Impact of population screening for Lynch syndrome insights from the All of Us data.

Lynch Syndrome (LS) is a common genetic cancer condition that allows for personalized cancer prevention and early cancer detection in identified gene carriers. We used data from the All of Us (AOU) Research Initiative to assess the prevalence of LS in the general U.S.

Gluten-free Diet, a Friend or a Foe, an American Perspective.

Gluten proteins in cereal grains are often considered unsafe for health. Indeed, the dissemination of misinformation through various sources has led to a widespread misconception that the consumption of gluten by healthy individuals results in adverse health consequences and contributes to obesity. In recent years, many health-conscious consumers have started reducing or avoiding gluten consumption without a medical recommendation.

Lipid modulation contributes to heat stress adaptation in peanut.

At the cellular level, membrane damage is a fundamental cause of yield loss at high temperatures (HT). We report our investigations on a subset of a peanut () recombinant inbred line population, demonstrating that the membrane lipid remodeling occurring at HT is consistent with homeoviscous adaptation to maintain membrane fluidity. A major alteration in the leaf lipidome at HT was the reduction in the unsaturation levels, primarily through reductions of 18:3 fatty acid chains, of the plastidic and extra-plastidic diacyl membrane lipids.

Development of High-Yielding Upland Cotton Genotypes with Reduced Regrowth after Defoliation Using a Combination of Molecular and Conventional Approaches.

Cotton is an economically important crop. However, the yield gain in cotton has stagnated over the years, probably due to its narrow genetic base. The introgression of beneficial variations through conventional and molecular approaches has helped broaden its genetic base to some extent.

Advances and opportunities in unraveling cold-tolerance mechanisms in the world's primary staple food crops.

Temperatures below or above optimal growth conditions are among the major stressors affecting productivity, end-use quality, and distribution of key staple crops including rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and maize (Zea mays L.). Among temperature stresses, cold stress induces cellular changes that cause oxidative stress and slowdown metabolism, limit growth, and ultimately reduce crop productivity.

Alterations in Growth Habit to Channel End-of-Season Perennial Reserves towards Increased Yield and Reduced Regrowth after Defoliation in Upland Cotton ( L.).

Cotton ( spp.) is the primary source of natural textile fiber in the U.S.

Comprehensive meta-QTL analysis for dissecting the genetic architecture of stripe rust resistance in bread wheat.

Background: Yellow or stripe rust, caused by the fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) is an important disease of wheat that threatens wheat production.

Epidemiology of Gastric Malignancies 2000-2018 According to Histology: A Population-Based Analysis of Incidence and Temporal Trends.

Background & Aims: Gastric cancer (GC) remains a leading cause of cancer and cancer-related mortality. Recent reports suggest noncardia GC is increasing in certain U.S.

Cost-effectiveness of screening with polymerase chain reaction for to prevent gastric cancer and peptic ulcers.

Background: () is a major risk factor for gastric cancer. Screening and treatment of may reduce the risk of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of gastric biopsies provides superior sensitivity and specificity for the detection of .

Plant biomacromolecule delivery methods in the 21st century.

The 21st century witnessed a boom in plant genomics and gene characterization studies through RNA interference and site-directed mutagenesis. Specifically, the last 15 years marked a rapid increase in discovering and implementing different genome editing techniques. Methods to deliver gene editing reagents have also attempted to keep pace with the discovery and implementation of gene editing tools in plants.

Heterologous expression of the TaPI-PLC1-2B gene enhanced drought and salt tolerance in transgenic rice seedlings.

Drought and salt stress are important factors that affect plant growth and development and cause crop yield reductions worldwide. Phospholipase C is a class of enzymes that can hydrolyze phospholipids, and it has been shown to play an important role in plant growth regulation and stress response. We used rice as a model to investigate the function of the wheat TaPI-PLC1-2B gene in salt and drought tolerance.

ASRpro: A machine-learning computational model for identifying proteins associated with multiple abiotic stress in plants.

One of the thrust areas of research in plant breeding is to develop crop cultivars with enhanced tolerance to abiotic stresses. Thus, identifying abiotic stress-responsive genes (SRGs) and proteins is important for plant breeding research. However, identifying such genes via established genetic approaches is laborious and resource intensive.

Short and long-term outcomes of prophylactic total gastrectomy in 54 consecutive individuals with germline pathogenic mutations in the CDH1 gene.

Background: Germline mutation of CDH1 is rare and leads to hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (DGC).

Methods: Patients (pts) with CDH1 mutation who underwent multidisciplinary counseling followed by open prophylactic total gastrectomy (PTG) by a single surgeon were reviewed.

Results: Fifty-four pts with a median age of 41 years (16-70 years) underwent PTG between 2006 and 2021.

Outlook for Implementation of Genomics-Based Selection in Public Cotton Breeding Programs.

Researchers have used quantitative genetics to map cotton fiber quality and agronomic performance loci, but many alleles may be population or environment-specific, limiting their usefulness in a pedigree selection, inbreeding-based system. Here, we utilized genotypic and phenotypic data on a panel of 80 important historical Upland cotton ( L.) lines to investigate the potential for genomics-based selection within a cotton breeding program's relatively closed gene pool.

Performance of Bayesian and BLUP alphabets for genomic prediction: analysis, comparison and results.

We evaluated the performances of three BLUP and five Bayesian methods for genomic prediction by using nine actual and 54 simulated datasets. The genomic prediction accuracy was measured using Pearson's correlation coefficient between the genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV) and the observed phenotypic data using a fivefold cross-validation approach with 100 replications. The Bayesian alphabets performed better for the traits governed by a few genes/QTLs with relatively larger effects.

Celiac Plexus Neurolysis Is Associated With Decreased Survival in Patients With Pancreatic Cancer: A Propensity Score Analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate survival in patients who received celiac plexus neurolysis (CPN) compared with patients who received opioids.

Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-Medicare database was used to identify patients older than 65 years diagnosed with pancreatic cancer between 2007 and 2015. We used claims data to identify patients with a history of CPN and opioid use within 1 year of diagnosis, and other demographic, clinical, and treatment variables.