gen. nov., sp. nov. ( fam. nov., ), first cultured representative of the marine clade UBA10066, and sp. nov., from activated sludge of a seawater-processing wastewater treatment plant.

Two strains isolated from a sample of activated sludge that was obtained from a seawater-based wastewater treatment plant on the southeastern Mediterranean coast of Spain have been characterized to achieve their taxonomic classification, since preliminary data suggested they could represent novel taxa. Given the uniqueness of this habitat, as this sort of plants are rare in the world and this one used seawater to process an influent containing intermediate products from amoxicillin synthesis, we also explored their ecology and the annotations of their genomic sequences. Analysis of their 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that one of them, which was orange-pigmented, was distantly related to (family ) and to other representatives of neighbouring families in the order (class ) by 88-89 % similarities; while the other strain, which was yellow-pigmented, was a putative new species of (family , order , class ) with as closest relative (97.

sp. nov., sp. nov. and sp. nov., from drinking water systems.

A polyphasic taxonomic study was conducted on three strains isolated from drinking water systems that had previously been deposited as species at the Spanish Type Culture Collection in order to complete their classification. Strains CECT 9293, CECT 9390 and CECT 9393 were isolated from sites in Barcelona, Spain, in the framework of a project aimed at generating the first MALDI-TOF database specific for bacteria present in water for human consumption. Their partial 16S rRNA sequences showed that their closest relatives among the type strains of exhibited 98 % similarity or less, supporting their taxonomic novelty.

Rapid and improved identification of drinking water bacteria using the Drinking Water Library, a dedicated MALDI-TOF MS database.

According to the European Directives (UE) 2020/2184 and 2009/54/EC, which establishes the sanitary criteria for water intended for human consumption in Europe, water suitable for human consumption must be free of the bacterial indicators Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens and Enterococcus spp. Drinking water is also monitored for heterotrophic bacteria, which are not a human health risk, but can serve as an index of bacteriological water quality. Therefore, a rapid, accurate, and cost-effective method for the identification of these colonies would improve our understanding of the culturable bacteria of drinking water and facilitate the task of water management by treatment facilities.

Pseudidiomarina piscicola sp. nov., isolated from cultured European seabass, Dicenthrarchus labrax.

Strain CECT 9734, a Gram-negative, aerobic, chemoorganotrophic bacterium, motile by polar flagella, was isolated from cultured European seabass, Dicenthrarchus labrax, in Spain. It grows from 5 to 42 ºC, 6-9 pH and 1-12% total salinity. Major cellular fatty acids are C iso, summed feature 9 (C iso w9c/C 10-methyl) and C iso.

Vibrio palustris sp. nov. and Vibrio spartinae sp. nov., two novel members of the Gazogenes clade, isolated from salt-marsh plants (Arthrocnemum macrostachyum and Spartina maritima).

Two bacterial strains, EAod9T and SMJ21T, isolated from salt-marsh plants, were determined to be related to species of the genus Vibriofrom from 16S rRNA sequence comparisons. Their closest phylogenetic relatives are members of the Gazogenes clade, Vibrio mangrovi and Vibrio rhizosphaerae , which show the greatest similarity to the SMJ21TrRNA sequence (97.3 and 97.

subsp. Fatty Acids Profile Is Strain-Dependent and Changes Upon Host Macrophages Infection.

Johne's disease is a chronic granulomatous enteritis of ruminants caused by the intracellular bacterium subsp. (). We previously demonstrated that isolates from sheep persisted within host macrophages in lower CFUs than cattle isolates after 7 days of infection.

Marinomonas blandensis sp. nov., a novel marine gammaproteobacterium.

A novel Gram-staining-negative, chemoorganotrophic, moderately halophilic, strictly aerobic bacterium, strain MED121T, was isolated from a seawater sample collected at the Blanes Bay Microbial Observatory in the north-western Mediterranean Sea. Analysis of its 16S rRNA gene sequence, retrieved from the whole-genome sequence, showed that this bacterium was most closely related to Marinomonas dokdonensis and other Marinomonas species (96.3 and 93.

Grimontia celer sp. nov., from sea water.

Strain 96-237T, a Gram-reaction-negative, curved- to spiral-shaped motile bacterium, isolated from coastal marine water, was found to be related to species of the genus Grimontia by 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, sharing 98.3 % similarity to Grimontia marina CECT 8713Tand 98.8 % to 'Grimontiaindica' AK16.

