, 2° and 3° alkyl radicals conveniently, allowing for the subsequent cascade construction of C(sp3)-C(sp3) and C(sp3)-C(sp2) bonds via radical addition and HAS-type cyclization. The importance of the amide linkage and the selectivity of the 6-endo-trig over 5-exo-trig cyclization pathway were elucidated by experimental results and DFT calculations.

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