Pharmacological Management of Agitation and Delirium in Older Adults: a Survey of Practices in Canadian Emergency Departments.

Agitation is a common presenting symptom of delirium for older adults in the emergency department (ED). No medications have been found to reduce delirium severity, symptoms, or mortality, yet they may cause harm. Guidelines suggest using medications only when patients are posing a risk of harm, situations which may arise frequently in the ED.

Distinct Subtypes of Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia Based on Patterns of Network Degeneration.

Importance: Clearer delineation of the phenotypic heterogeneity within behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) will help uncover underlying biological mechanisms and improve clinicians' ability to predict disease course and to design targeted management strategies.

Objective: To identify subtypes of bvFTD syndrome based on distinctive patterns of atrophy defined by selective vulnerability of specific functional networks targeted in bvFTD using statistical classification approaches.

Design, Setting And Participants: In this retrospective observational study, 90 patients meeting the Frontotemporal Dementia Consortium consensus criteria for bvFTD underwent evaluation at the Memory and Aging Center of the Department of Neurology at University of California, San Francisco.

Histological quantification of brain tissue inflammatory cell infiltration after focal cerebral infarction: a systematic review.

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability, and current treatments to limit tissue injury and improve recovery are limited. Cerebral infarction is accompanied by intense brain tissue inflammation involving many inflammatory cell types that may cause both negative and positive effects on outcomes. Many potential neuroprotective and neurorestorative treatments may affect, and be affected by, this inflammatory cell infiltration, so that accurate quantification of this tissue response is needed.

Identification of the Drosophila melanogaster homologue of the mammalian signal transducer protein, Vav.

Mammalian Vav signal transducer protein couples tyrosine kinase signals with the activation of the Rho/Rac GTPases, thus leading to cell differentiation and/or proliferation. We have isolated and characterized the DroVav gene, the homologue of hVav in Drosophila melanogaster. DroVav encodes a protein (793 residues) whose similarity with hVav is 47% and with hVav2 and hVav3 is 45%.