Marinomonas spartinae sp. nov., a novel species with plant-beneficial properties.

Two strains of Gram-stain-negative, chemo-organotrophic, aerobic and halophilic gammaproteobacteria, isolated from within the stem and roots of Spartina maritima in salt marshes from the south Atlantic Spanish coast, were found to represent a novel species in the genus Marinomonas through phylogenetic analysis of their 16S rRNA genes and phenotypic characterization. 16S rRNA gene sequences of the two strains shared < 96.2% similarity with other Marinomonas species, with Marimonas alcarazii being the most similar in sequence.

Vibrio renipiscarius sp. nov., isolated from cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata).

Two strains of Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, slightly halophilic bacteria, isolated from healthy gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) cultured in Spanish Mediterranean fish farms, were different from their closest relatives, Vibrio scophthalmi and V. ichthyoenteri, by phenotypic, phylogenetic and genomic standards. The strains were negative for decarboxylase tests and lacked extracellular hydrolytic activities, but were able to ferment d-mannitol, sucrose, cellobiose and d-gluconate, among other carbohydrates.

Improving survival and storage stability of bacteria recalcitrant to freeze-drying: a coordinated study by European culture collections.

The objective of this study is to improve the viability after freeze-drying and during storage of delicate or recalcitrant strains safeguarded at biological resource centers. To achieve this objective, a joint experimental strategy was established among the different involved partner collections of the EMbaRC project ( www.embarc.

Multilocus sequence analysis of putative Vibrio mediterranei strains and description of Vibrio thalassae sp. nov.

A multilocus sequence analysis based on partial gyrB, mreB, rpoD and pyrH genes was undertaken with 61 putative Vibrio mediterranei/V. shilonii strains from different hosts (mussels, oysters, clams, coral, fish and plankton) or habitat (seawater and sediment) and geographical origins (Mediterranean, Atlantic and Pacific). A consistent grouping was obtained with individual and concatenated gene sequences, and the clade, comprising 54 strains, was split into three subclades by all methods: subclade A (40 strains, including AK1, the former type strain of Vibrio shilonii), subclade B (8 strains) corresponding to the species V.

Roseovarius albus sp. nov., a new Alphaproteobacterium isolated from the Mediterranean Sea.

Strain 4SM10(T), an aerobic marine, Gram-negative, heterotrophic and non pigmented bacterium isolated from seawater from Vinaroz in Castellón, Spain, was characterized using a polyphasic approach. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence placed the strain within the Roseobacter clade in the family Rhodobacteraceae. Phylogenetic analyses also showed that strain 4SM10(T) forms a stable clade with species of the genus Roseovarius, being related to Roseovarius nubinhibens ISM(T) and Roseovarius aestuarii SMK-122(T) at 97.

Description of Tropicibacter mediterraneus sp. nov. and Tropicibacter litoreus sp. nov.

Four strains (M15∅_3, M17(T), M49 and R37(T)) were isolated from Mediterranean seawater at Malvarrosa beach, Valencia, Spain. Together with an older preserved isolate (strain 2OM6) from cultured oysters at Vinaroz, Castellón, Spain, the strains were thoroughly characterized in a polyphasic study and were placed phylogenetically within the Roseobacter clade in the family Rhodobacteraceae. Highest 16S rRNA sequence similarities of the five strains to the types of any established species corresponded to Tropicibacter multivorans (95.

Marinifilum flexuosum sp. nov., a new Bacteroidetes isolated from coastal Mediterranean Sea water and emended description of the genus Marinifilum Na et al., 2009.

A facultatively anaerobe, moderately halophilic, Gram-negative, filamentous, non motile and unpigmented bacterium, designated M30(T), was isolated from coastal Mediterranean Sea water in Valencia, Spain. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA sequences placed this strain in the phylum "Bacteroidetes" with Marinifilum fragile JC2469(T) as its closest relative with 97% sequence similarity. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between both strains were far below the 95% threshold value for species delineation (about 89% using BLAST and about 90% using MUMmer).

Vibrio aestivus sp. nov. and Vibrio quintilis sp. nov., related to Marisflavi and Gazogenes clades, respectively.

