Binocular vision in the rabbit.

Two experiments are reported where rabbits were trained on both an Either- Or and a Same-Different visual discrimination task. A system of coloured patterns and light filters ensured that information was accessible only by binocular vision. The results showed that the animals were able to solve both types of discrimination problems under these conditions.

Short-stay surgery for inguinal hernia. Clinical outcome of the Shouldice operation.

In 1970 a general surgical team on Teesside adopted the Shouldice operation for inguinal hernia together with a policy of short-stay surgery. Careful follow-up has established that repairs using the suture material of choice--stainless-steel wire--have an estimated 6-year recurrence-rate of 0.8%, statistically indistinguishable from that achieved by the highly specialised Shouldice Clinic.

Day-case surgery for hernias and haemorrhoids. A clinical, social, and economic evaluation.

Patients with inguinal hernia or haemorrhoids were randomly allocated to an experimental group expected to stay in hospital for only eight hours after surgery or a control group scheduled for discharge on the fifth or sixth day. There was no difference in clinical outcome between the two groups of hernia patients. However, complications were twice as common in haemorrhoid day-patients as in long-stay haemorhoid patients.

The identification, characterization, and mapping of a gene for flocculation in Saccharomyces sp.

Genetic studies of a flocculent haploid strain of Saccharomyces have revealed the flocculation to be dominant and controlled at a single gene locus. The flocculation character of both hybrids and haploids derived from such hybrids appears to be influenced by the repression or derepression status of the culture. Mapping studies of this flocculation gene have revealed that it is linked to ade 1 and therefore located on Chromosome I.

Menetrier's disease. Effect of medical and surgical vagotomy.

A 62-year-old woman with incapacitating atherosclerotic vascular occlusive disease was found to have severe hypoproteinemia as a result of Menetrier's disease. That diagnosis was suspected on roentgenographic and gastroscopic examinations and confirmed by examination of full-thickness surgical gastric biopsy specimens. The protein loss from the stomach was significantly decreased by treatment with trimethaphan and atropine and led us to perform proximal gastric vagotomy at the time of endarterectomy.

Subcortical nature of Pavlovian differentiation in the rabbit.

Normal, hemidecorticated and decorticated rabbits were trained to criterion in a Pavlovian light-tone differentiation situation using the nictitating membrane preparation. Neither hemidecortication nor total neodecortication had any significant effect on the acquisition of Pavlovian conditional responses and both types of lesion were accompanied by differentiation performance which was as good as, or better than, that shown by normal controls. There was an indication however, that total neodecortication produced a slight retardation in the initial acquisition of conditional responses to the positive conditional stimulus.

The anterior approach to the adrenal gland.

The traditional approach to the adrenal gland is via a loin incision. While this is frequently the ideal approach for unilateral disease if both adrenals are to be examined or removed the surgeon must choose between bilateral loin incisions and a transabdominal approach. A bilateral posterior approach may be made with the patient is a prone, semi-jacknife position.

The management of breast cysts by aspiration.

A review is given of 75 patients presenting with breast cysts treated by aspiration. The patients have been followed for an average of four years and in no case has a carcinoma been detected. The technique is considered to be safe provided the guidelines laid down by the writers are followed.

Inhibition by efferent nerve fibres: action on hair cells and afferent synaptic transmission in the lateral line canal organ of the burbot Lota lota.

1. Intracellular recordings were made from morphologically identified hair cells in the lateral line canal organs of the burbot Lota lota. 2.

Measurement of potassium and chloride ion concentrations in the cupulae of the lateral lines of Xenopus laevis.

1. Potential measurements were made with double barrel ion selective electrodes from the cupulae of lateral line organs in the aquatic toad Xenopus laevis. 2.

Morphine-induced rotation in naive, nonlesioned rats.

In rats injected with morphine in the midbrain reticular formation, pronounced ipsilateral rotation behavior was elicited by mild auditory and visual stimuli. The frequency of occurrence and rate of rotation were dose-dependent. This effect was site specific and drug specific; other drugs (except heroin) failed to induce this behavior.

Deputising services in Denmark--some implications for Great Britain.

In Denmark charges for home visits were abolished in April 1973. This paper analyses how this change affected the number of consultations undertaken by the deputising service in one Danish town and how the increase in consultations was distributed in time and place in a sample of individual families. It also describes how, in comparison with the deputising services sponsored by the British Medical Association in Great Britain, the more widely-used Danish deputising services operate.

Rapid estimation of trace amounts of ethylenimine by high-pressure liquid chromatography.

A rapid procedure utilizing high-pressure liquid chromatography is described for determining trace quantities of ehtylenimine down to 0.01 ppm. The basis for the method is the quantitative reaction of ethyleneimine with the 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate ion (Folin's reagent) to give 4-(1-aziridinyl)-1,2-naphthoquinone.

Matched controls in surveys of the use of general practice. Another use for research practice age-sex registers.

This paper describes how an age-sex register may be used as a sampling frame for the selection of matched controls in studies of the use of general practice. It discusses both the analysis of data collected in this way and the advantages and limitations of the method itself. The application of the method to a case-study suggests that patients who use hospital accident departments are also high users of general practice.

Role of cortex in Pavlovian discrimination learning.

Two totally neodecorticate rabbits and two groups of normal rabbits were trained on a light-tone differentiation using a Pavlovian nictitating membrane response. The significance of the two stimuli involved in the differentiation was then reversed. Excellent initial differentiations were produced by both decorticates and normals, although there was some evidence of a small retardation of conditional response acquisition in the decorticates in this first stage of the experiment.