The Effect of Copper and Zinc Sources on Liver Copper and Zinc Concentrations and Performance of Beef Cows and Suckling Calves.

To determine the influence of the source of gestational and postnatal Cu and Zn supplementation on cow and calf performance, cows ( = 287) were assigned to one of the following two treatments: (1) inorganic (INORG) treatment, in which cows were supplemented with 15 mg of Cu (as CuSO) and 15 mg of Zn (as ZnSO) per kg of diet DM, or (2) organic (ORG) treatment, in which cows were supplemented with 15 mg of Cu (as Cu proteinate; Bioplex Cu, Alltech, Inc., Nicholasville, KY, USA) and 15 mg of Zn (as Zn proteinate; Bioplex Zn, Alltech, Inc., Nicholasville, KY, USA) per kg of diet DM.

Cattle and carcass performance, and life cycle assessment of production systems utilizing additive combinations of growth promotant technologies.

The objective of this study was to determine the impact of beef production systems utilizing additive combinations of growth promotant technologies on animal and carcass performance and environmental outcomes. Crossbred steer calves ( =120) were stratified by birth date, birth weight, and dam age and assigned randomly to one of four treatments: 1) no technology (NT; control), 2) antibiotic treated (ANT; NT plus therapeutic antibiotics and monensin and tylosin), 3) implant treated (IMP; ANT plus a series of 3 implants, and 4) beta-agonist treated (BA; IMP plus ractopamine-HCl for the last 30 d prior to harvest). Weaned steers were fed in confinement (dry lot) and finished in an individual feeding system to collect performance data.

Beef producer survey of the cost to prevent and treat bovine respiratory disease in preweaned calves.

OBJECTIVE To estimate costs associated with prevention and treatment of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in preweaned calves on US beef cow-calf operations. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SAMPLE 43 beef cow-calf producers whose operations had a history of BRD in preweaned calves.

Case-control study to determine herd-level risk factors for bovine respiratory disease in nursing beef calves on cow-calf operations.

To determine herd-level risk factors for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in nursing beef calves. Matched case-control study. 84 cow-calf operations in Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota.

Bovine herpesvirus 1 modified live virus vaccines for cattle reproduction: Balancing protection with undesired effects.

Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) has long been associated with reproductive failure in cattle following infection of the ovary and/or fetus. Vaccination prior to breeding has been an effective approach to lessen the impact of BoHV-1 on reproduction. Prior studies in the 1980s and 1990s established the susceptibility of the ovary and particularly the corpus luteum (CL) to BoHV-1 infection.

Effects of preovulatory estradiol on embryo survival and pregnancy establishment in beef cows.

The role of preovulatory estradiol on post-fertilization embryo survival and pregnancy establishment has not been well characterized in beef cows. We hypothesized that preovulatory estradiol is important for embryo survival and pregnancy establishment in beef cows. Twenty-four ovariectomized multiparous cows were used in a replicated 3×3 Latin Square design.

Attitudes toward becoming a veterinarian in a group of undergraduate agriculture and biomedical sciences students.

Objective: To assess the level of interest of university students enrolled in veterinary science courses toward becoming a veterinarian, reasons supporting or discouraging their interest, when those attitudes were formed, and future plans for those pursuing veterinary medicine as a career.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Sample: 585 university students in South Dakota enrolled in 2 veterinary science courses over a 6-year period.

Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus among healthy show pigs, United States.

Within 5 months after the earliest detection of human influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus, we found molecular and culture evidence of the virus in healthy US show pigs. The mixing of humans and pigs at swine shows possibly could further the geographic and cross-species spread of influenza A viruses.

Outbreak of Salmonella enterica serotype Newport in a beef cow-calf herd associated with exposure to bovine viral diarrhea virus.

Case Description: Severe disease and death in cows and calves affected 1 of 3 separate groups (A, B, and C) of cattle on a commercial cow-calf operation.

Clinical Findings: Clinical illness consisting of severe watery and bloody diarrhea, dehydration, weakness, and death affected adult cows and calves in 1 group (group B). Salmonella enterica serotype Newport was recovered from tissues of cows and calves from group B.