Two new Vibrio species, Vibrio aestivus and Vibrio quintilis, are described after a polyphasic characterization of strains M22(T), M61 and M62(T), isolated from seawater collected off a beach on the East coast of Spain (Valencia). All three strains are Gram negative, mesophilic, slightly halophilic, fermentative rods. V.

Pseudonocardia hispaniensis sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from industrial wastewater activated sludge.

A novel actinomycete, designated PA3(T), was isolated from an oil refinery wastewater treatment plant, located in Palos de la Frontera, Huelva, Spain, and characterized taxonomically by using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate formed a distinct subclade in the Pseudonocardia tree together with Pseudonocardia asaccharolytica DSM 44247(T). The chemotaxonomic properties of the isolate, for example, the presence of MK-8 (H(4)) as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C(16:0) as the major fatty acid, are consistent with its classification in the genus Pseudonocardia.

Actibacterium mucosum gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine alphaproteobacterium from Mediterranean seawater.

Strain R46(T), a marine alphaproteobacterium, was isolated from Mediterranean seawater at Malvarrosa beach, Valencia, Spain. It is an aerobic chemo-organotrophic, mesophilic and slightly halophilic organism, with complex ionic requirements. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequences showed that strain R46(T) formed a separate branch within the family Rhodobacteraceae, bearing similarities below 94.

Role of the non-canonical notch ligand delta-like protein 1 in hormone-producing cells of the adult male mouse pituitary.

To better understand the role of the non-canonical Notch ligand delta-like protein 1 (DLK1), in hormone-producing cells, we studied the cell distribution and subcellular localisation of DLK1 in the pituitary of male adult 129/SvJ mice, and analysed the variations in the hormone-producing cells associated with the lack of this gene in Dlk1 knockout mice. The results obtained showed the presence of DLK1-immunoreactive (ir) cells in all hormone-producing cells of the anterior pituitary. Immunoelectron microscopy showed DLK1-ir in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and inside secretory vesicles, suggesting that DLK1 is released together with pituitary hormones.

Tropicibacter multivorans sp. nov., an aerobic alphaproteobacterium isolated from surface seawater.

Strain MD5T, an aerobic marine alphaproteobacterium, was isolated from Mediterranean seawater at Malvarrosa beach, Valencia, Spain. The strain was characterized in a polyphasic study and was placed phylogenetically within the Roseobacter clade in the family Rhodobacteraceae. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain MD5T is related to Tropicibacter naphthalenivorans C02T, Phaeobacter inhibens T5T, P.

Pseudomonas litoralis sp. nov., isolated from Mediterranean seawater.

Strains 2SM5(T) and 2SM6, two strictly aerobic chemo-organotrophic gammaproteobacteria, were isolated from Mediterranean seawater off the coast of Vinaroz, Castellón, Spain, in February, 1990. They were extensively characterized by a polyphasic study that placed them in the genus Pseudomonas. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that both strains shared 100 % sequence similarity and were closely related to members of the Pseudomonas pertucinogena clade, with less than 97.

The EGF-like proteins DLK1 and DLK2 function as inhibitory non-canonical ligands of NOTCH1 receptor that modulate each other's activities.

The protein DLK2, highly homologous to DLK1, belongs to the EGF-like family of membrane proteins, which includes NOTCH receptors and their DSL-ligands. The molecular mechanisms by which DLK proteins regulate cell differentiation and proliferation processes are not fully established yet. In previous reports, we demonstrated that DLK1 interacts with itself and with specific EGF-like repeats of the NOTCH1 extracellular region involved in the binding to NOTCH1 canonical ligands.

Photobacterium aphoticum sp. nov., isolated from coastal water.

A facultatively anaerobic marine gammaproteobacterium, designated strain M46(T), was isolated from Mediterranean seawater at Malvarrosa beach, Valencia, Spain. The strain was characterized by using a polyphasic approach and was found to be situated within the genus Photobacterium in the family Vibrionaceae. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain M46(T) was closely related to P.

The novel gene EGFL9/Dlk2, highly homologous to Dlk1, functions as a modulator of adipogenesis.

The Dlk1 gene appears to function as a regulator of adipogenesis. Adult Dlk1-deficient mice are obese, but adipose tissue still develops in transgenic mice overexpressing an Fc-dlk1 fusion protein, and neither type of genetically modified mice displays serious abnormalities. It was therefore possible that one yet unidentified gene might either compensate or antagonize for the absence or for overexpression, respectively, of Dlk1 in those animals.