Exercise-induced changes in central sensitization outcomes in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background And Objective: Temporal summation of pain (TSP) and conditioned pain modulation (CPM) are the two most commonly used clinical measures of central sensitization (CS). However, the effectiveness of exercise on TSP and CPM has yet to be evaluated. This review aims to investigate the effect of exercise alone on CS outcomes in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Nociceptive, neuropathic, or nociplastic low back pain? The low back pain phenotyping (BACPAP) consortium's international and multidisciplinary consensus recommendations.

The potential to classify low back pain as being characterised by dominant nociceptive, neuropathic, or nociplastic mechanisms is a clinically relevant issue. Preliminary evidence suggests that these low back pain phenotypes might respond differently to treatments; however, more research must be done before making specific recommendations. Accordingly, the low back pain phenotyping (BACPAP) consortium was established as a group of 36 clinicians and researchers from 13 countries (five continents) and 29 institutions, to apply a modified Nominal Group Technique methodology to develop international and multidisciplinary consensus recommendations to provide guidance for identifying the dominant pain phenotype in patients with low back pain, and potentially adapt pain management strategies.

Exercise Therapy for Chronic Neck Pain: Tailoring Person-Centred Approaches within Contemporary Management.

Exercise therapy is considered the best evidence-based approach for managing chronic neck pain. However, the implementation of exercise therapy presents several challenges. Systematic reviews indicate that it has modest effectiveness, while clinical practice guidelines offer limited guidance on the exercise parameters required to optimise clinical outcomes.

Patient-related barriers and enablers to the implementation of high-value physiotherapy for chronic pain: a systematic review.

Objective: To identify and synthesize patient-related barriers to and enablers of the implementation of high-value physiotherapy (HVP) for chronic pain. Furthermore, to review what patient-related interventions have been used to facilitate the implementation of HVP for chronic pain, as well as their efficacy.

Methods: We systematically searched the APA PsycInfo, Embase, CINAHL, Medline, Scopus, and PEDro databases for peer-reviewed studies (published in English) of adults with chronic pain.

Effectiveness of combined surgical and exercise-based interventions following primary traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness, risk of recurrence and return to activity (RTA) of surgery combined with exercise-based interventions (EBI) versus EBI alone after traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation (ASD).

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Systematic literature search (MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar).

Differential Structural Brain Changes Between Responders and Nonresponders After Physical Exercise Therapy for Chronic Nonspecific Neck Pain.

Objectives: Physical exercise therapy is effective for some people with chronic nonspecific neck pain but not for others. Differences in exercise-induced pain-modulatory responses are likely driven by brain changes. We investigated structural brain differences at baseline and changes after an exercise intervention.

The effects of physical exercise on structural, functional, and biochemical brain characteristics in individuals with chronic whiplash-associated disorder: A pilot randomized clinical trial.

Background: Exercise for people with whiplash associated disorder (WAD) induces hypoalgesic effects in some, but hyperalgesic effects in others. We investigated the exercise-induced neurobiological effects of aerobic and strengthening exercise in individuals with chronic WAD.

Methods: Sixteen participants (8 WAD, 8 pain-free [CON]) were randomised to either aerobic or strengthening exercise.

Effect of exercise on chronic neck pain and central sensitization: A protocol for a randomized crossover trial.

Exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) has been found to vary widely within individuals with chronic neck pain (NP). Research has suggested that the presence of central sensitization within a subgroup of individuals with chronic NP might be a mediating factor to explain the relationship between exercise and improvements in patient-reported outcomes. Furthermore, recent work has found that lactate might play a role in the development and maintenance of chronic pain.

A Shared Genetic Signature for Common Chronic Pain Conditions and its Impact on Biopsychosocial Traits.

The multiple comorbidities & dimensions of chronic pain present a formidable challenge in disentangling its aetiology. Here, we performed genome-wide association studies of 8 chronic pain types using UK Biobank data (N =4,037-79,089 cases; N = 239,125 controls), followed by bivariate linkage disequilibrium-score regression and latent causal variable analyses to determine (respectively) their genetic correlations and genetic causal proportion (GCP) parameters with 1,492 other complex traits. We report evidence of a shared genetic signature across chronic pain types as their genetic correlations and GCP directions were broadly consistent across an array of biopsychosocial traits.

Comparative efficacy and acceptability of non-pharmacological interventions in fibromyalgia: Protocol for a network meta-analysis.

Introduction: Although several non-pharmacological interventions have been tested in the management of Fibromyalgia (FM), there is little consensus regarding the best options for the treatment of this health condition. The purpose of this network meta-analysis (NMA) is to investigate the comparative efficacy and acceptability of non-pharmacological interventions for FM, in order to assist clinical decision making through a ranking of interventions in relation to the most important clinical outcomes in these patients.

Methods And Analysis: We will perform a systematic search to identify randomised controlled trials of non-pharmacological interventions endorsed in guidelines and systematic reviews.

