Differences in Malnutrition Inflammation Score of Hemodialysis Patients Associated With Hemodialysis Factors. A Spanish Multicenter Epidemiologic Study.

Objectives: The aims of this study are to analyze the prevalence of malnutrition in hemodialysis (HD) patients in Spain, and to assess the association of malnutrition in these patients with sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidity, and parameters related to HD.

Design And Methods: A multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional study in HD patients from centers all over Spain was conducted. Nutritional status of patients was assessed using Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS), and was stratified according to MIS values into 5 categories: ≤2, normal nutrition; >2 to ≤5, mild malnutrition or risk of malnutrition; >5 to ≤7, moderate malnutrition; >7 to ≤10, severe malnutrition, and >10, extreme malnutrition.

Ghrelin plasma levels and appetite in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Anorexia-associated malnutrition is a severe complication that increases mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Ghrelin is a recently-discovered orexigenic hormone with actions in brain and stomach. We analyzed, in 42 PD patients, the possible relationship between ghrelin and appetite regulation with regard to other orexigens [neuropeptide Y (NPY), NO3] and anorexigens [cholecystokinin (CCK), leptin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)].