The effectiveness of aerobic versus strengthening exercise therapy in individuals with chronic whiplash-associated disorder: a randomised single case experimental design study.

Purpose: Recent RCTs and meta-analyses compare the effectiveness of different types of exercise for chronic whiplash associated disorder (WAD). This study aimed to verify whether the results of these studies translate to statistically significant and clinically meaningful effects in individual participants.

Materials And Methods: A series of replicated randomised single case experimental design studies (SCEDs) with A-B design (A: baseline, B: intervention).

Exercise-induced hypoalgesic effects of different types of physical exercise in individuals with neck pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the exercise-induced hypoalgesic (EIH) effects of different types of physical exercise in individuals with neck pain.

Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis.

Literature Search: An electronic search of six databases was completed to include studies assessing EIH effects on neck pain.

Differences in Structural Brain Characteristics Between Individuals with Chronic Nonspecific Neck Pain and Asymptomatic Controls: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Neck pain is a prevalent and costly problem, but its underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Neuroimaging studies show alterations in brain morphometry in chronic musculoskeletal pain, but reports on neck pain are scarce.

Objective: This study investigates (1) differences in brain morphometry between individuals with chronic nonspecific neck pain and asymptomatic individuals and (2) associations between brain morphometry and patient-reported outcomes.

Genetic basis to structural grey matter associations with chronic pain.

Structural neuroimaging studies of individuals with chronic pain conditions have often observed decreased regional grey matter at a phenotypic level. However, it is not known if this association can be attributed to genetic factors. Here we employed a novel integrative data-driven and hypothesis-testing approach to determine whether there is a genetic basis to grey matter morphology differences in chronic pain.

Comparative effectiveness of physical exercise interventions for chronic non-specific neck pain: a systematic review with network meta-analysis of 40 randomised controlled trials.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of different physical exercise interventions for chronic non-specific neck pain.

Design: Systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Electronic databases: AMED, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, MEDLINE, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, PsycINFO, Scopus and SPORTDiscus.

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Assessment of Brain Metabolite Concentrations in Individuals With Chronic Whiplash-associated Disorder: A Cross-sectional Study.

Objectives: Pathophysiologic mechanisms underpinning ongoing pain in whiplash-associated disorder (WAD) are not well understood, however, alterations in brain morphology and function have been observed in this population and in other chronic pain conditions. This study investigated metabolite profiles of brain regions in people with chronic WAD compared with controls.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-eight individuals with chronic WAD (mean [SD] age, 39.

A Pilot Longitudinal Study of 3-Dimensional Head and Neck Kinematics During Functional Tasks in Individuals With Chronic Idiopathic Neck Pain Either Wait-Listed for or Receiving Chiropractic Spinal Manipulative Therapy With Exercise.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a relationship between pain and movement kinematics during functional tasks, evaluated over time, in individuals with chronic idiopathic neck pain.

Methods: Ten participants with chronic idiopathic neck pain performed 2 functional tasks (overhead reach to the right and putting on a seatbelt) while evaluated using 8 Oqus 300+ cameras. Kinematic variables included joint angles and range of motion (ROM) (°), head segment relative to neck segment (head-neck [HN]); and head/neck segment relative to upper thoracic segment (head/neck-trunk), velocity (m/s), and time (% of movement phase).

Central neurobiological effects of physical exercise in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain: a systematic review.

Objective: Primary objectives: to investigate the central neurobiological effects (using MRI) of physical exercise in individuals with chronic pain. Secondary objectives: (1) to investigate the associations between central changes and clinical outcomes and (2) to investigate whether different types and dosages of physical exercise exert different central changes.

Design: Systematic review searching four electronic databases up to September 2018: AMED, CINAHL, Embase and MEDLINE.

Systemic inflammatory markers in neck pain: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background And Objective: Mechanisms underpinning symptoms in non-traumatic neck pain (NTNP) and whiplash-associated disorder (WAD) are not comprehensively understood. There is emerging evidence of systemic inflammation in musculoskeletal pain conditions, including neck and back pain. The aim of this systematic review was to determine if raised blood inflammatory markers are associated with neck pain.

The comparative effectiveness of physical exercise interventions in individuals with chronic non-specific neck pain: protocol for a network meta-analysis.

Introduction: Neck pain is a global burdensome problem, with a large proportion of neck pain cases becoming chronic. Although physical exercise is a commonly prescribed treatment, the evidence on the effectiveness of isolated exercise interventions remains limited. Traditional pairwise randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses are limited in only comparing two interventions.

Cervical Sensorimotor Control Does Not Change Over Time and Is Not Related to Chronic Idiopathic Neck Pain Characteristics: A 6-Month Longitudinal Observational Study.

Background: Cervical sensorimotor control (CSMC) outcomes have been suggested to be important in the assessment of individuals with neck pain, despite the lack of consistent supporting evidence that CSMC skills are related to neck pain.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether CSMC changes over time in individuals with chronic idiopathic neck pain and whether neck pain characteristics are associated with CSMC.

Design: A longitudinal observational study was performed.